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The history of the Caucasus region can be divided into the history of the Northern Caucasus (Ciscaucasia), historically in the sphere of influence of Scythia and Southern Russia (Eastern Europe), and that of the Southern Caucasus (Transcaucasia; Caucasian Albania, Georgia, Armenia), in the sphere of influence of Anatolia, Assyira and Persia (Southwest Asia).
In Modern times, the Southern Caucasus was part of the Ottoman Empire while the Northern Caucasus was conquered into the Russian Empire in the 19th century (Caucasian Wars).
Following the end of the Soviet Union, Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia became independent in 1991.
The Caucasus region is subject to various territorial disputes since the collapse of the Soviet Union, leading to the Nagorno-Karabakh War (1988-1994), the Ossetian-Ingush conflict (1989-1991), the War in Abkhazia (1992–1993), the First Chechen War, 1994–1996 and the Second Chechen War (1999–present).
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Prehistory
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It has been suggested that Nakh peoples#Prehistory be merged into this article or section. (Discuss) |
Stone Age
Bronze Age
Iron Age
Classical Antiquity
- Caucasian Albania
- Colchis
- Mushki
- Achaemenid Empire
- Sassanid Empire
- Greater Armenia
- Kingdom of Abkhazia
Middle Ages
Modern history
- Ottoman Empire
- Karabakh Khanate
- Russian Empire
- Russian Civil War
- (Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic
- Soviet Union
- Nagorno-Karabakh War (1988-1994)
- Ossetian-Ingush conflict (1989-1991)
- Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (1991-2000)
- Republic of Georgia (since 1991)
- Republic of Armenia (since 1991)
- War in Abkhazia (1992–1993)
- First Chechen War, 1994–1996
- Second Chechen War, 1999–2006
- 2008 South Ossetia war, 2008
See also
- North Caucasus
- South Caucasus
- History of Georgia (country)
- History of Armenia
- History of Azerbaijan
- History of Abkhazia
- History of Chechnya
- History of Nagorno-Karabakh
- Southern Russia
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