gall

(gôl)

1. See bile (sense 1).
2. 1. Bitterness of feeling; rancor.
   2. Something bitter to endure: the gall of defeat.
3. Outrageous insolence; effrontery.

[Middle English, from Old English gealla, galla.]

(gôl)

1. A skin sore caused by friction and abrasion: a saddle gall.
2. 1. Exasperation; vexation.
   2. The cause of such vexation.

1. To make (the skin) sore by abrasion; chafe.
2. To damage or break the surface of by or as if by friction; abrade: the bark of saplings galled by improper staking. See synonyms at chafe.
3. To irk or exasperate; vex: It galled me to have to wait outside.

[Middle English galle, from Old English gealla, possibly from Latin galla, nutgall.]

(gôl)

[Middle English galle, from Old French, from Latin galla, nutgall.]

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noun

1. The quality or state of feeling bitter: acrimony, bitterness, embitterment, rancor, rancorousness, resentfulness, resentment, virulence, virulency. See feelings.
2. The state or quality of being impudent or arrogantly self-confident: assumption, audaciousness, audacity, boldness, brashness, brazenness, cheek, cheekiness, chutzpah, discourtesy, disrespect, effrontery, face, familiarity, forwardness, impertinence, impudence, impudency, incivility, insolence, nerve, nerviness, overconfidence, pertness, presumptuousness, pushiness, rudeness, sassiness, sauciness. Informal brass, crust, sauce, uppishness, uppityness. See attitude/good attitude/bad attitude/neutral attitude, courtesy/discourtesy.

verb

1. To make (the skin) raw by or as if by friction: abrade, chafe, excoriate, fret, irritate. See help/harm/harmless.
2. To trouble the nerves or peace of mind of, especially by repeated vexations: aggravate, annoy, bother, bug, chafe, disturb, exasperate, fret, get, irk, irritate, nettle, peeve, provoke, put out, rile, ruffle, vex. Idioms: get in one's hair, get on one's nerves, get under one's skin. See feelings, pain/pleasure.

Definition: nerve, brashness
Antonyms: modesty, reservations, shyness

v

Definition: upset, irritate
Antonyms: cheer, encourage, enliven, exhilarate, make happy

Unusual growth of plant tissues; a result of the introduction of a foreign substance such as a chemical or fungus, or a result of mechanical injury.

An abnormal growth on a plant, usually caused by insects but sometimes by fungi or bacteria. See also crown gall.

1. an abnormal swelling or growth produced by a plant in response to the activities of various fungi, mites, and insects, especially members of the Cynipidae and Cecidomyidae. Insect eggs and larvae are often found in galls.
2. a former name for bile.

1. the bile.
2. a sore caused by chafing; said commonly of horses.
3. an excrescence on a plant, e.g. on the seedheads of Lolium rigidum, caused by plant nematodes and causing poisoning.
4. an extract of galls. Used in medicine as a bitter.

• girth g. — see girth gall.
• saddle g. — see saddle sore.
• g. sickness — see anaplasmosis.

Gall can mean:

• Gall, plant growth
• Bile, a fluid that aids in digestion
• Colocynth, the bitter apple or vine of Sodom

Culture and politics

• Gall Force, a 1980s Japanese science fiction animation series
• In Summerland (novel), a gall is a place where two parts of the Lodgepole meet
• Gall v. United States, a United States Supreme Court case about criminal sentencing

People

• Saint Gall, Irish disciple
• Benny Gall, Danish football goalkeeper
• Gall (Native American leader), Hunkpapa Lakota war leader
• France Gall, French singer
• Franz Joseph Gall, German neuroanatomist
• James Gall, Scottish clergyman
• John Gall (author), American paediatrician
• John Gall (baseball player), American baseball player
• Joseph G. Gall, American cell biologist
• Kevin Gall, Welsh footballer
• Sandy Gall, British journalist and newscaster
• Yvonne Gall, French operatic soprano
• Zlatko Gall, Croatian journalist

See also

• Gallbladder
• Gal (disambiguation)

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Dansk (Danish)
1.
n. - galde, bitterhed

idioms:

• gall bladder    galdeblære

2.
n. - irritation, ærgrelse
v. tr. - irritere, forbitre
v. intr. - gøre hudløs, gnave

3.
n. - gnavsår, hudløst sted

Nederlands (Dutch)
irriteren, verbitteren, stuk-/kaalwrijven, verergeren, galblaas, lef, bitterheid, schaafwond, irritatie, kaalgewreven plek, gallon (inhoudsmaat)

Français (French)
1.
n. - (Méd) bile, fiel, amertume

idioms:

• gall bladder    (Méd) calcul biliaire

2.
n. - (Vét) écorchure (par le frottement), exaspération, contrariété
v. tr. - écorcher, excorier, (fig) irriter (qn)
v. intr. - s'écorcher, s'irriter

3.
n. - (Bot) galle

Deutsch (German)
1.
n. - Bitterkeit, Gallenblase, Galle, (Slang) Unverschämtheit

idioms:

• gall bladder    (Anat) Gallenblase

2.
n. - Schürfwunde, wundgeriebene Stelle
v. - wundreiben, ärgern

3.
n. - (Bot) Gallapfel, Mißbildung

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - πίκρα, γδάρσιμο, γρατσουνιά, (ανατ.) χολή, αναίδεια, θράσος
v. - πληγώνω, ταπεινώνω, διαολίζω

idioms:

• gall bladder    (ανατ.) χοληδόχος κύστη

Italiano (Italian)
amarezza, bile, vescica biliare

idioms:

• gall bladder    cistifellea, vescica biliare

Português (Portuguese)
n. - bílis (f), escoriação (f), descaramento (m), azedume (m)
v. - esfolar, irritar, atormentar

idioms:

• gall bladder    vesícula (f) biliar (Anat.)

Русский (Russian)
желчь, желчность, наглость, потертость, ссадина, галл, ссадить, злить

idioms:

• gall bladder    желчный пузырь

Español (Spanish)
1.
n. - amargura, vesícula biliar, bilis, hiel

idioms:

• gall bladder    vesícula biliar

2.
n. - descaro, frescura, imprudencia
v. tr. - lastimar por roce o frotamiento, irritar
v. intr. - lastimarse por roce o frotamiento, irritarse

3.
n. - crecimiento anormal de las plantas

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - fräckhet, bitterhet, galla (åld. med.), gallblåsa (åld. anat.), galläpple, skavsår, oro, kal fläck
v. - skava (sönder), plåga

中文（简体）(Chinese (Simplified))
1. 胆汁, 苦的东西, 苦味, 怨恨

idioms:

• gall bladder    胆囊

2. 肿痛, 擦伤, 磨损处, 鞍伤, 瑕疵, 擦痛, 激怒, 磨损, 羞辱

3. 肿痛, 擦伤, 磨损处, 鞍伤, 瑕疵

中文（繁體）(Chinese (Traditional))
1.
n. - 膽汁, 苦的東西, 苦味, 怨恨

idioms:

• gall bladder    膽囊

2.
n. - 腫痛, 擦傷, 磨損處, 鞍傷, 瑕疵
v. tr. - 擦傷, 擦痛, 激怒, 磨損, 羞辱
v. intr. - 擦傷, 擦痛, 磨損

3.
n. - 腫痛, 擦傷, 磨損處, 鞍傷, 瑕疵

한국어 (Korean)
1.
n. - 매우 쓴 맛, 뻔뻔함, 담즙

2.
n. - 미약한 상처
v. tr. - 화나게 하다, (피부 등을) 스쳐서 벗기다
v. intr. - 스쳐서 벗겨지다

3.
n. - 균 혹, 충영

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - 苦々しい思い, 憎悪, ずうずうしさ, すりむけ, くらずれ, 苦々しさ, 厚かましさ, 擦り傷
v. - すりむく, 悩ます, 感情を傷付ける

idioms:

• gall bladder    胆嚢

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) صفراء, سخط, وقاحه (فعل) يغيط, يقرح‏

עברית (Hebrew)
n. - ‮מרה, התמרמרות, חוצפה‬
n. - ‮פצע חיכוך או שפשוף‬
v. tr. - ‮הכאיב, העליב, פגע, חכך, פצע, הציק, השפיל‬
v. intr. - ‮התרגז‬
n. - ‮עפץ, נפיחות בעץ‬

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