Paul Francis Gadd aka Gary Glitter (born May 8 1944) is an English rock and pop
singer and songwriter who had a string of chart successes
with a collection of 1970s glam rock hits including "Rock and Roll parts 1 & 2", "I Love You
Love Me Love", "I'm the Leader of the Gang (I Am)" and
"Hello, Hello, I'm Back Again". He is currently in jail until
August 2008[1] in Vietnam for child sexual abuse.
Glitter first came to prominence in the glam rock era of the early 1970s. He had one of the longest chart runs of any solo
singer in the UK during the 1970s. Between 1972 and 1995 Glitter charted no fewer than 25 hit singles which spent a grand total
of 179 weeks in the UK Top 100.[2] His success as a live performer lasted well beyond the decade. Glitter's 1973 #1 "I'm the Leader of the Gang (I Am)" also remains one of the better-known songs of its
era.[citation needed] He continued to record in the
1980s and 1990s, with his 1984 song "Another Rock N' Roll Christmas"
being one of the Top 30 Christmas hits of all time.[3] He
released seven studio albums, and at least 15 greatest hits collections or
live albums. In 1998, his recording of "Rock and Roll" was voted as one of the Top 1001 songs
in music history.[4] In 2004, a Channel 4 poll of the 50 Greatest Pop Stars of all time placed Glitter at #22.[5]
In 1999, Glitter was convicted for downloading 4,000 child pornography pictures in
the UK, and was afterwards listed as a sex offender.[6] His reputation was greatly tarnished, and though he continued releasing new
music, Glitter's popularity declined sharply. He was permanently evicted from Cambodia in 2002
for suspected child sexual abuse offences.[7] He afterwards
relocated to Vũng Tàu in Vietnam, and in March 2005 applied for permanent resident
status.[8] Later that year, he was arrested by Vietnamese
authorities while trying to leave the country, and he was tried and convicted of child
sexual abuse charges. Glitter's release date is August 2008 though in April 2007 his lawyer announced that he was appealing for a second time against the length of his sentence (having had it
cut by 3 months in the first appeal[9]).
Biography
Early work
Paul Francis Gadd was born in Banbury, Oxfordshire. He
began performing the British club circuit since his mid-teens in the late 1950s, appearing in such British clubs as the
Two I's in Soho and the Laconda and Safari Clubs. At the time, his repertoire
consisted of early rock standards and gentle ballads, and he got his first break when a film producer looking to hit the music
industry, Robert Hartford Davis, discovered him and financed a recording session for the British Decca label. Under the stage name Paul Raven, he released his first single, "Alone in the Night" in
January 1960.
A year later, he had a new manager (Vic Billings), a new recording deal (with Parlophone),
and a new producer – George Martin, who would begin making his name for keeps a year later
when he signed and began producing The Beatles. The Martin sessions produced two singles,
"Walk on By" and "Tower of Strength," but neither sold very well and Raven's recording career hit an impasse. By 1964, while
Martin's work with The Beatles was upending the world, Raven was playing the warm-up for the British television program
Ready Steady Go!. He did numerous TV commercials and film auditions, but
somewhere in the middle of that activity he met arranger-producer Mike Leander who, in due
course, helped turn his music career around.
Gary Glitter
First, Raven joined the Mike Leander Show Band in early 1965. Then he was deputised to produce a few recording sessions by
such artists as Thane Russell and a Scottish beat group, the Poets. Finally, after Leander's
band fell apart, Raven formed Boston International with saxophonist John Rossall, and this group spent the following five years
touring between the UK and Germany and recording occasionally. By 1970, several singles including "Musical Man", "Goodbye
Seattle" and a version of George Harrison's Beatles song, "Here Comes the Sun," put Raven back into record stores. He took the name Gary Glitter in 1971 as the
glam movement hit full swing, by playing alliteratively with letters of the alphabet, working backward from Z. The style that
would come to define Gary Glitter had taken its basic shape.
The song that at last made Gary Glitter's name and career began as a fifteen-minute jam, whittled down to a pair of
three-minute extracts, which Glitter and Leander called "Rock and Roll, Parts
One and Two". Like Stevie Wonder's debut hit, "Fingertips Pt. 2", "Rock and Roll (Part Two)" would prove to be the more popular side in many countries,
although it took about six months before it made its full impact, going to number two on the British pop charts and hitting the
Top Ten in the United States, one of the few British glam rock records that did (T. Rex's
"Bang a Gong (Get It On)" was another). "Rock and Roll (Part One)", however, was
also a hit; in France it made number one (in the UK both sides were listed together on the charts).
Glitter performing on
Top of the Pops in the 1970s
Mainstream success
"Rock and Roll" proved not to be a fluke. For the next three years, Glitter challenged Sweet, Slade and T. Rex as glam's chart dominators. He took his image
seriously enough to own a reported thirty glitter suits and fifty pairs of his trademark silver platform boots. He also released
several British Top Ten hits with "I'm the Leader of the Gang (I Am)" as his first to hit number one in the summer of 1973 and "I
Love You Love Me Love", its follow-up, as his second. Even an atypical ballad, "Remember Me This Way", went to number three. He had twelve consecutive Top Ten
singles, from 1972's "Rock and Roll (Parts One and Two)" to "Doing Alright With the Boys" in the summer of 1975.
"Rock and Roll (Part Two)" caught on as a popular sports anthem in North America. Often used as a goal song or celebration
song, fans chant out "Hey!" along with the chorus. In light of Glitter's court convictions (see below), some teams have stopped
using the song; though it remains heavily played.
Despite his success in Britain, Glitter never made the same impact in the U.S., where at best, glam rock was seen as a
curiosity. Glitter had one more entry on the U.S. charts with "I Didn't Know I Loved You (Till I Saw You Rock 'n Roll)"; however,
the closest Glitter came to another U.S. hit was a cover recording of "I'm the Leader of the Gang (I Am)" by the punk/blues group
Brownsville Station.
After "Doing Alright With the Boys" Glitter won the award for "Best male artist" at the Saturday
Scene music awards hosted by LWT. His next release was a cover of the
Rivingtons' rhythm and blues legend, "Papa Oom Mow Mow", but it got no higher than
number 38 on the British charts. After his next releases stalled likewise, Gary Glitter announced his retirement from music in
early 1976. That same year, his first true hits package, simply titled Greatest Hits, was released. It entered the UK Top
40 best-sellers charts, although its sales may have been hurt due to a similar budget album, entitled I Love You Love Me
Love, issued by Hallmark Entertainment the following year.
Return to fame
Glitter's career took a downturn towards the end of the 1970s. He was said to have begun
drinking heavily, even admitting later that he pondered suicide. Under financial pressure, not even a pair of Top 40 hit singles
("It Takes All Night" and "A Little Boogie Woogie in the Back of My Mind") could lift him all the way back. It took the
post-punk audience, and some of its artists who still respected Glitter's work, to do that (he
was an influence on post-punk and new wave as well as
early punk rock itself). This helped open a path for Glitter to cut a dance medley of his
greatest hits, All That Glitters, which charted in 1981; within three years, he was playing eighty shows a year at
colleges and clubs, and had chart hits "Dance Me Up" and "Another Rock N' Roll Christmas".
Glitter's comeback was boosted in the 1980s by various guest spots and collaborations. In 1982 he appeared on the
British Electric Foundation album Music of Quality and
Distinction Volume One, along with fellow pop/rock luminaries Sandie Shaw and
Tina Turner. By 1988, The Timelords'
"Doctoring the Tardis," a Doctor Who tribute that sampled "Rock and Roll (Part Two)",
took the top spot. In due course, Glitter re-cut "Rock and Roll" with producer Trevor Horn and also "I'm the Leader of the Gang
(I Am)" with outfit Girlschool. In the late 1980s his hit singles were used to compile the
Telstar-released C'mon, C'mon ... It's the Gary Glitter Party Album. In 1989, Jive Bunny and the Mastermixers put a large sample of "Another Rock and Roll Christmas"
on their Number 1 UK hit "Let's Party".
Glitter spent the next decade mostly as an in-demand live performer, and his back catalog of recordings proved durable enough
that several compilations sold well. Glitter appeared in several humorous billboard and poster advertisements for British Rail, in one of which he attempts to look younger (and quite clearly fails) in order to obtain a
Young Persons Railcard. He also issued a new studio album Leader 2 in 1991
which sold reasonably well.
He was a surprise hit at the 1994 World Cup concert in Chicago which was telecast live to forty-six countries. He played the Godfather in a 1996
revival of The Who's Quadrophenia. He also cut a single, a new version of
"The House of the Rising Sun". British rock group Oasis used a sample from Glitter's 1973 chart hit, "Hello,
Hello, I'm Back Again" on their 1995 multi-million selling album (What's the Story) Morning Glory?, one of a number of acts that borrowed from his
song book.
"Rock and Roll (Part Two)" by this time was being used heavily as a crowd-rouser at numerous American (and other) sporting
events, and it was featured in the hit films The Full Monty, Happy Gilmore and Meet the Fockers .
Musical legacy
While his musical career is considered by many to be technically over, Glitter is considered one of the most influential
British musicians of his generation. His campy, larger than life stage persona was a significant inspiration to many performers,
along with his theatrical performance style which some called "a pop panto". His music has
influenced early punk rock, hardcore, post-punk, new wave and britpop. Some
argue that Glitter's musical influence still continues to this day, as the KLF sampling
testifies. The earliest example of his direct influence was Adam and The Ants
earliest singles having a heavy drum beat that was directly taken from Gary Glitter's sound, though they applied an art school
aesthetic to it.
Business interests
Glitter's Snack Bar was a restaurant founded by Glitter in 1991. It was in the west end of London and advertised with the slogan "Leader of the Snack". It was successful at first, but business
eventually slowed and the restaurant closed in the late 1990s.
Glitter also launched his own record label in the early 1990s, Attitude
Records, after he lost his deal with Virgin Records. Glitter signed to Virgin
after leaving Arista Records in 1984 after 12 years with the label. Attitude records was
merged into Machmain LTD later in the 1990s, a music company owned by Glitter.
Child pornography arrest and conviction
In November 1997 Glitter was arrested after child pornography images were
discovered on the hard drive of a personal computer he had taken to a Bristol branch of
PC World for repair. The computer had been turned in for repair as it had become
unable to display JPEG images. During the course of the repair, the technician accessed Glitter's
image files to test the software and discovered the images.
As a result, he was lampooned in both US and UK media over the allegations. Additionally, his segment in the Spice Girls' film, Spiceworld The Movie, was cut.
(Nevertheless, a cover version of "I'm the Leader of the Gang (I Am)" was still included in the movie).
The following years held further trouble for the singer. Glitter was convicted of possession of child pornography in 1999 and
classified formally as a sex offender, serving two months of a four-month sentence. He was
also charged with having sex with an underage girl, Alison Brown, when she was 14 years old. Glitter was acquitted of this charge
after it emerged that Brown had sold her story to News of the World and stood
to earn more money from the newspaper on Glitter's conviction.[10]
Career moves after 2000 jail release
After British press revealed his whereabouts in Spain, Glitter reportedly attempted to move to Cuba in 2000 but was thwarted after the Cuban Consulate in London was tipped off and his picture and real name sent
to all Cuban ports. He then went to Cambodia where there was an uproar over his presence which
led Cambodian authorities to expel him in 2002, determining that he was 'a threat to the security of a country and to the
national image of Cambodia'. He had been jailed for three nights in that country on suspicion of sex offences, but was not
convicted of any crime. In the same year, Snapper records repromoted The Ultimate Gary Glitter, a 2 CD anthology of Glitter's music first issued in 1997 (days after his arrest), which covers his commercial
breakthrough in 1972 through that point; again it was moderately successful.
In September 2001 he had released a new album, On, that included material written before his 1999 British conviction.
That material was to have been part of a project called Lost on Life Street until that album's release was cancelled
following his arrest.
By December 2004, after releasing a new single, "Control", Glitter appeared in the news again about his behaviour, where NGO's
had been petitioning the government with their own evidence to arrest Glitter. Glitter escaped to Vietnam.
In 2005 Remember Me This Way, the documentary filmed at Glitter's career peak
in 1973 (and originally released in 1974), was issued for the first time on DVD. Glitter's music
itself still had an audience, further demonstrated by three new album releases, although all of them contained past recordings
from the vaults, rather than new product. The first two new albums were issued at the same time, The Remixes and Live
in Concert (the latter of which was a 1981 recording). These were only for sale on the Internet. A new collection of
Glitter's chart hit singles followed, The Best of Gary Glitter.[11] In 2006 his back catalog was made available electronically on the Internet from sites such as
iTunes and eMusic.
Vietnam underage-sex arrest and conviction
In late 2005, Gary Glitter was arrested and charged with rape of under-aged girls. Early in 2006, he was convicted of
committing obscene acts with minors and sentenced to imprisonment; he filed an appeal, but this was dismissed on June 15 2006.
Arrest and trial
On November 12, 2005, Gary Glitter fled his home, despite
having applied for permanent residence in Vietnam. Three days later, he was arrested in Ho Chi
Minh City while trying to board a flight to Thailand. Six girls and women in Vietnam,
aged 11 to 23, admitted to having sex with Glitter; the age of consent in that country is
eighteen.[12]
After his arrest, Glitter was turned over to provincial police from Ba Ria-Vung Tau and returned to Vung Tau and held on suspicion of having sex with two underage girls. Glitter was jailed throughout the
criminal probe, which was completed on December 26 2005. The
charge of rape was dropped for, according to Glitter's lawyer, "lack of evidence", although the singer admitted that an
eleven-year-old girl had slept in his bed. Glitter could have faced the death penalty
by firing squad if convicted of child rape. After having received compensatory
payments from Glitter, the families of the girls appealed to the courts for clemency for
him.[13][14][15]
Glitter was tried on charges of committing obscene acts with two girls, aged 10 and 11, and could have faced up to fourteen
years in prison if convicted. The trial opened on March 2, 2006
and ended the next day, upon which Glitter was found guilty as charged and sentenced to three years' imprisonment.[16][17][18][19][20]
He could be eligible for parole after serving one-third of his prison term, or one year, with credit for the four months he
spent in jail from November 2005 to March 2006. Glitter's sentence includes mandatory deportation after serving his sentence and payment of 5M Vietnamese
dong (US$315) to his victims' families.[21] Glitter continued to deny any wrongdoing, saying he believes he was framed by
British tabloid newspapers.[22] He announced he planned
to spend part of his sentence writing an autobiography, which he
began during his pre-trial detention.
BBC interview
In May 2006, Gary Glitter gave his first interview in more than 8 years to BBC News. He denied doing anything wrong
saying "to my knowledge I have not had sex with anyone under 18". He also said "I know the line to cross". When asked what he
thought of adults having sex with children he said "It certainly is a crime ... I don't have the words, I would be very angry
about that." He said he did not think too much about the future for now, other than winning his appeal. Glitter was criticized
about his comments: Christine Beddoe, director of End Child Prostitution, Pornography and Trafficking, said that Glitter
was trying to "minimize what he has done" and added "We must allow children to tell their story and not just have the words of
Gadd."
In his interview Glitter said he was "not a paedophile" and as far as his music was concerned said "I felt after I left prison
in England that maybe there was a slim chance I could put my life back on track and have a career, but after some time, the
people that surrounded me, lawyers etc and managers, said: 'We don't think so, as the media have already made such a big deal
about this'." He continued to blame the press for his downfall and called them "The worst enemy in the world", Glitter did not
comment about his previous conviction for possession of child pornography several years earlier.[23]
In the week following the broadcast of the interview, the BBC received hundreds of complaints from viewers, but the network
pointed out they had made it quite clear during the broadcast that Glitter had been convicted of the crimes and that "He was
strongly challenged on his protestations of innocence".[24]
Appeal
On 15 June 2006, the People's Supreme Court of Appeals heard
Glitter's appeal for a reduced sentence in a closed hearing. The ruling by the three-judge panel was announced at around 10 am
that day, with the appeal being rejected.[25][26] Glitter's appeal had been scheduled to begin
19 May 2006, but was postponed for unspecified reasons.[27][28] Although he remained calm throughout the 40 minute reading of the verdict, upon leaving the
courthouse, he shouted angrily to reporters that there was "no justice here in Vietnam. They did not listen to the defence at
all."[29] On 7
February 2007 it was announced that his sentence had been reduced by three months.[30] His sentence will now conclude in August 2008.
Trivia
- Glitter was the first act to place his initial 11 hit singles into the UK Top 10, although this record was later matched (and
broken) by others, he remains the only male solo artist to have achieved this.
- In 1997, the year of his last tour to date, it was reported 1 in every 60 people in the UK had been to a Gary Glitter concert [citation needed].
- His single, "I Love You Love Me Love" sold over 1 million copies during its run at Number 1 in the UK. Its peak sales were at
the very end of 1973, into the start of 1974 and it ranks as one of the top 40 best selling records in both years, as of 2006 it
remains one of the top 60 selling singles of all-time.[31][32]
- Before his Christmas tours in 1995 and 1996, Glitter hosted episodes of the BBC 2 music show
TOTP2. He had also guest hosted some episodes of Top
of the Pops on BBC 1, one of which, in 1995, was "The Gary Glitter Special",
featuring him singing his hits "I'm the Leader of the Gang (I Am)" at the opening and (after the weekly run down of the weeks pop
charts) closing with "Hello, Hello, I'm Back Again".
- Glitter has been given various nicknames by his fans and the media over the years, these include "The Leader" (which he was
dubbed after his hit single "I'm the Leader of the Gang (I Am)"); this has been spun off into many associated names, i.e.
"The Leader of Glam Rock", "The Leader of Music", etc. Other nicknames include "The James Brown of Pop", "The High Priest of Glam
Rock" and "The Godfather of Glam".[citation needed]
- In 1970, while he was still recording as Paul Raven, Glitter had a role as a priest on the
multi-million selling concept album Jesus
Christ Superstar, composed by Tim Rice and Andrew Lloyd Webber[citation needed].
Selected discography
Singles
1950s
- 1959 "Alone In The Night" (Released by Paul Raven)
1960s
- 1960 "Walk On Boy" (Released by Paul Raven)
- 1960 "Tower Of Strength" (Released by Paul Raven)
- 1968 "Musical Man" (Released by Paul Monday)
- 1969 "Soul Thing" (Released by Paul Raven)
- 1969 "Here Comes the Sun" (Released by Paul Monday)
1970s
- 1970 "We Are Living In One Place" (Released by Rubber Bucket)
- 1970 "Stand" (Released by Paul Raven)
- 1971 "Make A Wish, Amanda" (Released as Friendly Persuasion)
From this point all records were released as Gary Glitter
- 1972 "Rock and Roll (Parts 1 & 2)", Bell 1216, 3/72, #2 UK; #7
U.S.; #1 France
- 1972 "I Didn't Know I Loved You (Till I Saw You Rock 'n' Roll)", Bell 1259, 9/72, #4 UK; #35 U.S.
- 1973 "Do You Wanna Touch Me? (Oh Yeah)", Bell 1280, 1/73, #2 UK Spent three
months in the UK Top 20
- 1973 "Hello! Hello! I'm Back Again", Bell 1299, 3/73, #2 UK Spent two months in the Top
10
- 1973 "I'm the Leader of the Gang (I Am!)", Bell 1321, 7/73, #1 UK
Four weeks at #1, Spent two months in the Top 10
- 1973 "I Love You Love Me Love", Bell 1337, 11/73, #1 UK Spent three months in the Top 10
- 1974 "Remember Me This Way", Bell 1349, 3/74, #3 UK
Spent six weeks in the Top 20
- 1974 "Always Yours", Bell 1359, 6/74, #1 UK Spent two months in the Top 20
- 1974 "Oh Yes! You're Beautiful", Bell 1391, 11/74, #2 UK Spent two months in the Top 20
- 1975 "Love Like You and Me", Bell 1423, 5/75, #10 UK
- 1975 "Doing Alright with the Boys", Bell 1429, 6/75, #6 UK
- 1975 "Papa Oom Mow Mow" #38 UK
- 1976 "You Belong To Me", Bell 1473, 2/76, #40 UK
- 1977 "It Takes All Night Long" #25 UK
- 1977 "A Little Boogie Woogie in the Back of Mind" #31 UK
- 1978 "Oh What a Fool I've Been" / "365 Days (Hurry On Home)"
- 1979 "Superhero"
1980s
- 1980 "Gary Glitter EP" #57 UK
- 1980 "What Your Mama Don't See"
- 1980 "When I'm On, I'm On"
- 1981 "And Then She Kissed Me" #39 UK
- 1981 "All That Glitters" #48 UK
- 1982 "Dedicated Man"
- 1984 "Dance Me Up" #25 UK
- 1984 "Another Rock N' Roll Christmas" #7 UK
- 1985 "Love Comes" #91 UK (Charted for 3 weeks)
- 1987 "Rock & Roll Part 3"
- 1987 "Gary Glitter & Girlschool - I'm The Leader Of The Gang" #12 AUS
- 1988 "Frontiers of Style"
1990s
- 1990 "Red Hot (Reputation) UK #87 (Charted for 1 month)
- 1991 "Ready to Rock"
- 1992 "Rock On" #58 UK
- 1992 "Through The Years" #49 UK
- 1995 "House of the Rising Sun" #15 NZ
- 1995 "Hello, Hello I'm Back Again (Again!) #50 UK
2000s
- 2001 "You" Fan Club Single - Mail Order Only
- 2004 "Control" Fan Club Single - Mail Order Only
- 2005 "Field of Dreams"
Covers/samples
- 1980 Holiday 80 EP by The Human League (includes cover of "Rock and Roll" as
part of a medley with Iggy Pop's "Nightclubbing")
- 1984 "I Love You Love" by Joan Jett and the Blackhearts (US)
- 1988 "KLF - Doctorin' the Tardis" by The Timelords Featuring Gary Glitter #1 UK
(features samples of "Rock and Roll (Parts 1 and 2)")
- 1989 "Let's Party" Jive Bunny and the Mastermixers #1 UK (features a
sample of Glitter's "Another Rock 'N Roll Christmas")
- 1995 "Hello" by Oasis (is partly copied from "Hello, Hello, I'm Back Again")
Studio albums
Live albums
- (1974) Remember Me This Way #5 UK (live/soundtrack)
- (1988) The Gang, the Band, the Leader
- (1990) Live and Alive
- (2005) Live in Concert
Compilations
- (1976) Greatest Hits #33 UK
- (1977) I Love You Love Me Love
- (1979) Always Yours
- (1980) Leader
- (1981) Golden Greats
- (1987) C'mon, C'mon ... It's the Gary Glitter Party Album
- (1992) Many Happy Returns #35 UK
- (1995) 20 Greatest Hits
- (1997) The Ultimate Gary Glitter (AKA 25 Years of Hits)
- (1998) Rock and Roll - Gary Glitters Greatest Hits
- (2003) The Early Years
- (2005) The Remixes
- (2006) The Best of Gary Glitter
Partial filmography
- (1974) Remember Me This Way
A cinema film, documenting Glitter's 1973 Christmas tour, issued on DVD in 2005.
- (1980) Live at The Rainbow
VHS release of Glitter performing his greatest hits and new songs in concert, issued on DVD in
2006.
- (1983) Heinz Soup Commercial
Glitter in a humorous commercial for Heinz lentil
soup. Features a voice-over by Alan Freeman.
Comedy sketch show featuring Glitter as a special guest star.
Glitter is presented the big red book by Michael Aspel in this show which honours him
after 30 years in showbusiness. When Aspel approached him Gary ran away and had to be persuaded to take part.
Glitter hosts his own chat show.
- (1996) Clive Anderson All Talk
Chat show with Glitter as a guest.
- (1996) MasterCard Masters of Music Concert for the Prince's Trust
Live performance.
Glitter also made regular appearances on many other TV shows, including, but not
restricted to, Top of the Pops (1970s - 1990s), Supersonic (1970s), TVAM (1980s) and GMTV (1990s). His music has also been used in many commercials, TV shows and movies. An incomplete list of this
can be found at www.imdb.com.
See also
Notes
External links
Further reading
- Glitter, Gary Leader: The Autobiography of Gary Glitter (Ebury Press, 1991). ISBN.
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