high-five

CBS “The Early Show” weatherman Dave Price high-fives with Captain Michael Fitzpatrick, in east Baghdad December 31, 2008. Celebrities visited soldiers assigned to the 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 2nd Infantry Division.

High five.

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The high five is a celebratory gesture, usually executed by two people at a time. To properly execute a high five, each person raises a hand to make contact, or slap, the opposing raised hand of the other. If the initiator offers the right hand, the reciprocator offers the right hand, as one would with a traditional handshake. The hand and arm are usually extended in an upward fashion to form the "high" part, and the palms of each hand make physical contact in final execution of the gesture. The usual and ordinary five fingers of the human hand equal "five" in number, hence the name "high five". The gesture is currently most commonly employed to communicate mutual satisfaction between spectators and between participants alike, during a sporting event, or to extend congratulations from one person to another in any informal setting.

A related gesture, the "high ten" involves the initiator raising two hands simultaneously to another person, and then making contact with both the reciprocator's hands. This is also commonly known as a "double high five".

If one initiates a high five (or any variation thereof) by offering a hand, and no reciprocal hand appears to consummate the gesture, the initiator is said to have been "left hanging". This is considered, in social circles, to be somewhat embarrassing, or enlightening, depending on who the person is. Initiating a high five excessively can also be considered quite annoying to non-initiators.

Origins

The exact American origin of the high five remains unknown, although some baseball fans have credited the introduction of the high five to Glenn Burke and Dusty Baker. Burke was known to initiate the gesture during his relatively brief career with the late 1970s Los Angeles Dodgers.^[1] However, the high five was clearly in wide use before Glenn Burke brought it to Major League Baseball.

Earlier examples include:

• Dean Martin is seen to initiate a high five with Louis Armstrong (after their rendition of "When The Saints Go Marching In" in an episode of the Dean Martin Show that aired on September 26, 1966.^[2]

• In the 1941 Abbott & Costello film In The Navy, in which the Andrews Sisters perform the song "Gimme Some Skin, My Friend". During this musical number, high fives and high tens (see below) are frequently exchanged by the performers in the revue.

• In the 1927 film The Jazz Singer, actor Al Jolson executes the low five in celebration of the news of a Broadway audition, illustrating that these gestures were used in music circles, at least as early as 1927, and probably earlier, since moving pictures borrowed from gestures that were already in common use. The gesture has since spread to sports and into broader popular culture.

Variations

In addition to the standard high five, several types of "five" exist, and this factor adds variety to the experience, which tends to maximize the satisfaction of participants. The "low five" had already been known, during the 1940s, in African-American Vernacular English (AAVE) as "giving skin" or "slapping skin".

"Too slow"

The "too slow" variation of a high five occurs when one appears to be engaging in a high five initiation; however, the initiator succeeds in pulling their hand away before anyone can make contact.^[3] This is the only known "five" that may be used as an insult as well as a compliment, and, as early as 1971, was commonly followed by the taunting expression "too slow, buffalo!"

There are many variations on this theme, with additions of "at the side" and other hand positions for the partner to contact the initiator's hand, and thus a greater number of opportunities for the initiator to deceive the victim.

"Up high."

"Down low."

Victim misses.

"Too slow."

Air five

Two people engaging in air five.

An air five is a variation of the normal high five; however, the hands of the participants never physically touch.^[4] This is commonly implemented if the participants are too far apart in proximity to engage in the typical high five. The participants may simply pretend to high five, or may make a mouth-noise to emulate the sound, use voices, or even slap the bottom of their forearms simultaneously, to produce a slapping sound similar to a physical high five.

In popular culture

On August 29, 2009, 27-year-old Dubliner Michael Cotter eclipsed the previous Guinness World Record for "most high fives in 24 hours (individual)" in Dun Laoghaire, Dublin, at the Newtownsmith Stage area of the Dun Laoghaire Festival of World Cultures. Mr. Cotter high fived exactly 5,000 people in a charity event for UNICEF at the festival, which toppled the previous record held by Blake Rodgers of Rhode Island who high-fived 3,131 people at the Dunkin Donuts Center in Providence, Rhode Island, on September 6, 2008. Prior to Cotter's world record setting event, he described his feelings by saying this: "I love giving high fives. I've been doing it for years, and at festivals before this I've given thousands just for a laugh. It's an entire conversation, without words. It doesn't matter what language you speak or how old you are, it's a great feeling. What a great thing to support, the provision of clean water for children. It's something everyone I know just takes for granted, but hopefully we can do our bit and get enough people to participate". For every high five given, 1000 litres of water was donated to Africa by the Medentech company (5 million liters of water was the total donated). Blake Rodgers has vowed to topple Cotter's record. See Mr. Rodgers' good-natured vow here.

There have been examples (musical, comedic, etc.) of the high five in pop culture:

• The Pink song U + Ur Hand (2006) indicates "You know who you are / High fivin', talking (expletive) / But you're going home alone arentcha".
• The Jay-Z song Empire State of Mind (feat. Alicia Keys) (2009) has Jay-Z "[s]itting courtside, Knicks and Nets give me high fives".
• "The Todd" from the series Scrubs will initiate high fives excessively.
• Barney Stinson from the series How I Met Your Mother will celebrate various conquests with a high five; sometimes even utilizing the "hypothetical" high five.
• David Puddy of Seinfeld is prone to giving strangers the high five, usually as a greeting, when it is neither suitable nor appropriate.
• In the episode of The Office entitled "Halloween", Jim and Pam engage in the air five variation of the high five while they are both sitting at their respective workstations.
• In the short-lived animated MTV series Clone High, Gandhi's clone is fond of high fives. In Season 1, Episode 10, Litter Kills; the Gandhi character requests under-the-table fives from the Joan of Arc character when she visits him in jail. An example of a high five "left hanging" can be seen in Season 1, Episode 3, A.D.D.: The Last 'D' Is for Disorder.
• The gang in Saved by the Bell would frequently participate in a group high five at the end of the show. The camera would typically freeze on the high five right before the credits started.
• The high five also featured prominently in the recurring sketch "The High-Five’n White Guys" on the Seattle comedy show Almost Live!
• Sacha Noam Baron Cohen, during his run on "Da Ali G Show" often initiated the traditional high five in a humorous manner. Cohen's character Borat Sagdiyev would initiate high fives upon first learning of and telling strangers of his wife's death in the film Borat and numerous media appearances plugging the film.
• In the Family Guy episode "Meet the Quagmires", Peter and Cleveland engage in a "slap five" sequence that includes meeting at a certain address in an hour to slap five.
• The Local H song High-Fiving MF.
• During the volleyball scene in Top Gun, the stars high fived by slapping hands above their heads in the conventional manner and then low down (as the two high five-ees walk past each other)
• The 1994 film Blank Check shows a variant, where a hand is offered for a high five, then suddenly removed and slid through the slide of the hair. This variant, also referred to as "the Slick",^{[citation needed]} is performed also in the episode "The World Series Defense" of the television show It's Always Sunny In Philadelphia.

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: High five

• National High- Five Day is celebrated on the third Thursday in April every year.
• The Matt Gray High Five Face Off Shows many different styles of high five.
• High Five Me includes further information on the history and different forms of the high five, plus detailed information on the science of the high five.
• The Man Who Claims to Have Invented the High-Five includes the story of Glenn Burke's supposed invention of the high five, which was probably merely the introduction of the high five to Major League Baseball.
• Gimme 5: History of a Handshake documentary.
• High-Five Hollywood: A video with cameos by Will Ferrell, Mary Steenburgen, Milo Ventimiglia, and Ryan Seacrest
• Internet High Five

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