Method of wall painting in which water-based pigments are applied to wet, freshly laid lime plaster. The dry-powder colours, when mixed with water, penetrate the surface and become a permanent part of the wall. This technique is also known as
buon fresco, or "true fresco," to distinguish it from
fresco secco, or "dry fresco" (painting on dry plaster). Early Minoan, Greek, and Roman wall paintings were frescoes. The Italian Renaissance was the greatest period of fresco painting, as seen in the works of
Cimabue,
Giotto,
Masaccio, Fra
Angelico,
Correggio, and others.
Michelangelo's frescoes in the Sistine Chapel and
Raphael's in the Vatican are the most famous of all. By the 18th century, fresco had been largely replaced by oil painting. In the early 20th century it was revived by
Diego Rivera and others, often as a medium for political art. Fresco painting is also found in China and India.
For more information on
fresco painting,
visit Britannica.com.