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Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Mollusca

Class: Gastropoda

Subclass: Orthogastropoda

Superorder: Heterobranchia

Order: Opisthobranchia

Suborder: Nudibranchia

solid scientific name Opisthobranchia

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Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Mollusca

Class: Gastropoda

Subclass: Orthogastropoda

Superorder: Heterobranchia

Order: Opisthobranchia

Suborder: Nudibranchia

solid scientific name Opisthobranchia

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The snail and slug clade (Gastropoda) is a very vast class of invertebrates. They do not have a true "brain" per-se, but rather a group of ganglia. While it has not been conclusively proven that sea snails such as conches and abalone feel pain, there is evidence that Heterobranchia snails (such as the common garden snail) have nociceptors (pain receptors). In addition, fear conditioning and avoidance learning have been documented in snails of this clade.

That being said, "only the animal knows" if they feel pain, as we are unable to experience what they are experiencing at any given moment. It could be that pain is felt in a different way we are as of yet unaware of.

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It would depend on the cold blooded animal you are talking about.

If you are talking about reptiles and amphibians, it is likely that they feel pain to some degree.

If you are talking about fish, it is very debatable. Some studies state that they do feel pain, but some say they do not. This is because the brain of a fish is very different from that of a mammal, being brainstem dominated. Many behavioural studies have provided some evidence that they do indeed feel pain, though those studies have been debatable.

If you are talking about invertebrates (which are all cold blooded), the current evidence seems to favour that the majority do not feel pain, as they lack a spinal cord and cortex. However, there is behavioural evidence of pain in several invertebrate species. Examples include Gastropods (i.e. snails and slugs) that belong to clade Heterobranchia (such as the garden snail and slug), decapod crustaceans (ex. crabs, lobsters, shrimp) and flies belonging to the family Drosophila. All three of these examples have had at least one species demonstrate operant conditioning to negative stimuli. Octopuses have fairly large brains and appear to have nociceptors, and there is some evidence that they feel pain. However, evidence is scant for other invertabrates. Additionally, not only is there absence of evidence of pain in the majority of insects, but there is also evidence of absence of pain in them (ex. injured insects don't limp, locusts continue normal activity while being eaten).

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