Henry 'Mule' Townsend (October 27, 1909 – September 24, 2006) was an American blues singer, guitarist and pianist.
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Career
Townsend was born in Shelby, Mississippi and grew up in Cairo, Illinois. He left home at the age of nine because of an abusive father and hoboed his way to St. Louis, Missouri. He learned guitar while in his early teens from a locally renowned blues guitarist known as "Dudlow Joe".[1]
By the late 1920s he had begun touring and recording with pianist Walter Davis, and had acquired the nickname "Mule" because he was sturdy in both physique and character. In St. Louis, he worked with some of the early blues pioneers, including J. D. Short.[1]
Townsend was one of the only artists known to have recorded in every decade for the last 80 years. He has recorded on several different labels including Columbia and Folkways Records. He first recorded in 1929 and remained active up to 2006. By the mid 1990s, Townsend and his one-time collaborator Yank Rachell were the only active blues artists whose performing lives stretched back to the 1920s.[2]
Articulate and self-aware with an excellent memory, Townsend gave many invaluable interviews to Blues enthusiasts and scholars. Paul Oliver recorded him in 1960 and quoted him extensively in his 1967 work Conversations with the Blues.[3] Thirty years later, Bill Greensmith edited thirty hours of taped interviews with Henry to produce a full autobiography, giving a vivid history of the Blues scene in St Louis and East St Louis in its prime.[4]
In 1985 he received the National Heritage Fellowship in recognition of being a master artist. In 1995 he was inducted into the St. Louis Walk of Fame.
Townsend died, at the age of 96, on September 24, 2006, at St. Mary's Ozaukee Hospital, Mequon, Wisconsin, just hours after having been the first person to be presented with a 'key' in Grafton's Paramount Plaza Walk of Fame.
On February 10, 2008 Henry Townsend received a Grammy Award at the 50th Annual Grammy Awards in the Best Traditional Blues Album category for his performances on Last of the Great Mississippi Delta Bluesmen: Live In Dallas released by The Blue Shoe Project.
Selected discography
- 1966: Blues Rediscoveries (Folkways Records)
- 1970: The Country Blues: Vol. 2 (Folkways Records)
- 1973: Henry T. Music Man (Adelphi Records AD1016)
- 1984: The Blues in St. Louis, Vol. 3: Henry Townsend (Folkways Records)
- 2003: Classic Blues from Smithsonian Folkways (Smithsonian Folkways)
- 2008: Classic Piano Blues from Smithsonian Folkways (Smithsonian Folkways)
See also
References
- ^ a b Barlow, William (1989). "Looking Up At Down": The Emergence of Blues Culture, pp. 268-69. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. ISBN 0-87722-583-4.
- ^ Russell, Tony (1997). The Blues - From Robert Johnson to Robert Cray. Dubai: Carlton Books Limited. pp. 177–8. ISBN 1-85868-255-X.
- ^ Oliver, Paul. (1997). Conversations With the Blues. Second edition. Cambridge Unvisersity press. ISBN 0-521-591812-3
- ^ Townsend, Henry. (1999). A Blues Life: as Told to Bill Greensmith. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 0-252-02526-1
External links
- Blue Shoe Times outlining Henry's life
- The Blue Shoe Project non-profit organization
- Henry James Townsend's Myspace profile
- Illustrated Henry Townsend discography
- Townsend Discography on Folkways
- Townsend's Entry at the St. Louis Walk of Fame
- Interview with Henry Townsend on Paramount Recordings
- Streaming audio interview with Mr. Henry Townsend
- CD Review of Last of the Great Mississippi Delta Bluesman - Live in Dallas
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