Henry Sidgwick
(born May 31, 1838, Skipton, Yorkshire, Eng. — died Aug. 29, 1900, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire) British philosopher. Educated at Cambridge, he remained there as a fellow (from 1859) and professor (from 1883). His
Methods of Ethics (1874) is considered by some the most significant 19th-century ethical work in English. Drawing on the
utilitarianism of
John Stuart Mill and the
categorical imperative of
Immanuel Kant, he proposed a system of "universalistic hedonism" that would reconcile the apparent conflict between the pleasure of self and the pleasure of others. His other writings include
Principles of Political Economy (1883) and
Elements of Politics (1891). He also cofounded the Society for Psychical Research (1882) and helped found Cambridge's first women's college.
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