Dictionary:

gin¹

  (jĭn)

A strong colorless alcoholic beverage made by distilling or redistilling rye or other grain spirits and adding juniper berries or aromatics such as anise, caraway seeds, or angelica root as flavoring.

[Alteration of geneva, from Dutch jenever, from Middle Dutch geniver, juniper, from Old French geneivre, from Vulgar Latin *iiniperus, from Latin iūniperus.]

1. Any of several machines or devices, especially:
   1. A machine for hoisting or moving heavy objects.
   2. A pile driver.
   3. A snare or trap for game.
   4. A pump operated by a windmill.
2. A cotton gin.

1. To remove the seeds from (cotton) with a cotton gin.
2. To trap in a gin.

[Middle English, from Old French, short for engin, skill. See engine.]

Gin rummy.

Alcoholic drink made by distilling fermented cereal, flavoured mainly with juniper berries together with coriander seeds, angelica, cinnamon, orange and lemon peel, and sometimes other botanicals. Distillate is diluted to 40% alcohol by volume, 220 kcal (925 kJ) per 100 mL. The name is derived from the French genièvre (juniper); originally known as geneva, Schiedam, or hollands, since it is Dutch in origin.

There are two types of English gin: Plymouth gin, with a fuller flavour, and London gin. Plymouth gin has a protected designation, and legally may only be distilled in Plymouth (Devon); it is made by adding the botanicals to the still, while for London gin the botanical extracts are added to the distilled liquor. Dutch and German gins are more strongly flavoured than English or American; steinhäger and schinkenhäger are distilled from a mash of wheat, barley, and juniper berries; wacholder is made from neutral spirit flavoured with juniper. Dutch gin may be jonge (young) or oude (aged, matured).

Pink gin is gin mixed with angostura bitters.

[JIHN] Made from grain (such as barley, corn or rye), gin is first distilled (see distillation) to a desired alcohol level, then re-distilled with juniper berries and other botanicals (such as angelica, anise, caraway seed, cardamom, cassia bark, citrus peel, coriander seeds, ginger, licorice and orris root) to extract the desired flavors. Distilled water is then added to adjust the alcohol concentration to somewhere between 80 and 95 proof. The two primary styles of gin are Dutch and dry. Dutch gin, also known as Hollands, Genever, Jenever and Schiedam gin, is typically made from equal parts of malted (see malt) barley, corn and rye. It has a slightly sweet, malty character and is generally fuller flavored than dry gin. There are two styles of Dutch gin: Oude ("old") has a stronger flavor from a higher proportion of barley than the Jonge ("young") style, which is lighter in both flavor and texture. Dry gin-the preferred choice for most gin drinkers-is made primarily from corn with a small percentage of malted barley and other grains. It's typically dry (not sweet), aromatic and moderately light in flavor and body. Dry gins made in England (where this style originated) commonly have a slightly higher alcohol content and are more flavorful than American-made gins. Labels indicating "English Dry Gin," "London Dry Gin" or "London Extra Dry Gin" allude to the gin's style, not where it was produced. Plymouth gin (also called Plym), a dry gin made only in Plymouth, England, is fuller bodied, smoother and stronger flavored than London styles. Golden gin has been aged briefly in wood (although aging is not standard practice for most gin), which contributes a light golden color to the normally colorless spirit. Old Tom Gin, a sweetened English-made gin is hard to find outside of Britain. sloe gin isn't actually gin, but a liqueur.

For more information on gin, visit Britannica.com.

This article is about the beverage. For other uses, see Gin (disambiguation).

Gin and tonic. Pictured with gin brand, Bombay Gin and tonic brand Cadbury Schweppes

Gin is a spirit flavoured with juniper berries. Distilled gin is made by redistilling white grain spirit which has been flavoured with juniper berries. Compound gin is made by flavouring neutral grain spirit with juniper berries without redistilling and can be considered a flavoured vodka.

The most common style of gin, typically used for mixed drinks, is London dry gin. London dry gin is made by taking a neutral grain spirit (usually produced in a column still) and redistilling after the botanicals are added. In addition to juniper, it is usually made with a small amount of citrus botanicals like lemon and bitter orange peel. Other botanicals that may be used include anise, angelica root and seed, orris root, licorice root, cinnamon, coriander, and cassia bark.

Other types of distilled gin include jonge- and oude- Jenever or Genever (young and old Dutch gin), Plymouth gin, and Old Tom gin. Compound gin is gin where the juniper flavouring is added to the neutral spirit and there is no redistillation. Sloe gin is a common ready-sweetened form of gin that is traditionally made by infusing sloes (the fruit of the blackthorn) in gin. Similar infusions are possible with other fruits.

A well-made gin will be relatively dry compared to other spirits. Gin is often mixed in cocktails with sweeter ingredients like tonic water or vermouth to balance this dryness.

History

Gin originated in the Netherlands in the 17th century. Its invention is often credited to the physician Franciscus Sylvius. It spread to England after the Glorious Revolution put William of Orange on the British throne. Dutch gin, also known as jenever or genever, is a distinctly different drink from English-style gin; it is distilled with barley and sometimes aged in wood, giving it a slight resemblance to whisky. Schiedam, in South Holland, is famous for its jenever. Jenever is produced in a pot still and is typically lower in alcohol and more strongly flavoured than London gin^{[citation needed]}.

Hogarth's Gin Lane

Gin became very popular in England after the government allowed unlicensed gin production and at the same time imposed a heavy duty on all imported spirits. This created a market for poor-quality grain that was unfit for brewing beer, and thousands of gin-shops sprang up all over England. By 1740 the production of gin had increased to six times that of beer, and because of its cheapness it became extremely popular with the poor^{[citation needed]}. Of the 15,000 drinking establishments in London, over half were gin-shops. Beer maintained a healthy reputation as it was often safer to drink the brewed ale than unclean plain water. Gin, though, was blamed for various social and medical problems, and it may have been a factor in the high death rate that caused London's previously increasing population to remain stable. The reputation of the two drinks was illustrated by William Hogarth in his engravings Beer Street and Gin Lane (1751). This negative reputation survives today in the English language, in terms like "gin-mills" to describe disreputable bars or "gin-soaked" to refer to drunks, and in the phrase "Mother's Ruin," a common British name for gin.

The Gin Act 1736 imposed high taxes on retailers and led to riots in the streets. The prohibitive duty was gradually reduced and finally abolished in 1742. The Gin Act 1751 was more successful, however. It forced distillers to sell only to licensed retailers and brought gin-shops under the jurisdiction of local magistrates. Gin in the 18th century was produced in pot stills, and was somewhat sweeter than the London gin known today.

In London in the early eighteenth century, gin sold on the black market was prepared in illicit stills (of which there were 1500 in 1726) and was often adulterated with turpentine and sulphuric acid. [1] As late as 1913 Webster's Dictionary states without further comment that 'Common gin is usually flavored with turpentine.' [2]

The column still was invented in 1832, and the "London dry" style was developed later in the 19th century. In tropical British colonies, gin was used to mask the bitter flavour of quinine, a protection against malaria, which was dissolved in carbonated water to form tonic water. This was the origin of today's popular gin and tonic combination, even though quinine is no longer used against malaria, nor would it be necessary for the majority of today's consumers of the drink.

Gin is a popular base spirit for many mixed drinks, including the martini. Secretly produced "bathtub gin" was commonly available in the speakeasies and "blind pigs" of Prohibition-era America due to the relative simplicity of the production method. Gin remained popular as the basis of many cocktails after the repeal of Prohibition.

The National Gin Museum is in Hasselt, Belgium.

Cocktails with gin

Apoica Gimlet - gin and lime juice Gin and Tonic - gin and tonic water Gin Rickey - gin and carbonated water Gin Fizz Gin bucket Gin Milk Punch - gin and Milk Long Island Iced Tea

Maiden's Prayer Martini - gin and vermouth Negroni Orange Blossom - Plymouth gin and orange juice Pimm's N°1. Pink Gin Punkdutch Presbyterian

Ramos gin fizz Salty Dog Satan's Whiskers Singapore Sling Tin Roof Tom Collins London Mule Uncle Makee - gin and diet cola with lime

Other common mixers include orange soda, lemon juice, pomegranate juice, grapefruit juice, ginger ale, bitter lemon, ginger beer, cranberry juice, Kool-Aid, Fresca, Wink, 7up, and Dr Pepper.

Brands of gin

Premium / famous brands

209 Gin - produced in San Francisco by Distillery No. 209 Aristocrat gin Aviation Gin - produced in Portland, Oregon by House Spirits Bafferts Gin - Triple-distilled with four botanicals in England Barton Gin Beefeater - first produced in 1820 Bellringer Gin - English gin Blackwood's Superior Nordic Vintage Dry Gin Blue Riband BOLS - Dutch jenever Bombadier Military Gin Bombay - distilled with eight botanicals Bombay Sapphire - distilled with ten botanicals Boodles British Gin Boomsma Jonge Genevere Gin Booth's - first produced in 1790 by Sir Felix Booth Broker's Premium London Dry Gin Bulldog Gin - infused with Poppy and Dragon Eye. Burnett's Gin - based on a 1770 recipe by Sir Robert Burnett Caballito - Panamanian gin Cadenhead's Old Raj Gin - 110 proof gin with saffron, imparting a slight yellowish/greenish tint Calvert Gin Cascade Mountain Gin - uses hand-picked wild juniper berries, distilled in Oregon Citadelle - distilled with nineteen botanicals in France City of London Gin - distilled at one of two remaining distilleries in London, UK. Coldstream Cork Dry Gin Damrak Amsterdam Dirty Olive - olive-flavored DH Krahn Gin - produced in Northern California Downings - produced in New Zealand Eyguebelle - a French gin using predominately of orange peel Fleischman's - American gin Gale Force - Nantucket, Massachusetts, 88.8 proof Geek Gin Gilbey's London Dry Gin Gin Bulag - produced in the Philippines, loosely translated as "Gin That Makes You Go Blind." Gin Llave - produced in Argentina Gin Lubuski Gin Xoriguer - produced in Minorca

Ginebra San Miguel - produced in the Philippines Glen's Gin Gordon's - "by appointment to Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II of Great Britain" Greenall's Hamptons Gin Hayman's 1820 Gin Liqueur - a sweetened classic London distilled gin. Hayman's Old Tom Gin - a re-creation of the lightly sweetened Old Tom Gin recipe, popular in the 18th and 19th century Hendrick's Gin - infused with cucumber, coriander, citrus peel and rose petals. Iceberg Gin - made with iceberg water Juniper Green Organic Gin - first gin made from all organic ingredients in England with four botanicals Junipero Gin - produced in San Francisco, California by Anchor Steam Brewery Larios - produced in Spain Leyden Dry Gin - distilled three times in small batches, twice in column stills then in a pot still London Silk Magellan Gin - a blue coloured gin, from Iris root McCormick Gin Martin Miller's Gin - London dry gin Mr. Boston Phillips Dry Gin - English gin since 1963 North Shore Distillery Distiller's Gin No. 6 - North Shore Distillery Pink 47 London Dry Gin - in a diamond shaped bottle see Pink 47 Plymouth - first distilled in 1793 Quintessential Raffles Gin - Ian Macleod Distillers Ltd Sarticious Gin - Dutch style gin distilled in Santa Cruz, California, orange and cilantro Seagram's Gin Silver Wolf Gin Smeets - Belgian brand, also produce fruit flavoured gins "Jenèvre de fruits" South Gin - from New Zealand using New Zealand-native manuka berries and kawa kawa leaves Steinhäger Swordsman Taaka - a London dry gin with a "secret formula" Tanqueray Tanqueray Rangpur - distilled with the botanical rangpur lime No.10 from Tanqueray Toojburn's Signature Van Gogh Gin - Dutch gin distilled twice in column stills then in a traditional pot still Whitley Neill London Dry Gin - contains two African botanicals, the fruit of the Baobab tree (the "Tree of Life") and the Cape Gooseberry Uganda Waragi - triple distilled Ugandan Gin

Historical brands

• Fleischmann's Gin - Marketed as the original American gin, first distilled in 1870^[1]

See also

• List of cocktails

References

• Deegan, Grant (Fall 1999). "From the bathtub to the boardroom: gin and its history". MY2K: Martini 2000 1 (1). 
• Dillon, Patrick (2002). The Much-lamented Death of Madam Geneva: The Eighteenth-century Gin Craze. London: Review. ISBN 0-7472-3545-7. 

1. ^ Fleischmann's Gin

External links

• A thorough article about the history and types of gin
• Gin in Victorian London
• Recipes with Gin
• Gin news page - Alcohol and Drugs History Society
• Gin: The Spirit of England
• Weblixr — User controlled alcoholic drink database

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ksh:Gin

This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)

Dansk (Danish)
1.
n. - gin

idioms:

• gin mill    knejpe, værtshus, bar

2.
n. - rensemaskine til bomuld, løftebuk, fælde, done, egreneringsmaskine, læssebuk, treben
v. tr. - fange i en fælde, fange i en done, egrenere, gå ud med gin

3.
n. - gin-rummy

4.
n. - indfødt kvinde, hunkænguru

Nederlands (Dutch)
gin, val, ontkorrelmachine (katoen), windas, inheemse Australische vrouw, vangen/strikken, ontkorrelen (katoen)

Français (French)
1.
n. - (GB) gin-vermouth, (GB) banlieue résidentielle aisée (des grandes villes du Sud de l'Angleterre)

idioms:

• gin mill    bistro, saloon (péj)

2.
n. - égreneuse
v. tr. - égrener (du coton)

3.
n. - gin-rami

4.
n. - (Austral) femme aborigène (péj)

Deutsch (German)
1.
n. - Gin, Wacholderschnaps

idioms:

• gin mill    Kneipe, Spelunke

2.
n. - Falle, Schlinge
v. - fangen, mit einer Schlinge fangen

3.
n. - Romme

4.
n. - (Austral) verheiratete Eingeborene

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - εκκοκκιστική μηχανή βαμβακιού, τζιν (ποτό)
v. - εκκοκκίζω βαμβάκι

idioms:

• gin mill    εκκοκκιστήριο βάμβακος

Italiano (Italian)
gin, tagliola

idioms:

• gin mill    taverna

Português (Portuguese)
n. - gim (m), descaroçadora (f) de algodão (Mec.), armadilha (f)
v. - descaroçar algodão, pegar em armadilha

idioms:

• gin mill    pub (m)

Русский (Russian)
джин (алкогольный напиток), западня, хлопкоочистительная машина, подъемная лебедка, ловить в западню, очищать хлопок, искусство, изобретательность

idioms:

• gin mill    неприличная выпивнушка

Español (Spanish)
1.
n. - bebida alcohólica, ginebra

idioms:

• gin mill    cantina, taberna

2.
n. - cepo, trampa, máquina para separar la fibra del algodón de las semillas
v. tr. - atrapar animales con trampas, limpiar el algodón de semillas

3.
n. - juego de cartas para dos jugadores

4.
n. - mujer o esposa aborigen (Australia)

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - gin, snara, lyftbock, (bomulls)rensningsmaskin (tekn.), infödingskvinna (austral.)
v. - snärja, rensa

中文（简体） (Chinese (Simplified))
1. 杜松子酒

idioms:

• gin mill    低级酒吧

2. 轧棉机, 轧花机, 罗网, 轧棉厂, 轧花厂, 陷阱, 用轧棉机清除的籽, 轧棉, 诱捕

3. 陷阱

中文（繁體） (Chinese (Traditional))
1.
n. - 陷阱

2.
n. - 軋棉機, 軋花機, 羅網, 軋棉廠, 軋花廠, 陷阱
v. tr. - 用軋棉機清除的籽, 軋棉, 誘捕

3.
n. - 杜松子酒

idioms:

• gin mill    低級酒吧

한국어 (Korean)
1.
n. - (술의 일종) 진

2.
n. - 조면기, 덫, 기계
v. tr. - 조면기로 빼다, 덫으로 잡다

3.
n. - (카드 놀이의 일종) 진러미

4.
n. - (오스트레일리아) 원주민 여자

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - ジン, 綿繰り機, 罠
v. - わなで捕らえる, 罠にかける

idioms:

• gin mill    酒場

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) شرك, الجن : شراب مسكر (فعل) يوقع في شرك, يحلج القطن‏

עברית (Hebrew)
n. - ‮ג'ין (משקה)‬
n. - ‮מנפטה, מלכודת, מנוף‬
v. tr. - ‮לכד, הפריד (כותנה)‬
n. - ‮משחק קלפים‬
n. - ‮ילידה באוסטרליה‬

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