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Graham Greene

, Writer
Graham Greene
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  • Born: 2 October 1904
  • Birthplace: Berkhampsted, Hertfordshire, England
  • Died: 3 April 1991
  • Best Known As: Author of The Honorary Consul and The Third Man

Name at birth: Henry Graham Greene

Graham Greene was one of the most popular and critically acclaimed authors of the 20th century, a British writer whose work had both popular and critical appeal. By his own claim, Greene wrote both "entertainments" and "serious novels," many of them political thrillers. An editor, essayist, playwright and novelist, Greene's most famous works include Brighton Rock (1938), The Quiet American (1955), Our Man in Havana (1958) and The Honorary Consul (1973). He had a long association with the movies, and was involved in This Gun for Hire (1942, with Alan Ladd), The Third Man (1949, starring Orson Welles) and Loser Takes All (1956).

Graham's mother was a cousin to British writer Robert Louis Stevenson.

 
 
Writer:

Graham Greene

  • Born: Oct 02, 1904 in Berkhamsted, England
  • Died: Apr 03, 1991 in Corseaux-sur-Vevey, France
  • Occupation: Writer
  • Active: '30s-2000s
  • Major Genres: Drama, Crime
  • Career Highlights: The Third Man, The Fallen Idol, Brighton Rock
  • First Major Screen Credit: Orient Express (1934)

Biography

Oxford-educated author/essayist Graham Greene published his first major novel, Stamboul Train, in 1932; two years later, the novel became the first of a multitude of Greene works to be adapted for the screen. Incredibly prolific, Greene divided his books into two classifications. His "Entertainments" were his bread-and-butter mysteries, espionage thrillers and psychological melodramas, examples of which include This Gun for Hire and Our Man in Havana; and his "Novels" were such deeper and (to him) more meaningful works as The Power and the Glory (filmed by John Ford as The Fugitive in 1948) and Brighton Rock. From 1935 to 1940, he was film critic for The Spectator, gaining fame for championing such "populist" entertainers as Laurel and Hardy. During this period, he also served as literary editor of Night and Day.

While Greene adapted many of his own fictional works for films--with particularly laudable results in the cases of two Carol Reed-directed pictures, The Third Man (1949) and The Fallen Idol (1949), the latter project earning the writer an Academy Award nomination--Greene was generally unhappy with the movie versions; the 1958 filmization of The Quiet American, completely distorted Greene's spin on the tinderbox political situation in Southeast Asia in favor of a flag-waving pro-American stance, and in the TV-series version of The Third Man, the wholly amoral and nihilistic Harry Lime was converted into a grown-up boy scout. In 1972, a collection of Graham Greene's Spectator movie reviews were gathered together in the British anthology The Pleasure Dome (published in the U.S. as Greene and Film); and in 1990, a full-length assessment of his screen work, titled Travels in Greenland: The Cinema of Graham Greene, was written by Quentin Falk. Graham Greene's screen credits should not be confused with those of the Native American character actor of the same name. ~ Hal Erickson, All Movie Guide

 
Biography: Graham Greene

The works of the English novelist and dramatist Graham Greene (1904-1991) explore different permutations of morality and amorality in modern society, and often feature exotic settings in different parts of the world. A storyteller with a spare and elegant style, he divided his literary output into two categories. The first identified his long, serious works as "novels", while the second, which he called "entertainments", were shorter, taut-paced political thrillers with boldly-defined characters designed to satisfy the reader whose main concern is plot rather than theme. He also wrote screenplays and dramas, but they have not stood the test of time as steadfastly as his fiction, which has been translated into 27 languages.

Graham Greene was born on October 2, 1904, in Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire, in England. He was one of six children born to Charles Henry Greene, headmaster of Berkhamsted School, and Marion R. Greene. He did not enjoy his childhood, often preferring to skip classes rather than endure the baiting of his fellow students. When Greene suffered a mental collapse, his parents sent him to London for psychotherapy administered by a student of the famous Sigmund Freud. While he was living there, he became a voracious reader and began to write poetry. Ezra Pound and Gertrude Stein became lifelong mentors to him before he returned to high school.

After graduating in 1922, Greene went on to Oxford University's Balliol College. When he was a junior in 1924, he contacted the German embassy and offered to write some pro-German articles for an Oxford paper. Intrigued, an embassy official accepted his offer, and sent him on an all-expenses-paid trip to the Rhineland, where Germany and France were vying for superiority in the creation of a separatist republic. As promised, Greene returned from Germany and wrote an article favoring Germany in the Oxford Chronicle of May 9, 1924.

His next attempt to enliven his studies brought him to a flirtation with the Communist party, which he abandoned after a mere six weeks, though he later wrote sympathetic profiles of Fidel Castro and Ho Chi Minh. Otherwise, Greene spent his vacations at Oxford roaming the English countryside. Despite all these efforts to distract himself from his studies, he graduated from Oxford in 1925 with a second-class pass in history, and a slender, badly-received volume of poetry with the effusive title Babbling April.

The following year Greene decided to convert from Anglicanism to Roman Catholicism, the religion of his fiancee. The shift brought him a new perspective in his search for the origins of human morality and amorality.

The same year he began his professional writing career as an unpaid apprentice for the Nottingham Journal, moving on later to become a subeditor for the London Times. The experience was a positive one for him, and he held this position until the publication of his first novel, The Man Within (1929). Here he began to develop the characteristic themes he later pursued so effectively: betrayal, pursuit, and the yearning for death.

His next works, Name of Action (1931) and Rumour at Nightfall (1931), were not well-received by critics, but Greene regained their respect with the first book he classed as an entertainment. Called Stamboul Train in England, it was published in 1932 in the United States as Orient Express. The story revolves around a group of travelers on the Orient Express, a setting mysterious enough to permit a large helping of melodrama and grotesque character-building. Journey without Maps, published in 1936, was a travelogue, detailing Greene's fascination with the lush and decadent outposts of colonization.

Major Themes

Twelve years after his conversion, Greene published Brighton Rock (1938), a novel with a highly melodramatic plot full of sexual and violent imagery that explored the interplay between abnormal behavior and morality.

The entertainment The Confidential Agent was published in 1939, as was the work The Lawless Roads, a journal of Greene's travels in Mexico in 1938. Here he had seen widespread persecution of Catholic priests, which he documented in his journal along with a description of a drunken priest's execution. The incident made such an impression upon him that this victim became the hero of The Power and the Glory, the novel considered by Greene to be his best.

Later Life

During the years of World War II Greene slipped out of England and went to West Africa to do some clandestine intelligence work for the British Government. The result, a novel called The Heart of the Matter appeared in 1948, and greatly appealed to American readers.

Steadily, Greene produced a succession of works that received both praise and crtiticism. He was considered for the Nobel Prize but failed to become a candidate. Still, many other honors were bestowed upon him, including a 1966 accolade from Queen Elizabeth as a Companion of Honor, and the Order of Merit, a much higher honor, in 1986.

In 1979 Greene underwent surgery for intestinal cancer, but had no lasting ill-effects. However, in 1990, he was stricken with an unspecified blood disease so debilitating that he decided to move from his home in Antibes, the South of France, to Vevey, Switzerland, so that he could be closer to his daughter. He lingered until the beginning of spring, then died on April 3rd, 1991, in La Povidence Hospital.

Further Reading

Full-length studies of Greene include John A. Atkins, Graham Greene (1957; rev. ed. 1966); Francis L. Kunkel, The Labyrinthine Ways of Graham Greene (1959); Lynette Kohn, Graham Greene, The Major Novels (1961); A. A. De Vitis, Graham Greene (1964); and David Lodge, Graham Greene (1966). For a variety of opinions on Greene's work see Robert O. Evans, ed., Graham Greene: Some Critical Considerations (1963). François Mauriac, Men I Hold Great (1951), discusses Greene.

Additional Sources

Shelden, Michael, Graham Greene: The Enemy Within, Random House, 1994.

New York Times, (April 4, 1991).

 
Britannica Concise Encyclopedia: Henry Graham Greene

(born Oct. 2, 1904, Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire, Eng. — died April 3, 1991, Vevey, Switz.) British author. After studying at the University of Oxford, he converted to Roman Catholicism in 1926. Beginning c. 1930 he worked principally as a freelance journalist for several decades, during which he traveled widely. Stamboul Train (1932; also titled Orient Express; film, 1934) was the first of his "entertainments," thrillers with considerable moral complexity and depth; others included A Gun for Sale (1936; also titled This Gun for Hire; film, 1942), The Confidential Agent (1939; film, 1945), and The Third Man (1949; film, 1949). His finest novels — Brighton Rock (1938; film, 1948), The Power and the Glory (1940; film, 1962), The Heart of the Matter (1948; film, 1954), and The End of the Affair (1951; film, 1999) — all have distinctly religious themes. Several of his novels set in "third-world" nations on the brink of political upheaval were also adapted as films.

For more information on Henry Graham Greene, visit Britannica.com.

 
British History: Graham Greene

Greene, Graham (1904-91). One of the most versatile, prolific, and popular writers of the mid-20th cent., Greene was born at Berkhamsted (Herts.), where his father was headmaster of the public school, and educated at Balliol College, Oxford. He converted to catholicism at the time of his marriage in 1927. Greene published a book of verse, Babbling April, in 1925, and followed with a historical novel, The Man Within, in 1929. Next he produced a series of thrillers (‘entertainments’) starting with Stamboul Train (1932) and continuing to The Third Man (1950), made into a remarkable film. Increasingly Greene explored the world of catholic guilt in Brighton Rock (1938), The Power and the Glory (1940), The Heart of the Matter (1948), and The End of the Affair (1951). His themes of ambiguity, betrayal, and seediness reflected and appealed to his own times.

 
Columbia Encyclopedia: Greene, Graham
(Henry Graham Greene), 1904–91, English novelist and playwright. Although most of his works combine elements of the detective story, the spy thriller, and the psychological drama, his novels are essentially parables of the damned. Greene's heroes realize their sins and achieve salvation only through great pain and soul-searching agony. A Roman Catholic convert, he was intensely concerned with the moral problems of humans in relation to God. Some of his 26 novels have been ranked as thrillers, and Greene himself called such works as Stamboul Train (1932; U.S. title, Orient Express) and The Ministry of Fear (1943) “entertainments” to distinguish them from his more serious efforts. His major works, which include Brighton Rock (1938), The Power and the Glory (1940), The Heart of the Matter (1948), and The End of the Affair (1951), mark him as a novelist of high distinction.

Greene was a superb journalist, a sometime British spy, and a world traveler. Many of his novels are set in locations with which he had personal experience, sites often of topical journalistic interest: The Quiet American (1955) a prescient account of early American involvement in Vietnam; Our Man in Havana (1958), set in Cuba; A Burnt-Out Case (1961), in the Belgian Congo just before its independence; The Comedians (1966), in François Duvalier's Haiti; and The Captain and the Enemy (1980), in Panama. His fine sense of comedy is displayed in the short-story collection May We Borrow Your Husband? (1967) and the novel Travels with My Aunt (1969). Greene also wrote several plays, including The Living Room (1953) and The Potting Shed (1957), both thinly disguised religious dramas, and The Complaisant Lover (1959), a witty and intelligent play about marriage and infidelity. He is also noted for his short stories, essays, travel books, film criticism, and film scripts, including the mystery melodrama The Third Man (1950).

Bibliography

See his autobiographies, A Sort of Life (1971) and Ways of Escape (1980), and his posthumously published A World of My Own: A Dream Diary (1995); S. Hazzard, Greene on Capri: A Memoir (2000); biographies by M. Shelden (1994) and N. Sherry (3 vol., 1989–2004); studies by H. J. Donaghy (1983), A. A. De Vitis (1986), and J. Meyers, ed. (1990).

 
Quotes By: Graham Greene

Quotes:

"Despair is the price one pays for setting oneself an impossible aim. It is, one is told, the unforgivable sin, but it is a sin the corrupt or evil man never practices. He always has hope. He never reaches the freezing-point of knowing absolute failure. Only the man of goodwill carries always in his heart this capacity for damnation."

"God created a number of possibilities in case some of his prototypes failed -- that is the meaning of evolution."

"Failure too is a form of death..."

"If you have abandoned one faith, do not abandon all faith. There is always an alternative to the faith we lose. Or is it the same faith under another mask?"

"Point me out the happy man and I will point you out either egotism, selfishness, evil --or else an absolute ignorance."

"Innocence always calls mutely for protection when we would be so much wiser to guard ourselves against it: innocence is like a dumb leper who has lost his bell, wandering the world, meaning no harm."

See more famous quotes by Graham Greene

 
Wikipedia: Graham Greene
Henry Graham Greene
Born: October 2 1904(1904--)
Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
Died: April 3 1991 (aged 86)
Vevey, Switzerland
Occupation: Novelist, Playwright, Short story writer
Nationality: British
Writing period: 1932-1991

Henry Graham Greene, OM, CH (October 2, 1904April 3, 1991) was an English playwright, novelist, short story writer, travel writer and critic whose works explore the ambivalent moral and political issues of the modern world. Greene combined serious literary acclaim with wide popularity. Although Greene objected strongly to being described as a "Catholic novelist" rather than as a "novelist who happened to be Catholic", Catholic religious themes are at the root of many of his novels, including Brighton Rock, The Heart of the Matter, The End of the Affair, Monsignor Quixote, A Burnt-Out Case, and his famous work The Power and the Glory. Works such as The Quiet American also show an avid interest in the workings of international politics.

Life and work

Childhood

Graham Greene was born in Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire, the fourth of six children — his younger brother Hugh became the Director-General of the BBC; elder brother Raymond was an eminent physician and mountaineer.

His parents, Charles Henry Greene and Marion Greene (née Raymond), were first cousins, members of a large, influential family that included the Greene King brewery owners, bankers, and businessmen. Charles Greene was Second Master at Berkhamsted School, the headmaster of which was Dr Thomas Fry (also married to a cousin of Charles). Another cousin was the right-wing pacifist Ben Greene, whose politics led to his internment during World War II.

In 1910, Charles Greene succeeded Dr Fry as headmaster; Graham attended the school. Bullied and profoundly depressed as a boarder, he attempted suicide several times, some, he claimed, by Russian roulette; Michael Shelden's biography discredits that. In 1921, at age 17, he was psychoanalysed for six months in London, afterwards returning to school as a day boy; school friends included Claud Cockburn and Peter Quennell.

While an undergraduate at Balliol College, Oxford, his first work, a volume of poetry entitled Babbling April, was published, but not much praised.

Early career

After graduation, Greene unsuccessfully took up journalism, first in the city of Nottingham (recurring in his novels as the epitome of mean provincial life), and then as a sub-editor on The Times. While in Nottingham he started corresponding with Vivien Dayrell-Browning, a Roman Catholic convert who had written him to correct him on a point of Catholic doctrine. Greene converted to Catholicism in 1926 (described in A Sort of Life) and was baptised in February the same year [1], they married in 1927, and had two children, Lucy (b. 1933) and Francis (b. 1936; d. 1987). In 1948, Greene abandoned Vivien for Catherine Walston, yet remained married to her.

Novels and other works

Greene's first published novel was The Man Within (1929), its reception emboldened him to quit his sub-editor job at The Times and work as a full-time novelist, however, the next two books were unsuccessful; he later disowned them. His first, true success was Stamboul Train (1932), adapted as the film Orient Express (1934); as with this novel, many of his books would be cinematically adapted.

He supplemented his novelist's income with freelance journalism, and book and film reviews for The Spectator, and co-editing the magazine Night and Day, which folded in 1937 shortly after Greene's film review of Wee Willie Winkie, featuring nine-year-old Shirley Temple, cost the magazine a lost libel lawsuit. Greene's review claimed that Temple displayed a certain adroit coquetry which appealed to middle-aged men; it is now considered one of the first criticisms of the sexualisation of children for entertainment.

He originally divided his fiction in two genres: (i) thrillers (mystery and suspense books), such as Our Man in Havana, that he described as entertainments; often with notable philosophic edges, and (ii) literary works, such as The Power and the Glory, on which he thought his literary reputation was to be based.

As his career lengthened, however, Greene and his readers both found the entertainments of nearly as high literary value as the formal literary writing. His later efforts, such as The Human Factor, The Comedians, Our Man in Havana, and The Quiet American, combine these modes in compressed, but remarkably insightful work. He also wrote the screenplay, and afterward the short story, for the now-classic film noir, The Third Man (1949).

Greene also wrote short stories and plays that were well-received, although he always was a novelist, foremost and he collected the 1948 James Tait Black Memorial Prize for The Heart of the Matter. His long, successful career and great readership (for a serious literary novelist) led to hope he would be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature; although considered in 1974, he was not awarded it. Greene's friend and occasional publisher, Michael Korda, wrote in his memoir, Another Life (1999), that Greene believed he was always one vote short of the prize, withheld by a judge who disliked his Catholicism and left-wing sympathies and "who seemed determined to outlive him".

Writing style and themes

The literary style of Graham Greene was one of the most recognizable writing styles in twentieth-century English literature. The novels are written in lean, realistic prose, having clear, exciting plots (avoiding modernist experimentation, which might account for his popularity), and using cinematic visual sense in description. Yet, he concentrated on portraying the characters' internal lives, the mental, emotional, and spiritual depths. Usually, they are deeply troubled with internal, existential struggles, are world-weary, and cynical, finding themselves rootlessly existing in seedy and sordid circumstances. The stories usually occurred in poor, hot, and dusty tropical backwaters in countries such as Mexico, West Africa, Vietnam, Cuba, Haiti, and Argentina, which led to the coining of the expression "Greeneland" to describe such settings.

The novels of Graham Greene often had religious themes at the centre. In his literary criticism, he attacked most modern literature for having lost the religious sense and for lacking such themes, which he argued, resulted in dull, superficial characters who: wandered about like cardboard symbols through a world that is paper-thin. Only in recovering the religious element, the awareness of the drama of the struggle in the soul carrying the infinite consequences of salvation and damnation, and of the ultimate metaphysical realities of good and evil, sin and grace, could the novel recover its dramatic power. Suffering and unhappiness are omnipresent in the fallen world Greene depicts, and Catholicism is presented against a background of unvarying human evil, sin and doubt. Indeed, V. S. Pritchett praised Greene as the first English novelist since Henry James to present, and grapple with, the reality of evil.[2]

The novels often powerfully portray the Christian drama of the struggles within the individual soul from the Catholic perspective. Greene was criticised for certain tendencies in an unorthodox direction — in the world, sin is omnipresent to the degree that the vigilant struggle to avoid sinful conduct is doomed to failure, hence, not central to holiness. Friend and fellow Catholic writer Evelyn Waugh attacked that as a revival of the Quietist heresy. This aspect of his work also was criticised by the theologian Hans Urs von Balthasar as giving sin a mystique.

Greene responded that constructing a vision of pure faith and goodness in the novel was beyond his talents. Praise of Greene from an orthodox Catholic point of view, by Edward Short, is in Crisis magazine [1], and a mainstream Catholic critique is presented by Joseph Pearce[2].

Catholicism's prominence decreased in the later writings. The supernatural realities that haunted the earlier work declined and was replaced with a humanistic perspective, a change reflected in his public criticism of orthodox Catholic teaching. Left-wing political critiques assumed greater importance in his novels, for example, he attacked the American policy in Vietnam in The Quiet American; the tormented believers portrayed were more likely to have faith in Communism than in Catholicism. Critics usually agree, however, that his profound novels are the early ones wherein Catholicism has a major role.

Unlike other "Catholic writers" such as Evelyn Waugh and Anthony Burgess, Greene's politics were always left-wing, though some biographers think politics mattered little to him. In his later years, he was a strong critic of American imperialism, and supported the Cuban leader Fidel Castro, whom he had met.[3] For Greene and politics, see also Anthony Burgess Politics in the Novels of Graham Greene[4] In Ways of Escape, reflections of his Mexican trip, he complained that Mexico's government was insufficiently left-wing when compared with Cuba's [5]. In Greene's opinion, “Conservatism and Catholicism should be .... impossible bedfellows”. [6].

In human relationships, kindness and lies are worth a thousand truths.

Graham Greene

Nonetheless, despite his seriousness, Graham Greene greatly enjoyed parody, even of himself. In 1949, when the New Statesman magazine held a contest for parodies of Greene's distinctive writing style, he submitted a pseudonymous entry and won second prize; the first prize was awarded to a parody entered by his younger brother Hugh.

The resulting work, The Stranger's Hand, was later completed by another writer and cinematically rendered by the Italian film director Mario Soldati. In 1965, Greene again entered a similar New Statesman Graham Greene writing style parody contest, again pseudonymously, and that time won an honourable mention.

Film cameo

Greene has an uncredited (probably because of the actor of the same name) cameo appearance as an insurance company representative in the 1973 François Truffaut film Day for Night. On the DVD of the movie, it was reported that Greene was a big admirer of Truffaut, and had always wanted to meet him, so as it turned out, when the small part came up where he actually talks to the director, he was delighted to have the opportunity. It was reported that Truffaut was unhappy he wasn't told (until later) that the actor playing the insurance company representative was Greene, he would have liked to have said hello, as he had admired Greene's work as well.

Travel

Throughout his life, Graham Greene travelled far from England, to what he called the world's wild and remote places. The travels allowed him opportunity to spy on behalf of the United Kingdom, in Sierra Leone during the Second World War. Curiously, it was Soviet double agent Kim Philby who recruited Greene to MI6. As a novelist, he wove the colourful characters he met and the exciting places where he lived to the moral fabric of his novels.

Despite love of travel, he first left Europe relatively late in life, at 31 years of age, in 1935, on a trip to Liberia that produced the travel book Journey Without Maps. His 1938 trip to Mexico, to see the effects of the government's campaign of forced anti-Catholic secularisation was paid by the Roman Catholic Church. That voyage produced two books, the factual The Lawless Roads (published as Another Mexico in the U.S.), and the novel The Power and the Glory. In 1953, the Vatican office censored The Power and the Glory, though later, in a private audience with Greene, Pope Paul VI told him to forget about the religious troubles of the Mexicans. Greene travelled to the Haiti of François Duvalier, alias "Papa Doc", where occurred the story of The Comedians (1966). On the lighter side, the owner of the Hotel Oloffson, in Port-au-Prince, where Greene frequently stayed, named a room in his honour.

There is so much weariness and disappointment in travel that people have to open up — in railway trains, over a fire, on the decks of steamers, and in the palm courts of hotels on a rainy day. They have to pass the time somehow, and they can pass it only with themselves. Like the characters in Chekhov they have no reserves — you learn the most intimate secrets. You get an impression of a world peopled by eccentrics, of odd professions, almost incredible stupidities, and, to balance them, amazing endurances.

Graham Greene, The Lawless Roads (1939)

Many of his novels have been filmed, notably Brighton Rock (1947), The Honorary Consul (1983), (a 1958 version whose plot substantially departed from Greene's and a 2002 remake that followed Greene's book more closely), and The End of the Affair (1999). Moreover, he also wrote several original screenplays, most famously for the film The Third Man (1949).

Final years

In 1966, Greene moved to Antibes, to be close to Yvonne Cloetta, whom he had known for years, a relationship that endured until his death. In 1981 he was awarded the Jerusalem Prize, awarded to writers concerned with the freedom of the individual in society. One of his final works, the pamphlet J'Accuse — The Dark Side of Nice (1982), concerns a legal matter embroiling him and his extended family in Nice. He declared that organized crime flourished in Nice, because the city's upper levels of civic government had protected judicial and police corruption; the accusation provoked a libel lawsuit he lost [3]. Yet, in 1994, he was vindicated — after death — when the former mayor of Nice, Jacques Médecin, was imprisoned upon conviction for corruption and associated crimes.

He lived the last years of his life in Vevey, on Lake Geneva, in Switzerland. His book Dr. Fischer of Geneva or the Bomb Party (1989) bases its themes on combined philosophic and geographic influences. He had ceased attending Mass and confessing in the 1950s, but received the sacraments from a Father Leopaldo Durán, a Spanish priest who became a friend. On dying at age 86 in 1991, he was buried in the Corseaux-sur-Vevey cemetery.

His official biographer, Norman Sherry, published the third, final volume of The Life of Graham Greene in October of 2004. Sherry followed Greene's footsteps, at times suffering the diseases that Greene suffered and in the same place. The biography reveals that Greene continued reporting to British intelligence until his life's end, allowing literary scholars and readers to entertain the provocative question of whether Graham Greene a novelist who also was a spy, or if he was a spy whose life-long novelist's career was the perfect cover.

References

  1. ^ the conversion happened after having argued with father Trollope, as Greene was defending atheism. - The Power and the Glory New York: Viking, 1990. Introduction by John Updike, p. xiv
  2. ^ Crisis Magazine.
  3. ^ Kirjasto.
  4. ^ in Journal of Contemporary History Vol. 2, No. 2, (Apr. 1967), pp. 93-99.
  5. ^ P.xii of John Updike's introduction to The Power and the Glory New York: Viking, 1990.
  6. ^ As cited on p.xii of John Updike's introduction to The Power and the Glory New York: Viking, 1990.

6. as cited from http://www.whysanity.net/monos/westwing3.html

List of major works

See List of books by Graham Greene for all works.

Further reading

  • Paul O'Prey, A Reader's Guide to Graham Greene, Thames and Hudson, 1988
  • Kelly, Richard Michael, Graham Greene, Ungar, 1984
  • Kelly, Richard Michael, Graham Greene: A Study of the Short Fiction. Twayne, 1992.
  • Duran, Leopoldo , Graham Greene: Friend and Brother, translated by Euan Cameron, HarperCollins
  • Shelden, Michael , Graham Greene: The Man Within, (pub. William Heinemann, 1994), Random House ed. 1995: ISBN 0-679-42883-6
  • Sherry, Norman (1989-2004), The Life of Graham Greene: vol. 1 1904-1939, (pub. Random House UK, 1989, ISBN 0-224-02654-2), Viking ed. 1989: ISBN 0-670-81376-1, Penguin reprint 2004: ISBN 0-14-200420-0
  • Sherry, Norman, The Life of Graham Greene: vol. 2 1939-1955, (pub. Viking 1994: ISBN 0-670-86056-5), Penguin reprint 2004: ISBN 0-14-200421-9
  • Sherry, Norman, The Life of Graham Greene: vol. 3 1955-1991, (pub. Viking 2004, ISBN 0-670-03142-9)
  • The Graham Greene Film Reader

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