A diuretic drug, C7H8ClN3O4S2, used in the treatment of hypertension.
[HYDRO– + CHLORO– + THIAZ(OLE) + –IDE.]
Dictionary:
hy·dro·chlo·ro·thi·a·zide (hī'drə-klôr'ə-thī'ə-zīd', -klōr'-) ![]() |
A diuretic drug, C7H8ClN3O4S2, used in the treatment of hypertension.
[HYDRO– + CHLORO– + THIAZ(OLE) + –IDE.]
| 5min Related Video: hydrochlorothiazide |
| Dental Dictionary: hydrochlorothiazide |
trade names: Esidrix, Hydro DIURIL; drug class: thiazide diuretic; action: acts on distal tubule by increasing excretion of water, sodium, chloride, potassium; uses: edema, hypertension, diuresis, congestive heart failure.
| Veterinary Dictionary: hydrochlorothiazide |
A thiazide diuretic; sometimes used for an antidiuretic effect in the treatment of diabetes insipidus in dogs.
| WordNet: hydrochlorothiazide |
The noun has one meaning:
Meaning #1:
a diuretic drug (trade name Esidrix and HydroDIURIL) used in the treatment of hypertension
Synonyms: Esidrix, HydroDIURIL
| Wikipedia: Hydrochlorothiazide |
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Hydrochlorothiazide
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| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
| 6-chloro-1,1-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| ATC code | C03 |
| PubChem | |
| ChemSpider | |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C7H8ClN3O4S2 |
| Mol. mass | 297.74 |
| SMILES | & |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | Variably absorbed from GI tract |
| Metabolism | does not undergo significant metabolism (>95% excreted unchanged in urine)[1] |
| Half life | 5.6-14.8 hours |
| Excretion | Primarily excreted unchanged in urine |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. |
B (D if used to treat pregnancy-induced hypertension) |
| Legal status |
℞ Prescription only |
| Routes | Oral (capsules, tablets, oral solution) |
Hydrochlorothiazide, abbreviated HCTZ, HCT, or HZT, is a first line diuretic drug of the thiazide class that acts by inhibiting the kidneys' ability to retain water. This reduces the volume of the blood, decreasing blood return to the heart and thus cardiac output and, by other mechanisms, is believed to lower peripheral vascular resistance. Hydrochlorothiazide is sold both as a generic drug and under a large number of brand names, including Apo-Hydro, Aquazide H, Dichlotride, Hydrodiuril, HydroSaluric, Microzide, Esidrex, and Oretic.
Contents |
Hydrochlorothiazide belongs to the thiazide class of diuretics, acting on the kidneys to reduce sodium (Na) reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule. This increases the osmolarity in the lumen, causing less water to be reabsorbed by the collecting ducts. This leads to increased urinary output.
HCTZ is often used in the treatment of hypertension, congestive heart failure, symptomatic edema and the prevention of kidney stones. It is effective for nephrogenic diabetes insipidus and is also sometimes used for hypercalciuria, Dent's disease and Meniere's disease.
Hypokalemia, an occasional side effect, can be usually prevented by potassium supplements or by combining hydrochlorothiazide with a potassium-sparing diuretic.
Thiazides are also used in the treatment of osteoporosis. Thiazides decrease mineral bone loss by promoting calcium retention in the kidney, and by directly stimulating osteoblast differentiation and bone mineral formation.[2]
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This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)
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![]() | Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2007. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Read more | |
![]() | Dental Dictionary. Mosby's Dental Dictionary. Copyright © 2004 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. Read more | |
![]() | Veterinary Dictionary. Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary 3rd Edition. Copyright © 2007 by D.C. Blood, V.P. Studdert and C.C. Gay, Elsevier. All rights reserved. Read more | |
![]() | WordNet. WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. Read more | |
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