n.
A poisonous white crystalline alkaloid, C17H23NO3, isometric with atropine and having similar uses but more potent effects.
[New Latin Hyoscyamus, henbane genus; see hyoscine + -INE2.]
hyoscyamine
Dictionary:
hy·o·scy·a·mine (hī'ə-sī'ə-mēn') 
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| 5min Related Video: hyoscyamine |
| Drug Info: Hyoscyamine |
Brand names: A-Spas™ S/LAnaspaz®Colidrops®Colytrol™ DropsCystospaz®Cystospaz-M®Hyco®Hyosol® SLHyospaz®Hyosyne™IB Stat™Levbid®Levsin®Levsin® SLLevsinex®Losamine™Medispaz™Neosol™Nulev®Spacol® LiquidSpasdel™Symax™ DuotabsSymax™ SLSymax™ SRSymax® FasTabs™
Chemical formula:
- Drug Forms:
- Hyoscyamine Sulfate Oral disintegrating tablet (below)
- Hyoscyamine tablets or capsules
- Hyoscyamine injection
- Hyoscyamine oral disintegrating tablets
- Hyoscyamine biphasic tablets or sustained-release capsules or tablets
- Hyoscyamine Sulfate Elixir
- Hyoscyamine Sulfate Oral capsule, extended-release
- Hyoscyamine Sulfate Oral drops, solution
- Hyoscyamine Sulfate Oral solution
- Hyoscyamine Sulfate Oral tablet
- Hyoscyamine Sulfate Oral tablet, biphasic release
- Hyoscyamine Sulfate Oral tablet, extended-release
- Hyoscyamine Sulfate Solution for injection
- Hyoscyamine Sulfate Sublingual tablet
- Español:
- Sulfato de Hiosciamina, Tableta que se desintegra por vía oral
- Tabletas o cápsulas de hiosciamina
- Inyección de hiosciamina
- Tabletas de hiosciamina que se desintegran por vía oral
- Sulfato de Hiosciamina, Elixir
- Sulfato de Hiosciamina, Cápsula oral de liberación prolongada
- Sulfato de hiosciamina, Solución para gotas orales
- Sulfato de Hiosciamina, Solución oral
- Sulfato de Hiosciamina, Tableta oral
- Sulfato de hiosciamina, Tableta oral de liberación bifásica
- Sulfato de Hiosciamina, Tableta oral de liberación prolongada
- Sulfato de hiosciamina, Solución para inyección
- Sulfato de Hiosciamina, Tableta sublingual
Hyoscyamine Sulfate Oral disintegrating tablet
What is this medicine?
HYOSCYAMINE (hye oh SYE a meen) is used to treat stomach and bladder problems. This medicine is also used for rhinitis, to reduce some problems caused by Parkinson's disease, and as an antidote for certain drug overdoses.
This medicine may be used for other purposes; ask your health care provider or pharmacist if you have questions.
What should I tell my health care provider before I take this medicine?
They need to know if you have any of these conditions:
•difficulty passing urine
•glaucoma
•heart disease, or previous heart attack
•myasthenia gravis
•prostate trouble
•stomach obstruction
•ulcerative colitis
•an unusual or allergic reaction to hyoscyamine, other medicines, foods, dyes, or preservatives
•pregnant or trying to get pregnant
•breast-feeding
How should I use this medicine?
Take this medicine by mouth. Follow the directions on the prescription label. These tablets are made to dissolve in the mouth. Place the tablet in the mouth and allow it to dissolve, then swallow. While you may take these tablets with water, it is not necessary to do so. Take your doses at regular intervals. Do not take your medicine more often than directed.
Talk to your pediatrician regarding the use of this medicine in children. Special care may be needed. While this medicine may be prescribed for children as young as 12 years for selected conditions, precautions do apply.
Overdosage: If you think you have taken too much of this medicine contact a poison control center or emergency room at once.
NOTE: This medicine is only for you. Do not share this medicine with others.
What if I miss a dose?
If you miss a weekly dose, take it as soon as you can. Do not take double or extra doses.What may interact with this medicine?
•amantadine
•antacids
•benztropine
•donepezil
•galantamine
•medicines for hay fever and other allergies
•medicines for mental depression
•medicines for mental problems or psychotic disturbances
•rivastigmine
•tacrine
This list may not describe all possible interactions. Give your health care provider a list of all the medicines, herbs, non-prescription drugs, or dietary supplements you use. Also tell them if you smoke, drink alcohol, or use illegal drugs. Some items may interact with your medicine.
What should I watch for while using this medicine?
You may get dizzy. Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs mental alertness until you know how this medicine affects you. To reduce the risk of dizzy or fainting spells, do not sit or stand up quickly, especially if you are an older patient. Alcohol can make you more dizzy. Avoid alcoholic drinks.
Stay out of bright light and wear sunglasses if this medicine makes your eyes more sensitive to light.
Your mouth may get dry. Chewing sugarless gum or sucking hard candy, and drinking plenty of water may help. Contact your doctor if the problem does not go away or is severe.
This medicine may cause dry eyes and blurred vision. If you wear contact lenses you may feel some discomfort. Lubricating drops may help. See your eye doctor if the problem does not go away or is severe.
Avoid extreme heat (e.g., hot tubs, saunas). This medicine can cause you to sweat less than normal. Your body temperature could increase to dangerous levels, which may lead to heat stroke.
What side effects may I notice from receiving this medicine?
Side effects that you should report to your doctor or health care professional as soon as possible:
•anxiety, nervousness
•confusion
•dizziness or fainting spells
•fast heartbeat
•fever
•pain or difficulty passing urine
•unusually weak or tired
•vomiting
Side effects that usually do not require medical attention (report to your doctor or health care professional if they continue or are bothersome):
•altered taste
•constipation
•nausea
This list may not describe all possible side effects. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Where should I keep my medicine?
Keep out of the reach of children.
Store at room temperature between 15 and 30 degrees C (59 and 86 degrees F). Throw away any unused medicine after the expiration date.
Last updated: 5/20/2005 1:33:00 PM
Important Disclaimer: The drug information provided here is for educational purposes only. It is intended to supplement, not substitute for, the diagnosis, treatment and advice of a medical professional. This drug information does not cover all possible uses, precautions, side effects and interactions. It should not be construed to indicate that this or any drug is safe for you. Consult your medical professional for guidance before using any prescription or over the counter drugs.
| Veterinary Dictionary: hyoscyamine |
An anticholinergic alkaloid usually obtained from species of the plant Hyoscyamus and other solanaceous plants. It is the levorotatory component of atropine with actions and uses similar to those of atropine but with more potent effects.
| Wikipedia: Hyoscyamine |
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Hyoscyamine
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| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
| (8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-yl) 3-hydroxy-2-phenyl-propanoate | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 101-31-5 |
| ATC code | A03BA03 |
| PubChem | 3661 |
| DrugBank | APRD00607 |
| ChemSpider | 10246417 |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C17H23NO3 |
| Mol. mass | 289.375 g/mol |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 50% Protein binding |
| Metabolism | Hepatic |
| Half life | 3-5 hrs. |
| Excretion | Urine |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. |
C |
| Legal status |
Prescription only (US) |
| Routes | Oral, Injection |
 (what is this?) (verify) |
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Hyoscyamine, pronounced hee-oh-skee-ah-meen, is a chemical compound, a tropane alkaloid. It is the levorotary isomer to atropine. It is a secondary metabolite found in certain plants of the Solanaceae family, including henbane (Hyoscyamus niger), mandrake (Mandragora officinarum), jimsonweed (Datura stramonium), and deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna).
Brand names for hyoscyamine include Symax, HyoMax, Anaspaz, Buwecon, Cystospaz, Levsin, Levbid, Donnamar, NuLev, Buscopan (containing the derivative hyoscine-N-butylbromide), Hyospasmol (also hyoscine-N-butylbromide) and Neoquess.
Contents |
Uses
Hyoscyamine is used to provide symptomatic relief to various gastrointestinal disorders including spasms, peptic ulcers, irritable bowel syndrome, pancreatitis, colic and cystitis. It has also been used to relieve some heart problems, control some of the symptoms of Parkinson's disease, as well as for control of respiratory secretions in palliative care. It is may be useful in pain control for neuropathic pain treated with opioids as it increases the level of analgesia obtained. Several mechanisms are thought to contribute to this effect. The closely related drugs atropine and scopolamine and other members of the anticholinergic drug group like cyclobenzaprine, trihexyphenidyl, and orphenadrine are also used for this purpose. When hyoscyamine is used along with opioids or other anti-peristaltic agents, measures to prevent constipation are especially important given the risk of paralytic ileus.
Side effects
Side effects include dry mouth and throat, eye pain, blurred vision, restlessness, dizziness, arrythmia, flushing, and faintness. An overdose will cause headache, nausea, vomiting, and central nervous system symptoms including disorientation, hallucinations, euphoria, sexual arousal, short-term memory loss, and possible coma in extreme cases. Some people can experience transient combativeness. The euphoric and sexual effects are stronger than those of atropine but weaker than those of scopolamine, as well as dicycloverine, orphenadrine, cyclobenzaprine, trihexyphenidyl (street name Sexy Trihexy), ethanolamine antihistamines like phentyltoloxamine and the like
Pharmacology
Hyoscyamine is an anticholinergic, specifically an antimuscarinic, working by blocking the action of acetylcholine at parasympathetic sites in smooth muscle, secretory glands and the CNS; increases cardiac output, dries secretions, and antagonizes serotonin. At comparable doses, hyoscyamine has 98 per cent of the anticholinergic power of atropine and the other major belladonna-derived drug scopolamine having 92 per cent of the antimuscarinic potency of atropine.
Isolation
Hyoscyamine can be extracted from plants of the Solanaceae family, notably Datura stramonium. Empirically it is C17H23NO3. Its structural name is α-(hydroxymethyl)-, 8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-yl ester, [3(S)-endo]-1αH,5αH-Tropan-3α-ol. Do not crush, chew, or divide the extended-release capsules, otherwise, an overdose will result.
External links
References
Drug Information Handbook 11th Ed. pp. 710-11. Lexi-Comp
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This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)
Learn More
 | Atropine; Hyoscyamine; Phenobarbital; Scopolamine |
| tropane alkaloid |
| hyoscine |
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 | Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Drug Info. Gold Standard. Copyright © 2008 by Gold Standard. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Veterinary Dictionary. Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary 3rd Edition. Copyright © 2007 by D.C. Blood, V.P. Studdert and C.C. Gay, Elsevier. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Hyoscyamine". Read more |
