given

(gĭv'ən)
v.
Past participle of give.

adj.

1. 1. Specified; fixed: We will meet at a given time and location.
   2. Granted as a supposition; acknowledged or assumed: Given the condition of the engine, it is a wonder that it even starts.
2. Having a tendency; inclined: My neighbor is given to lavish spending.
3. Bestowed as a gift; presented.
4. Law. Issued on a specified date. Used of legal documents.

n.
Something assumed or taken for granted. Often used in the plural.

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These are used as a preposition and conjunction (introducing a subordinate clause) respectively with the meaning '(it being) granted or assumed (that)'. The history of their use shows them to be free of the need to be attached to a particular subject, and so they are not so-called 'unattached participles' (see participles 3, ⁴). In the following modern examples, given is grammatically free of the subject of the main clause in each case: (preposition)

He didn't think that, given her ambitions and temperament, she would enjoy it—A. West, 1984

There are doubts over the quality of the player he will be able to attract, given the uncertainty hanging over the north London club—Daily Telegraph, 2007

(conjunction) Given how busy the Spanish monarchs were in the 1480s, it's a wonder they gave Columbus any notice at all—Chicago Tribune, 1988

The sectors which are now almost wholly dependent on crude...will be forced to contract. Given that climate change caused by burning oil is cooking the planet, this might appear to be a good thing—Guardian, 2003.

A given (as a noun) is a term from philosophy evidently first used by William James in 1879 (If the philosopher fails to find a satisfactory formula of exorcism for his datum, the only thing he can do is to...assume the Given as his necessary ultimate) and now used more generally in the sense 'a known or established fact or situation'.

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adjective

Having or showing a tendency or likelihood: apt, disposed, inclined, liable, likely, prone. See likely/unlikely.

adj

Definition: likely
Antonyms: disinclined, unlikely

For a list of words related to given, see:

• Reflections and References

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See words rhyming with "given."

  See crossword solutions for the clue Given.

Dansk (Danish)
adj. - givet, skænket
prep. - på grundlag af, tage hensyn til
n. - noget givet

idioms:

• given name    fornavn

Nederlands (Dutch)
gegeven, geneigd, gedateerd, (aan)gezien

Français (French)
adj. - donné, avoir tendance à
prep. - étant donné, (Math) soit, à supposer que
n. - tendance, fait connu

idioms:

• given name    prénom

Deutsch (German)
prep. - im Hinblick auf, angesichts
n. - Gegebenheit, Faktum
adj. - gegeben, ergeben, vorausgesetzt

idioms:

• given name    Vorname

Ελληνική (Greek)
prep. - δεδομένου (ότι)
n. - δεδομένο
adj. - δεδομένος

idioms:

• given name    βαπτιστικό/μικρό όνομα

Italiano (Italian)
dato

idioms:

• given name    nome proprio di persona

Português (Portuguese)
prep. - dado de presente, propenso, emitido em uma data específica
n. - dado (m) (Mat.)
adj. - fixado, determinado

idioms:

• given name    nome (m) de batismo

Русский (Russian)
нечто данное, факт, данный, подаренный, обусловленный, склонный, при наличии, с учетом

idioms:

• given name    имя (в противоположность фамилии)

Español (Spanish)
adj. - conocido, supuesto, determinado, fijado, aficionado a, regalado
prep. - en vista de, dado que
n. - hecho, condición o factor establecido

idioms:

• given name    nombre de pila

Svenska (Swedish)
prep. - givet (att), förutsatt (att), daterad (i officiella skrivelser)
n. - det givna, det antagna
adj. - given, bestämd

中文（简体）(Chinese (Simplified))
赠予的, 约定的, 沉溺的, 如果有, 考虑到, 假如, 假定的事实, 已知的事实

idioms:

• given name    名

中文（繁體）(Chinese (Traditional))
adj. - 贈予的, 約定的, 沈溺的
prep. - 如果有, 考慮到, 假如
n. - 假定的事實, 已知的事實

idioms:

• given name    名

한국어 (Korean)
adj. - 주어진, 일정한, 버릇이 있는
prep. - 주어진
n. - 가정

日本語 (Japanese)
adj. - 与えられた, 一定の, …にふける, 習慣がある, 既知の, 作成された

idioms:

• be given the floor    発言権を得る
• be given to understand    知らせる
• get/be given the gate    拒否する, 解雇する
• given name    洗礼名

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) شيء مفترض, محدد (صفه) محدد, مفترض‏

עברית (Hebrew)
adj. - ‮נתון, מוסכם, מסויים‬
prep. - ‮בהנחה ש-‬
n. - ‮נתון, עובדה‬

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