Hsinchu or Hsin-chu (both: shĭn'jū') , city (1995 pop. 340,255), NW Taiwan. The city and surrounding area are noted for the production of tea, rice, oranges, and petroleum. Hsinchu has become an important computer and electronics engineering and manufacturing center. Other major industries include petroleum refining and the manufacture of cement, fertilizers, textiles, and glass. Iron ore, coal, gold, and silver are mined. Immigrants from the China mainland formed a colony at Hsinchu in the early 1700s. Since the 19th cent. the city has been a thriving commercial center.
Hsinchu
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| Hsinchu City 新竹市 |
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| Nickname(s): 風城 The Windy City | |||
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| Coordinates: 24°49′N 120°59′E / 24.817°N 120.983°E | |||
| Country |  Republic of China |
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|---|---|---|---|
| Region | Northwestern Taiwan | ||
| City seat | North District | ||
| Government | |||
| - Mayor | Lin Junq-Tzer (林政則) | ||
| Area | |||
| - Total | 104.0964 km2 (40.2 sq mi) | ||
| Population (October 2008) | |||
| - Total | 404,109 | ||
| - Density | 3,879.97/km2 (10,049.1/sq mi) | ||
| Bird | European Magpie (Pica pica) | ||
| Flower | Azalea | ||
| Website | http://en.hccg.gov.tw/ (English) | ||
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Hsinchu City (traditional Chinese: 新竹市; Tongyong Pinyin: Sinjhú Shìh; Hanyu Pinyin: Xīnzhú Shì; Wade-Giles: Hsin-chu Shih ; POJ: Sin-tek) is a city in northern Taiwan. Hsinchu is popularly nicknamed "The Windy City" (traditional Chinese: 風城; Tongyong Pinyin: Fongchéng; Hanyu Pinyin: Fēngchéng) for its windy climate.
Hsinchu City is administered as a provincial city of Taiwan Province in the Republic of China. The city is bordered by Hsinchu County to the north and east, Miaoli County to the south, and the Taiwan Strait to the west. Hsinchu City is composed of three districts: North District, East District, and Siangshan District.
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History
In 1626, after Spain occupied northern Taiwan, Spanish missionaries arrived at Tek-khàm (竹塹; sm: zhúqiàn), where the Taokas Taiwanese aborigines lived. During the Qing Dynasty, it was renamed Hsinchu. In the 21st year of Kuang Hsu's Regime, Hsinchu Sub Office was established, responsible for independent administration on June 24. In June of the 24th Year of Kuang Hsu's Regime, it altered its local official system again. Hsinchu County was abolished. It was then under the administration of Hsinchu Administration Office, Taipei County. On November 11, 27th Year of Kuang Hsu's Regime, it established the Hsinchu Office. In 1920, Hsinchu Street was established, with the founding of Hsinchu Street District Office. In 1930, the city system was applied. It was renamed as Hsinchu City, under the governing of Hsinchu-Chou, with the establishment of Hsinchu City Office. In 1941, its administration district was expanded, merging with Siangshan and Chiou Kang, and became a part of Liu Chia Chuang.
On October 25, 1945, with the return of Taiwan province from Japan to China, the Kuomintang (KMT; Chinese Nationalists) established the Hsinchu City Government to govern Hsinchu-Chou. In 1946, the Take Over Committee dissolved and Hsinchu County Government was formed. Hsinchu County Government was moved to Taoyuan. As the administrative districts were readjusted, it became a Provincially governed city, using the original Chou office as its legal office, with seven district offices. In February of the same year, representative congress was formed in every district. On April 15, City Congress was formed. Provincial Representatives were elected from the city legislators, to become legislative bodies of different levels.
On August 16, 1950, the administrative districts in Taiwan were re-adjusted once more, demarcating 16 counties and 5 provincially governed cities.
In June 1982, under the President's order, the Siangshan Township of Hsinchu County would merge into Hsinchu City, and the new entity would become a provincially-governed city. The new government of the provincially-governed city of Hsinchu was legally established on July 1, 1982, with 103 lis, and 1635 lins. The City Government is located on 120 Chung Cheng Road, the former Hsinchu-Chou Office.
In end of June 1983, there were three Bureaus (Civil Service, Public Works, and Education), four Departments (Finance, Social Welfare, Compulsory Military Service, and Land Affairs), four offices (Secretary, Planning, Personnel, and Auditing), and 49 sections (units, teams) under the City Government's organization to provide services for various urban affairs. Affiliate institutions include the Police Department, Tax Department, and Medicine and Hygiene Department.
By the end of 1982, the city was classified into east, north and Hsian Shan districts. By the order of the provincial government, the east, north and Hsian Shan district administration offices were posted on October 1 and then they were formally established on November 1 in the same year.
From 1994 to 1999, according to the "Regulation for Hsinchu City Government, Hsinchu City Government," "Local System Law", and "Guidelines for Local Administrative Organizations", we stipulated "Regulations for Self-Governing of Hsinchu City Government". We also established the Moral Office and stipulated the number of personnel in the Government to be 347. We added a deputy mayor, consumer officer, and three consultants. In 2002, in order to coordinate with Mayor Lin's labor policy, we established the Bureau of Labor and transferred the business of the Compulsory Military Service to the Department of Civil Service.
Administration
| Hsinchu has 3 districts (區 qu): | District | Population | Land area | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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as of 2009 | km² | ||
| ■ East-qu | 東區 | 193,31 | 33.5768 | |
| ■ North-qu | 北區 | 142,624 | 15.7267 | |
| ■ Xiangshan-qu | 香山區 | 71,453 | 54.8491 |
Economy
The city is the base for high technology industry in Taiwan. Hsinchu Science and Technology Industrial Park is home to 360 high tech companies including TSMC, Philips, United Microelectronics Corporation, Holtek and AU Optronics. As a result, the city has the highest income level.
The purpose of the park was to attract high technology investment to Taiwan and to make the area the economic center for the information industry. The park was designed to cater for high quality R&D, production, work, life and also recreation. From its establishment in 1978, the government had invested 30.8 billion NTD on software and hardware ventures. In 2001, it developed 2.5km2 of land in the Park and 0.5km2 in southern Hsinchu, attracting 312 high-tech companies' investments. Viewing the performance of Hsinchu Science and Industrial Park in the past 21 years, it can be said that it holds a decisive position in the economic development in Taiwan, with international acclaim.
Although, the semi-conductor and related electronic business have been doing well, they have fierce competition from Japan, Korea, United States and Singapore. This has resulted in lower profits and over-supply of some electronic products such as memory and semi-conductors. Therefore manufacturers, government, academia, and the R&D sectors all recognized the challenges faced by Taiwan high-tech development. The government has endeavored to upgrade Hsinchu Science and Industrial Park into a global manufacturing and R&D center of high-end products. They also planned to intensify the cooperation among the manufacturing, academic, and research sectors, by introducing incubation centers, in order to elevate the technological standard in the park. Further, through the development of the northern, central, and southern industrial park and its satellite sites, it is hope to sow the seeds of high tech business in all of Taiwan, leading into the real high tech development era.
Education
International and American Schools (grade school and secondary school)
Elementary Schools
Colleges & Universities
- National Chiao Tung University
- National Tsing Hua University
- Chung Hua University
- Hsuan Chuang University
- Yuanpei Institute of Science and Technology
- National Hsinchu University of Education
Secondary Schools
- National Experimental High School
- National Hsinchu Senior High School
- National Hsinchu First Girls' High School
- Shu Guang Girls' Senior High School
Main Attractions
- Hsinchu Municipal Glass Art Museum
- Hsinchu Municipal Zoo
- Eighteen Peaks Mountain Park
- Chenghuang Temple Night Market
| Name | Feature | Location |
|---|---|---|
| Chenghuang Temple Night Market | Most of the old stands in Cheng-huang Temple are of 50-years-old history, the famous snacks here are Hsin-chu meat balls, pork balls, spring rolls, braised pork rice, cuttlefish thick soup, rice noodles, and cow tongue shaped cakes | Cheng-huang Temple and fa-lian shrine square |
quote from Tourism Bureau, MOTC, R.O.C.
Transportation
Local delicacies
- Hsinchu Style Ba wan
- Rice noodles
- Pork meatballs
Notable natives
- Chi Cheng, the Olympic medalist in track & field.
- Yuan T. Lee, the 1986 Nobel Prize laureate in Chemistry.
- John Chiang, Taiwanese politician.
- Lin Cho-liang, Taiwanese American violinist
- Hebe Tien, singer, actress, host and member of Taiwanese pop group S.H.E
- David Wu, member of the U.S. House of Representatives for the state of Oregon since 1999.
- Cyndi Wang, Singer
- Chen Qiao En, Singer, actress, 7F Member
Climate
Hsinchu's climate is marine tropical.[1] The city is located in a part of the island that has a rainy season that lasts from February to September, with the heaviest time coming late April through August during the southwest monsoon, and also experiences meiyu in May and early June.[2] The city succumbs to hot humid weather from June until September, while October to December are arguably the most pleasant times of year. Hsinchu is affected by easterly winds off of the China Sea. Natural hazards such as typhoons and earthquakes are common in the region.[3]
 Weather averages for Hsinchu, Taiwan (1992-2000)  |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 18.8 (66) |
18.7 (66) |
21.0 (70) |
25.0 (77) |
28.0 (82) |
30.8 (87) |
32.7 (91) |
32.2 (90) |
30.5 (87) |
27.5 (82) |
25.0 (77) |
21.3 (70) |
26.0 (79) |
| Daily Mean °C (°F) | 15.3 (60) |
15.3 (60) |
17.6 (64) |
21.5 (71) |
24.4 (76) |
27.4 (81) |
28.7 (84) |
28.3 (83) |
26.6 (80) |
24.0 (75) |
21.1 (70) |
17.9 (64) |
22.3 (72) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 12.7 (55) |
12.7 (55) |
14.9 (59) |
18.5 (65) |
21.2 (70) |
24.3 (76) |
25.4 (78) |
25.3 (78) |
23.5 (74) |
21.3 (70) |
18.2 (65) |
15.2 (59) |
19.4 (67) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 64.4 (2.54) |
191.3 (7.53) |
172.8 (6.8) |
161.4 (6.35) |
247.2 (9.73) |
266.1 (10.48) |
108.2 (4.26) |
190.5 (7.5) |
95.1 (3.74) |
59.4 (2.34) |
35.6 (1.4) |
47.0 (1.85) |
1,639.0 (64.53) |
| Sunshine hours | 98.2 | 84.8 | 85.0 | 103.0 | 136.6 | 185.0 | 230.9 | 205.7 | 206.8 | 191.4 | 150.2 | 128.4 | 1,806.0 |
| % Humidity | 78.9 | 80.1 | 83.1 | 80.9 | 79.8 | 78.3 | 75.9 | 78.0 | 75.1 | 76.4 | 76.3 | 76.3 | 78.3 |
| Avg. precipitation days | 9.8 | 13.8 | 14.1 | 13.1 | 11.7 | 10.2 | 8.2 | 11.2 | 6.8 | 5.4 | 4.6 | 7.7 | 116.6 |
| Source: [4] 2009-06-08 | |||||||||||||
Transportation
Sister cities
- Richland, Washington State, United States of America
- Cupertino, State of California, United States of America
- Plano, State of Texas, United States of America
- Cary, State of North Carolina, United States of America
- Beaverton, State of Oregon, United States of America
- Okayama, Okayama, Japan
See also
 |
This article contains Chinese text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Chinese characters. |
- Administrative divisions of the Republic of China
- Township (Taiwan)
- List of cities in the Republic of China (Taiwan)
- Republic of China
References
- ^ "Field Listing - Climate". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2059.html. Retrieved on 2006-03-08.
- ^ "Monthly Mean Days of Precipitation". Climate Data. ROC Central Weather Bureau. http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V4e/climate/Data/table2_e.html. Retrieved on 2006-03-08.[dead link]
- ^ "Rescuers hunt quake survivors". BBC. 1999-09-21. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/453087.stm.
- ^ "Statistics > Monthly Mean". Central Weather Bureau. http://www.cwb.gov.tw/eng/index.htm.
External links
Definitions from Wiktionary
Textbooks from Wikibooks
Quotations from Wikiquote
Source texts from Wikisource
Images and media from Commons
News stories from Wikinews
Learning resources from Wikiversity
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