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gully

 
Dictionary: gul·ly1   (gŭl'ē) pronunciation
n., pl., -lies.
A deep ditch or channel cut in the earth by running water after a prolonged downpour.


v., -lied, -ly·ing, -lies.

v.tr.
To wear a deep ditch or channel in.

v.intr.
To form a deep ditch or channel.

[Perhaps alteration of Middle English golet, throat, channel. See gullet.]


gul·ly2 (gŭl'ē) pronunciation
n. Chiefly British, pl., -lies.
A large knife.

[Short for dialectal gully knife : gully (probably alteration of Middle English golet, throat; see gullet) + KNIFE.]


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A water-made cutting, usually steep-sided with a flattened floor. Gullying usually occurs in unconsolidated rock and rarely cuts through bedrock. Gullies usually form quickly as a result of destruction of the plant cover. Gully erosion is the removal of topsoil and the creation of many steep-sided cuttings in a hillside. It can be stopped by restoring a vegetation cover, by contour ploughing, and by making terraces and small dams across the hillside.

Word Tutor: gully
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pronunciation

IN BRIEF: n. - Deep ditch cut by running water (especially after a prolonged downpour).

Tutor's tip: By "golly"! (an exclamation of surprise) there is a "gully" (a cut in land caused by water) that we cannot get across!

Wikipedia: Gully
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This article refers to the landform. For other uses, see Gully (disambiguation).
Panoramic view of Las Médulas, León, Spain.

A gully is a landform created by running water eroding sharply into soil, typically on a hillside. Gullies resemble large ditches or small valleys, but are metres to tens of metres in depth and width. When the gully formation is in process, the water flow rate can be substantial, which causes the significant deep cutting action into soil.

Gullying or gully erosion is the process by which gullies are formed. Hillsides are more prone to gullying when they are cleared of vegetation, through deforestation, over-grazing or other means. The eroded soil is easily carried by the flowing water after being dislodged from the ground, normally when rainfall falls during short, intense storms such as during thunderstorms. Gullies reduce the productivity of farmland where they incise into the land, and produce sediment that may clog downstream waterbodies. Because of this, much effort is invested into the study of gullies within the scope of geomorphology, in the prevention of gully erosion, and in restoration of gullied landscapes. The total soil loss from gully formation and subsequent downstream river sedimentation can be sizable.

Contents

Hydraulic mining

Artificial gullies are formed during hydraulic mining when jets or streams of water are projected onto soft alluvial deposits to extract gold or tin ore. The remains of such mining methods are very visible landform features in old goldfields such as in California and northern Spain. The badlands at Las Medulas for example, were created during the Roman period by hushing or hydraulic mining of the gold-rich alluvium with water supplied by numerous aqueducts tapping nearby rivers. Each aqueduct produced large gullies below by erosion of the soft deposits. The effluvium was carefully washed with smaller streams of water to extract the nuggets and gold dust.

Etymology

The earliest usage of the term is from 1657. It originates from the French word goulet, a diminutive form of goule which means throat. It is possible that the term was derived from a type of knife at the time, a gully-knife, because hills that have gullies look as if they are cut open with a sharp knife.

See also

References

  • Oxford English Dictionary

Translations: Gully
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Dansk (Danish)
1.
n. - regnkløft, erosionskløft, nedløbsbrønd, kloakbrønd
v. tr. - skabe kløft i
v. intr. - blive til en kløft

2.
n. - stor kniv

Nederlands (Dutch)
geul, goot, ravijn, groot mes, geulen maken in

Français (French)
1.
n. - ravin, (Géog) ravin, caniveau, rigole, gully (joueur de cricket), zone de jeu du gully
v. tr. - raviner, creuser des rigoles/des canaux
v. intr. - raviner, creuser des rigoles/des canaux

2.
n. - grand couteau

Deutsch (German)
1.
n. - Rinne, Abflußrinne, tief eingeschnittener Wasserlauf
v. - durch Wassereinwirkung Kanäle bilden, zerfurchen

2.
n. - großes Messer

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - ρεματιά, ξεροπόταμος, βαθύ ρείθρο, οχετός, φρεάτιο υπόνομου
v. - υποσκάπτω, ανοίγω αυλάκι

Italiano (Italian)
stretta e lunga valle, canale di scolo, scavare canali di scolo

Português (Portuguese)
n. - rego (m), bueiro (m)
v. - corroer (a terra), escavar

Русский (Russian)
глубокий овраг, образованный водой, водосток, канава, образовывать овраги, рыть канавы

Español (Spanish)
1.
n. - barranco, hondonada, canal para desagotar agua de lluvia
v. tr. - hacer canales, formarse canales por la acción del agua
v. intr. - hacer canales, formarse canales por la acción del agua

2.
n. - cuchillo largo

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - ränna, ravin, rännsten, avloppskanal, gully (i kricket)
v. - urholka, gräva ut

中文(简体)(Chinese (Simplified))
1. 小峡谷, 水沟, 沟渠, 冲沟, 在...上冲出沟

2. 小峡谷, 排水沟

中文(繁體)(Chinese (Traditional))
1.
n. - 小峽谷, 水溝, 溝渠, 沖溝
v. tr. - 在...上沖出溝
v. intr. - 在...上沖出溝

2.
n. - 小峽谷, 排水溝

한국어 (Korean)
1.
n. - 협곡, 도랑
v. tr. - 홈을 파다, 도랑을 만들다
v. intr. - 침식을 겪다, 도랑이 되다

2.
n. - 커다란 칼

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - 小峡谷, 溝, 下水, 小谷

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) اخدود ( بفعل المياة الجاريه) (فعل) يخدد ( بفعل المياه الجاريه)‏

עברית (Hebrew)
n. - ‮תעלה, ערוץ‬
v. tr. - ‮חפר תעלה‬
v. intr. - ‮נוצרה כתוצאה מפעולת מים (תעלה)‬
n. - ‮שחקן קריקט בשדה המשחק‬


 
 

 

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