The first European explorers to reach the Gilbert Islands were Captain Thomas Gilbert of the Charlotte and Captain John Marshall of the Scarborough in 1788. However, they didn't try to land on any of the islands, and they weren't even known as "the Gilbert Islands" back then.
In 1820, Adam Johann von Krusenstern, an Estonian admiral of the Russian czar, named them the îles Gilbert (the Gilbert Islands) and the nearby îles Marshall (the Marshall Islands) in French.