Around 2000 BC, The Greeks developed a kicking/throwing game,
called Episkyros (also known as Phaininda.) It was played primarily
by men but women also practiced it. Early balls were made of linen
and hair wrapped in string and sewn together. They wouldn't have
bounced well. Later Greek models like the Follis were made from
inflated pig bladders wrapped tight in leather (pigskin or
deerskin.) Another technique used for ball-making was chopping
sponges and wrapping them in string and cloth.
The Greek game of Episkyros was later adopted by the Romans, who
renamed and transformed it into Harpastum.