| Wikipedia: Grand Slam (tennis) |
The four Grand Slam tournaments are the most important tennis events of the year in terms of world ranking points, tradition, prize-money awarded, and public attention. They are:
A singles player or doubles team that wins all four Slam tournaments in the same year is said to have achieved the Grand Slam. If the player or team wins all four consecutively, but not in the same calendar year, it is called a Non-Calendar Year Grand Slam. Winning all four at some point in a career, even if not consecutively, is referred to as a Career Grand Slam while winning the four majors and a gold medal in tennis at the Summer Olympics in the same calendar year has been called a Golden Slam since Steffi Graf accomplished that feat in 1988.[1] Winning three of the four tournaments is often referred to as a Small Slam.[citation needed]
History
Used in golf since 1930, the term Grand Slam was first applied to tennis by New York Times columnist John Kieran according to Total Tennis, The Ultimate Tennis Encyclopedia by Bud Collins. In the chapter about 1933, Collins writes that after the Australian player Jack Crawford had won the Australian, French, and Wimbledon Championships, speculation arose about his chances in the U.S. Championships. Kieran, who was a bridge player, wrote: "If Crawford wins, it would be something like scoring a grand slam on the courts, doubled and vulnerable." Crawford, an asthmatic, won two of the first three sets of his finals match against Fred Perry, then tired in the heat and lost the last two sets and the match.
Grand Slam (four majors in one calendar year)
Men's singles
Women's singles
- Maureen Connolly Brinker (1953)
- Margaret Court (1970)
- Steffi Graf (1988)
- Note: Graf also won the Olympic gold medal in 1988 (The "Golden" Grand Slam)
Men's doubles
- Frank Sedgman and Ken McGregor (1951)
Women's doubles
- Maria Bueno (1960), with Christine Truman Janes at the Australian Championships, then Darlene Hard at the French Championships, Wimbledon, and the U.S. Championships.
- Martina Navratilova and Pam Shriver (1984)
- Martina Navratilova (1986), with Andrea Temesvari at the French Championships, then Pam Shriver at Wimbledon, and the U.S. Championships.
- Note: Australian Championships were not played in 1986 but Navratilova won both the December 1985 and the January 1987 tournaments.
- Martina Hingis (1998), with Mirjana Lucic at the Australian Open, then Jana Novotna at the French Open, Wimbledon, and the US Open.
Mixed doubles
- Margaret Court (as Margaret Smith) and Ken Fletcher (1963)
- Margaret Court (1965; as Margaret Smith), with: John Newcombe at the Australian Championships; Ken Fletcher at the French Championships and Wimbledon; and Fred Stolle at the U.S. Championships.
- Note: Australian Championships final was not played. The title is shared with Robyn Ebbern and Owen Davidson
- Owen Davidson (1967), with Lesley Turner Bowrey at the Australian Championships, then Billie Jean King at the French Championships, Wimbledon, and the U.S. Championships.
Boys' singles
- Stefan Edberg (1983)
Non-Calendar year Grand Slam (four consecutive majors regardless of year)
After Martina Navratilova won four consecutive major championships there was some controversy. Though it was a non-calendar Grand Slam the ITF decided to award her the Grand Slam US$1 million bonus, as she held all four titles at once. Other than this ITF decision no other sources consider this a true Grand Slam, only a non-calendar grand slam.
Women's singles
- Martina Navratilova (1983-84)
- Won six consecutive Grand Slam titles. Her streak was Wimbledon, US Open, and Australian Open in 1983, followed by French Open, Wimbledon, and US Open in 1984. (The Australian Open was held in December from 1977 through 1985, returning to its original January date in 1987.)
- Steffi Graf (1993-94)
- Her streak was: 1993 French Open, Wimbledon, US Open and the 1994 Australian Open.
- Graf also won a Grand Slam in 1988.
- Serena Williams (2002-03)
- The "Serena Slam" — a reference to the Tiger Slam won by Tiger Woods between 2000 and 2001. Her streak was: 2002 French Open, Wimbledon, US Open and the 2003 Australian Open.
Women's doubles
- Gigi Fernandez and Natasha Zvereva (1992-93)
- Six consecutive titles from the 1992 French Open through 1993 Wimbledon.
Most Grand Slam titles in a row (consecutive)
Men's singles
- Don Budge (6): (1937 Wimbledon through the 1938 U.S. Championships).
Women's singles
- Maureen Connolly Brinker (6): (1952 Wimbledon through the 1953 U.S. Championships).
- Margaret Court (6): (1969 US Open through the 1971 Australian Open).
- Martina Navratilova (6): (1983 Wimbledon through the 1984 US Open).
Men's doubles
Team:
- 7: Ken McGregor and Frank Sedgman (from the 1951 Australian Championships through the 1952 Wimbledon Championships)
Player:
- 8: Frank Sedgman (from the 1950 US Championships through the 1952 Wimbledon Championships)
Women's doubles
Team:
- 8: Martina Navratilova and Pam Shriver (1983 Wimbledon Championships/US Open/Australian Open, 1984 French Open/Wimbledon Championships/US Open/Australian Open, 1985 French Open)
- 6: Gigi Fernández and Natasha Zvereva (1992 French Open/Wimbledon Championships/US Open, 1993 Australian Open/French Open/Wimbledon Championships)
Most Grand Slam singles finals in a row (consecutive)
Note: minimum 4 consecutive finals.
Men
| No. | Player | # | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Roger Federer | 10 | 2005 Wimbledon – 2007 US Open |
| 2 | Roger Federer | 6 | 2008 French Open – present |
| 3 | Andre Agassi | 4 | 1999 French Open – 2000 Australian Open |
| = | Rod Laver | 4 | 1969 Australian Open – 1969 US Open |
Women
| No. | Player | # | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Steffi Graf | 13 | 1987 French Open – 1990 French Open |
| 2 | Martina Navratilova | 11 | 1985 French Open – 1987 US Open |
| 3 | Martina Navratilova | 6 | 1983 Wimbledon – 1984 US Open |
| Chris Evert | 6 | 1984 French Open – 1985 Wimbledon | |
| 5 | Steffi Graf | 5 | 1993 Australian Open – 1994 Australian Open |
| Martina Hingis | 5 | 1997 Australian Open – 1998 Australian Open | |
| 7 | Hana Mandlikova | 4 | 1980 US Open – 1981 Wimbledon |
| Martina Navratilova | 4 | 1981 US Open – 1982 Wimbledon | |
| Chris Evert | 4 | 1982 Wimbledon – 1983 French Open | |
| Monica Seles | 4 | 1991 US Open – 1992 Wimbledon | |
| Arantxa Sanchez | 4 | 1994 US Open – 1995 Wimbledon | |
| Serena Williams | 4 | 2002 French Open – 2003 Australian Open | |
| Venus Williams | 4 | 2002 French Open – 2003 Australian Open | |
| Justine Henin | 4 | 2006 Australian Open – 2006 US Open |
Most Grand Slam singles titles in a row (non-consecutive)
Helen Wills Moody won all 16 of the Grand Slam singles tournaments she played beginning with the 1924 U.S. Championships and extending through the 1933 Wimbledon Championships (not counting her defaults in the 1926 French and Wimbledon Championships). The first 15 of those were won without losing a set. During this period, she won 6 Wimbledons, 4 French Championships, and 6 U.S. Championships. She also won the 1924 Summer Olympics during this period. Moody never entered the Australian Championships.
Most Grand Slam mixed doubles titles in a row (non-consecutive)
Doris Hart won all 13 of the Grand Slam mixed doubles tournaments she played beginning with the 1951 French Championships and extending through the 1955 U.S. Championships. During this period, she won 5 Wimbledons, 3 French Championships, and 5 U.S. Championships.
Career Grand Slam
Winning all four Grand Slam tournaments during a career is termed a Career Grand Slam. Six men and nine women have accomplished this in singles play, but only three men (Rod Laver, Andre Agassi and Roger Federer) and five women (Margaret Court, Chris Evert, Martina Navratilova, Steffi Graf, and Serena Williams) have won all four Grand Slam singles tournaments at least once since the beginning of the open era. A number of players have failed to achieve the Career Grand Slam because they did not have long careers or because particular tournaments were ill-suited to the players' game. Björn Borg never won the US Open or the Australian Open. John McEnroe never won the Australian Open or the French Open. Ken Rosewall, Guillermo Vilas, Ivan Lendl, Monica Seles, Justine Henin, and Mats Wilander failed to win Wimbledon. John Newcombe, Arthur Ashe, Jimmy Connors, Boris Becker, Stefan Edberg, Pete Sampras, Martina Hingis, Lindsay Davenport, and Maria Sharapova failed to win the French Open, and Althea Gibson never won the Australian Open. Venus Williams thus far has failed to win the Australian Open or the French Open, and Rafael Nadal has yet to win the US Open.
The following lists the players who won all four Grand Slam singles tournaments during their careers. The year in which they won their first Grand Slam singles tournament is listed first. The tournaments (or years) needed to complete their first Career Grand Slam were won are then listed. The ages of the players when their Career Grand Slam was completed are listed between the square brackets.
Men's singles
- Fred Perry (1933 US Championships, 1934 Australian Championships, 1934 Wimbledon Championships & 1935 French Championships) [26]
- Don Budge (1937 Wimbledon Championships, 1937 US Championships, 1938 Australian Championships & 1938 French Championships) [23]
- Rod Laver (1960 Australian Championships, 1961 Wimbledon Championships, 1962 French Championships & 1962 US Championships) [24]
- Roy Emerson (1961 Australian Championships, 1961 US Championships, 1963 French Championships & 1964 Wimbledon Championships) [27]
- Andre Agassi (1992 Wimbledon, 1994 US Open, 1995 Australian Open & 1999 French Open) [29]
- Agassi also accomplished a Career Golden Slam by winning the Singles Olympic Gold Medal at the Atlanta 1996 Olympic Games to go with his career Grand Slam. However, it should be noted that tennis was absent from the Olympics for 64 years, from 1924–1988.
- Roger Federer (2003 Wimbledon, 2004 Australian Open, 2004 US Open & 2009 French Open) [27]
- Federer Also won the Olympic Doubles Gold Medal at Beijing 2008.
Women's singles
- Maureen Connolly Brinker (1951-52-53) [18]
- Doris Hart (1949-50-51-54) [29]
- Shirley Fry Irvin (1951-56-57) [29]
- Margaret Court (1960-62-63; as Margaret Smith) [20]
- Billie Jean King (1966-67-68-72) [28]
- Chris Evert (1974-75-82) [28]
- Martina Navratilova (1978-81-82-83) [26]
- Steffi Graf (1987 French Open, 1988 Australian Open, 1988 Wimbledon & 1988 US Open) [19]
- Graf also is the only Player to complete the Calendar year Golden Slam winning all four Grand Slams and the Olympic Gold medal in 1988.
- Serena Williams (1999 US Open, 2002 French Open, 2002 Wimbledon & 2003 Australian Open) [21]
Men's doubles
The teams and individual players who won all four Grand Slam doubles tournaments during their careers are listed. The year in which they won their first Grand Slam doubles tournament is listed first. The years in which the tournaments needed to complete the Career Grand Slam were won are then listed.
- Frank Sedgman & Ken McGregor (1951-52)
- Lew Hoad & Ken Rosewall (1953-56)
- Roy Emerson & Neale Fraser (1959-60-62)
- John Newcombe & Tony Roche (1965-67)
- Jacco Eltingh & Paul Haarhuis (1994-95-98)
- Todd Woodbridge & Mark Woodforde (1992-93-95-2000)
- Bob Bryan & Mike Bryan (2003-05-06)
Male doubles players who won a Career Grand Slam (7):
- Adrian Quist (1935-36-39)
- Neale Fraser (1957-58-59)
- Bob Hewitt (1962-64-67-77)
- John Fitzgerald (1982-84-86-89)
- Anders Jarryd (1983-87-89)
- Jonas Bjorkman (1998-2002-03-05)
- Daniel Nestor (2002-04-07-08)
Women's doubles
- Margaret Court & Judy Tegart Dalton (1966-69-70)
- Kathy Jordan & Anne Smith (1980-81)
- Martina Navratilova & Pam Shriver (1981-82-83-84)
- Gigi Fernandez & Natasha Zvereva (1992-93)
- Serena Williams & Venus Williams (1999-2000-01)
Female doubles players who won a Career Grand Slam (13):
- Louise Brough Clapp (1942-46-50)
- Doris Hart (1947-48-50-51)
- Shirley Fry Irvin (1950-51-57)
- Althea Gibson (1956-1957)
- Maria Bueno (1958-60)
- Lesley Turner Bowrey (1961-64)
- Judy Tegart Dalton (1964-66-69-70)
- Gigi Fernandez (1988-91-92-93)
- Natasha Zvereva (1989-91-93)
- Helena Sukova (1989-90-93)
- Jana Novotna (1989-90-94)
- Martina Hingis (1996-97-98)
- Lisa Raymond (2000-01-06)
Mixed doubles
In the following, the players who won all four Grand Slam mixed doubles tournaments during their careers are listed. (The year in which they won their first Grand Slam mixed doubles tournament is listed first. The years in which the tournaments needed to complete the Career Grand Slam were won are then listed.)
- Frank Sedgman & Doris Hart (1949-51)
- Ken Fletcher & Margaret Court (1964-65)
- Marty Riessen & Margaret Court (1969-75)
Male doubles players who won a Career Grand Slam:
- Owen Davidson (1965-66-67)
- Bob Hewitt (1961-70-77-79)
- Todd Woodbridge (1990-93-94-95)
- Mark Woodforde (1992-93)
- Mahesh Bhupathi (1997-99-2005-06)
Female doubles players who won a Career Grand Slam:
- Billie Jean King (1967-68)
- Martina Navratilova (1974-85-2003)
- Daniela Hantuchová (2001-02-05)
Boys singles
- Stefan Edberg (1983)
Boys doubles
- Mark Kratzmann (1983-84)
Calendar Year Golden Slam
The term Golden Slam (initially "Golden Grand Slam") was coined in 1988 when Steffi Graf won all four Grand Slam singles tournaments and the singles gold medal in tennis at the Summer Olympics in the same calendar year.[1]
Tennis was not an Olympic sport from 1928 through 1984 (except as a demonstration sport in 1968 and 1984); therefore, many top tennis players from the past never had the chance to complete a Golden Slam. Nevertheless, even with tennis on the Olympics, a Calendar Year Golden Slam could not have been accomplished by any player except Maria Bueno (1960) and Martina Navratilova/Pam Shriver (1984).
Career Golden Slam
A player who wins all four Grand Slam tournaments and the Olympic Gold Medal during his or her career is said to have achieved a Career Golden Slam.
- Singles players who won a Career Golden Slam (a Singles Career Grand Slam plus the Olympic Gold Medal in Singles):
- Steffi Graf (1988 French Open, 1988 Australian Open, 1988 Wimbledon, 1988 Olympic Gold Medal (Women's Singles) & 1988 US Open)
- Steffi Graf's Golden Slam is also a Calender Year Golden Slam as she won all four Grand Slams and the Olympic Gold Medal all in the same calendar year of 1988.
- Andre Agassi (1992 Wimbledon, 1994 US Open, 1995 Australian Open, 1996 Olympic Gold Medal (Men's Singles) & 1999 French Open)
- Steffi Graf (1988 French Open, 1988 Australian Open, 1988 Wimbledon, 1988 Olympic Gold Medal (Women's Singles) & 1988 US Open)
- Doubles teams that won a Career Golden Slam (a Doubles Team Career Grand Slam & the Olympic Gold Medal in Doubles):
- Todd Woodbridge & Mark Woodforde (nicknamed The Woodies) (1992 Australian Open, 1992 US Open, 1993 Wimbledon, 1996 Olympic Gold Medal (Men's Doubles) & 2000 French Open)
- Serena Williams & Venus Williams (1999 French Open, 1999 US Open, 2000 Wimbledon, 2000 Olympic Gold Medal (Women's Doubles) & 2001 Australian Open)
- Individual doubles players who won a Career Golden Slam:
- Gigi Fernandez: partnering Mary Joe Fernandez won the 1992 and 1996 Olympic Gold Medal (Doubles); partnering Robin White to win the 1988 US Open; partnering Jana Novotná to win the 1991 French Open; and partnering Natasha Zvereva to win the 1992 Wimbledon and the 1993 Australian Open.
- Daniel Nestor (2000-02-04-07-08): Partnering Sebastien Lareau to win the 2000 Olympic Gold Medal (Doubles); partnering Mark Knowles to win the 2002 Australian Open, the 2004 US Open and the 2007 French Open; partnering Nenad Zimonjić to win the 2008 Wimbledon.
- Roger Federer: Partnering Stanislas Wawrinka won the Beijing 2008 Olympic Gold medal next to his (singles) Career Grand Slam.
Small Slam
Players who have won three of the four Grand Slam tournaments in the same year, are sometimes said to have achieved a "Small Slam".[citation needed]
| "Small Slam" winners (click to expand) |
|---|
| The following content has been placed in a collapsed box for improved usability. |
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Men's singles
Women's singles
Men's doubles
Women's doubles
Mixed doubles
Boys' singles
Girls' singles
Boys' doubles
Girls' doubles
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| The above content has been placed in a collapsed box for improved usability. |
Career "Boxed Set"
Another Grand Slam-related accomplishment is winning a "boxed set" of Grand Slam titles – winning the singles, doubles, and mixed doubles at all four Grand Slam events.
The top men's singles players have played comparatively little doubles, and very little mixed doubles. Three women have completed the "boxed set" during their careers:
Serena Williams has come closer than any other currently active player to joining this elite group. She is yet to win the mixed doubles at the Australian and French opens (finishing as the runner-up at the 1999 Australian Open and 1998 French Open)
References
- ^ a b Tandon, Kamakshi (January 5, 2009). "Gold Standard: Graf mints Golden Slam in 1988". tennis.com. http://www.tennis.com/features/general/features.aspx?id=153982. Retrieved on June 26, 2009.
See also
- List of Grand Slam Men's Singles champions
- List of Grand Slam Women's Singles champions
- List of Grand Slam Men's Doubles champions
- List of Grand Slam Women's Doubles champions
- List of Grand Slam Mixed Doubles champions
- List of Grand Slam Boys' Singles champions
- List of Grand Slam Boys Doubles Champions
- List of Grand Slam Girls' Singles champions
- List of Grand Slam Girls' Doubles champions
- Tennis statistics
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Grand Slam (tennis) |
- Official website of the Australian Open
- Official website of the French Open
- Official website of Wimbledon
- Official website of the US Open
- All-times Grand Slam tournaments finals - Reference book.
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