| Haidian District 海淀区 |
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|---|---|
| — District — | |
| Chinese transcription(s) | |
| - Chinese | 海淀区 |
| - Pinyin | Hǎidiàn Qū |
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  Haidian District
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| Coordinates: 39°54′N 116°18′E / 39.9°N 116.3°ECoordinates: 39°54′N 116°18′E / 39.9°N 116.3°E | |
| Country | China |
| Municipality | Beijing |
| Area | |
| - Total | 431 km2 (166.4 sq mi) |
| Population (2000) | |
| - Total | 2,240,124 |
| - Density | 5,197.5/km2 (13,461.5/sq mi) |
| Time zone | China Standard (UTC+8) |
| Postal code | 100080 |
| Area code(s) | 010 |
| Website | http://www.bjhd.gov.cn/english/index.htm |
Haidian District (simplified Chinese: 海淀区 (officially), 海甸区 (alternatively); traditional Chinese: 海淀區/海甸區; pinyin: Hǎidiàn Qū) is a district of the municipality of Beijing. It lies towards the northwestern part of the greater urban area.
It is 431 square km in area, making it the second-largest district in urban Beijing (after Chaoyang District), and is home to 2,240,124 inhabitants (2000 Census); however, in comparison to other districts, a higher percentage of its inhabitants do not have the governmental residential certificates for long-term residence, because Haidian District is where most universities are located and therefore many of its inhabitants are college students. As a result of its large concentration of universities, the district is often referred to as the “University District” by English speakers living in Beijing. Its postal code is 100080.
Haidian District contains a large town disconnected from Beijing called Wenquan (31 537 inhabitants in township) which has an area of 3.4 square kilometers according to a measurement of the Google Earth image. This corresponds to an estimated population of 30 000.[1]
Haidian has been a sister city of Cambridge, Massachusetts in the United States since 2005.[2]
Contents |
History
Haidian was originally a village outside of Beijing's Inner City.[3] It was first built in the Yuan dynasty, and became one of the eight major business areas of the capital during the Qing Dynasty and was the seat of such old shops as Lotus White, Quanjude and Hongbin House.[4] The famed Old Summer Palace and Summer Palace, two grand imperial gardens were also among its reputed features. It became a university district after the building of the Tsinghua University campus in the early twentieth century. It is mentioned in Lao She's novel Camel Xiangzi as an academic village for students. After the foundation of the People's Republic, it was deliberately developed as a university area, with many of the Yan'an institutions moving there. It officially became an administrative district in June 1954.[5] Since the reform and opening up, it has become the centre of China's IT industry. In the words of Time magazine:
| “ | Like Paris' Champs Elysées or New York's Broadway, Haidian is a celebration of a national myth: China's ability to change itself and become, once again, great among nations.[6] | ” |
Transportation
The northwestern stretches of the 3rd Ring Road, 4th Ring Road and 5th Ring Road all run through the area.
Economy
Sohu is headquartered in Haidian District.[7] Google has an office in the Haidian District.[8]
Important areas in Haidian District
- Zhongguancun
- Peking University
- Minzu University of China
- Beijing 101 Middle School
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing Language and Culture University
- China University of Geosciences Beijing
- Yuanmingyuan (Old Summer Palace)
- Summer Palace
- Renmin University of China
- High School Affiliated to Renmin University of China
- Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- Beijing Normal University
- Haidian Park
- Purple Bamboo Park (Zizhuyuan)
- Fragrant Hills (Xiangshan Gongyuan)
- Beijing Botanical Garden (Beijing Zhiwuyuan)
- Diaoyutai State Guesthouse
- Wudaokou
- Capital Normal university
- Beiwalu
Notes
- ^ Harry's World Atlas
- ^ "A Message from the Peace Commission: Information on Cambridge's Sister Cities," February 15, 2008. Retrieved 2008-10-12.
- ^ University of Texas Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection: A portion of "Originalkarte der Ebene von Peking und des Gebirkslandes im Westen und Norden der Capitale" from Mittheilungen aus Justus Perthes' Geographischer Anstalt uber Wichtige Neue Erforschungen auf dem Gesammtgebiete der Geographie von Dr. A. Petermann. Erganzungsband 10, 1876.
- ^ Beijing Haidian District People's Government (7th December 2007), Special Shopping Areas in Haidian District. Accessed 19th October 2008. NB: this page only loads correctly in Internet Explorer.
- ^ Tang Yangkai (2008). "Haidian District::Beijing's 'Smart Reservoir'". Beijing Review (7). http://www.bjreview.com.cn/print/txt/2008-02/13/content_99197.htm.
- ^ Joshua Cooper Ramo (1999). "HAIDIAN DISTRICT: China's Silicon Valley, 1999". Time 154 (12). http://www.time.com/time/asia/magazine/99/0927/haidian.html.
- ^ "Sohu.com." CNN Money. Retrieved on August 19, 2009.
- ^ "Google Offices." Google. Retrieved on July 12, 2009.
External links
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