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Horseshoe kidney

 
Sci-Tech Dictionary: horseshoe kidney
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(′hör′shü ′kid·nē)

(medicine) Congenital fusion of two kidneys at one pole.

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Medical Dictionary: horseshoe kidney
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n.

The union of the lower, or occasionally the upper, extremities of the kidneys by a tissue band extending across the vertebral column.

Wikipedia: Horseshoe kidney
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Horseshoe kidney
Classification and external resources

Horseshoe kidney
ICD-10 Q63.1
ICD-9 753.3
DiseasesDB 6020
eMedicine med/2860 radio/348

Horseshoe kidney, also known as renal fusion, is a congenital disorder affecting about 1 in 400 people[1]. In this disorder, the patient's kidneys fuse together to form a horseshoe-shape during development in the womb.

Fusion abnormalities of the kidney can be categorized into two groups: horseshoe kidney and crossed fused ectopia. The horseshoe kidney is the most common renal fusion anomaly.

Contents

Presentation

In patients with this illness, the central portion of the kidney may be found just inferior to the inferior mesenteric artery because its embryologic ascent is arrested by its presence.[2] Persons affected by this disease may experience nausea, abdominal discomfort, kidney stones and urinary tract infections. There is currently no cure for renal fusion other than symptomatic treatment. The actor Mel Gibson is afflicted with this condition.

Associated conditions

While most cases of horseshoe kidneys are asymptomatic and discovered upon autopsy, the condition may increase the risk for:

  • Kidney Obstruction - abnormal placement of ureter may lead to obstruction and dilation of the kidney.
  • Kidney Infections - associated with vesicoureteral reflux.
  • Kidney Stones - deviant orientation of kidneys combined with slow urine flow and kidney obstruction may lead to kidney stones.
  • Kidney Cancer - increased risk of renal cancer, especially Wilms' tumor, transitional cell carcinoma, and carcinoid tumor. Despite increased risk, the overall risk is still relatively low.

The prevalence of horseshoe kidneys in females with Turner Syndrome is about 15%.[3]

It can be associated with trisomy 18.[4]

External links

References

  1. ^ Gupta M, Pandey AK, Goyal N (2007). "Horseshoe kidney--a case report". Nepal Medical College journal : NMCJ 9 (1): 63–6. PMID 17593682. 
  2. ^ Oktem H, Gozil R, Calguner E, et al (2008). "Morphometric study of a horseshoe kidney". Med Princ Pract 17 (1): 80–3. doi:10.1159/000109596. PMID 18059107. http://content.karger.com/produktedb/produkte.asp?typ=fulltext&file=000109596. 
  3. ^ Kleta R, Brämswig JH (2000). "1 Horseshoe kidney and Turner syndrome". Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 15 (7): 1094. doi:10.1093/ndt/15.7.1094-b. PMID 10862660. http://ndt.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/15/7/1094-b 1. 
  4. ^ "Renal Pathology". http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/RENAHTML/RENAL004.html. Retrieved 2008-11-26. 
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Congenital malformations and deformations of urinary system (Q60-Q64, 753)
Abdominal
Pelvic
Vestigial

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