glockenspiel

[German : Glocken, pl. of Glocke, bell (from Middle High German , from Old High German glocka, of imitative origin) + Spiel, play; see spiel.]

For more information on glockenspiel, visit Britannica.com.

A percussion instrument with tuned metal (usually steel) bars, arranged like the piano keyboard. Most orchestral glockenspiels are of the open type, played with beaters; the keyboard type, inferior in tone, is now rare. The open type has two standard patterns with a range of g″ to c‴′ and c″ to c‴′. The keyboard type has a compass of two and a quarter to two and a half octaves, and the bars are struck from below by small metal hammers. (For illustration, see Percussion instruments).

The glockenspiel's earliest use is in Handel's Saul (1739): Handel's instrument (called ‘carillon’) had a keyboard. Glockenspiels played with beaters entered the orchestra in the mid-19th century. Modern models (often called simply ‘glock’ or ‘bells’) may have a foot-operated damping mechanism or movable suspension to affect the resonance. Its music is notated in the treble clef, usually two octaves lower than sounding.

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Most orchestral glockenspiels are mounted in a case.

A musician playing a bell lyre at front left; Sousaphone at behind right.

A glockenspiel [German Glocken (bells) + spielen (to play)] is a percussion instrument, composed of a set of tuned keys arranged in the fashion of the keyboard of a piano. In this way, it is similar to the xylophone; however, the xylophone's bars are made of wood, while the glockenspiel's are metal, thus making it a metallophone. The glockenspiel, moreover, is usually smaller and higher in pitch.

In the German language, a carillon is also called a Glockenspiel.

When used in a marching or military band, the bars are sometimes mounted in a portable case and held vertically, sometimes in a lyre-shaped frame. In orchestral use, the bars are mounted horizontally. A pair of hard, unwrapped mallets, generally with heads made of plastic or metal, are used to strike the bars, although mallet heads can also be made of rubber. If laid out horizontally, a keyboard may be attached to the instrument to allow chords to be more easily played.

The glockenspiel's range is limited to the upper register, and usually covers about two and a half to three octaves. The glockenspiel is a transposing instrument; its parts are written two octaves below concert pitch. When struck, the bars give a very pure, bell-like sound.

Glockenspiels are still quite popular and appear in almost all genres of music ranging from hip-hop to jazz.

One classical piece where the glockenspiel is used is Mozart's Die Zauberflöte. (This part, like many others, calls for a keyboard glockenspiel. The part is sometimes performed on a celesta, which, however, sounds quite different from the intended effect.) A modern example of the glockenspiel is Steve Reich's 1974 composition Drumming, in which the glockenspiel becomes a major instrument in the 3rd and 4th movements.^[1]

Other instruments which work on the same struck-bar principle as the glockenspiel include the marimba and the vibraphone. There are also many glockenspiel-like instruments in Indonesian gamelan ensembles.

References

1. ^ http://www.mallet-percussion.com/vibes.html

External links

Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Glockenspiel.

• Glockenspiel at the Vienna Symphonic Library
• Royalschoolsources Percussion Pages Online sources for the prescribed music of the Royal Schools of Music practical exams

Percussion portal

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Dansk (Danish)
n. - klokkespil

Nederlands (Dutch)
klokkenspel

Français (French)
n. - (Mus) carillon, glockenspiel

Deutsch (German)
n. - Glockenspiel

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - (μουσ.) γκλόκενσπιλ

Italiano (Italian)
campana da orchestra, triangolo musicale

Português (Portuguese)
n. - espécie de xilofone (f) (Mús.)

Русский (Russian)
ксилофон

Español (Spanish)
n. - órgano de campanas, juego de timbres, instrumento musical (especialmente de bandas)

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - klockspel (mus.)

中文（简体）(Chinese (Simplified))
钟琴, 钟乐器

中文（繁體）(Chinese (Traditional))
n. - 鐘琴, 鐘樂器

한국어 (Korean)
n. - (철금) 글로켄슈필

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - グロッケンシュピール, 鉄琴

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) آله موسيقيه‏

עברית (Hebrew)
n. - ‮כלי נגינה עשוי פעמונים, פעמונייה‬

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