
n.
- Direct-current electricity, especially when produced chemically. Also called voltaism.
- Therapeutic application of direct-current electricity, especially the electric stimulation of nerves and muscle.
[After Luigi GALVANI.]
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American Heritage Dictionary:
gal·va·nism |

[After Luigi GALVANI.]
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Galvanism |
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In biology, galvanism is the contraction of a muscle that is stimulated by an electric current. In physics and chemistry, it is the induction of electrical current from a chemical reaction, typically between two chemicals with differing electronegativities.
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The effect was named by Alessandro Volta after his contemporary, the scientist Luigi Galvani, who investigated the effect of electricity on dissected animals in the 1780s and 1790s. It happened when Galvani was doing some dissection work in his lab with the frog, and one more dissected frog was hanging on the brass rod, suddenly Galvani's scalpel made up of steel touched the brass rod, and he saw twitching of muscle in frog's leg, he then did it again, and saw the twitching of muscle again. Hence, he thought that there is some energy passing present. But his idea was told to be unfaithful at that time. But then Alessandro Volta gave this theory again, and named after Galvani. Galvani himself referred to the phenomenon as animal electricity, believing that he had discovered a distinct form of electricity. Volta, on the other hand, claimed that the reputed animal electricity was due to an interaction between the metals used to mount and dissect the frog's leg, and in 1800, before the Royal Society in London, announced the Voltaic Cell or pile, essentially the battery.
The modern study of galvanic effects in biology is called electrophysiology, the term galvanism being used only in historical contexts. The term is also used to describe the bringing to life of organisms using electricity, as popularly associated with (but never explicitly depicted in) Mary Shelley's work Frankenstein, and people still speak of being 'galvanized into action'.
Many Victorian scientists believed that if the right amount of electricity was charged into the brain, the corpse would come back to life for a short while.
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Translations:
Galvanized |
Dansk (Danish)
adj. - galvaniseret
Français (French)
adj. - galvanisé, relancé
Deutsch (German)
adj. - verzinkt
Ελληνική (Greek)
adj. - γαλβανισμένος
Italiano (Italian)
galvanizzato
Português (Portuguese)
adj. - galvanizado
Русский (Russian)
гальванизированный, возбужденный
Español (Spanish)
adj. - galvanizado, sacudido
Svenska (Swedish)
adj. - galvaniserad, eggad, upplivad
中文(简体)(Chinese (Simplified))
镀锌的, 通电的
中文(繁體)(Chinese (Traditional))
adj. - 鍍鋅的, 通電的
한국어 (Korean)
adj. - 아연도금의, 활기를 띤
עברית (Hebrew)
adj. - מחושמל, הלום, מצופה באבץ
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| galvanist |
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![]() | American Heritage Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Read more |
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