A heightened sense of smell can be called hyperosmia.

Hyperosmia is an increased olfactory acuity (heightened sense of smell), usually caused by a lower threshold for odor.[1] This perceptual disorder arises when there is an abnormally increased signal at any point between the olfactory receptors and the olfactory cortex. The causes of hyperosmia may be genetic or environmental.

Anosmia, the loss of the sense of smell. It is the most common smelling disorder.

The following are disorders of olfaction, or sense of smell:

* Anosmia - lack of ability to smell

* Cacosmia - things smell like feces

* Dysosmia - things smell differently than they should

* Hyperosmia - an abnormally acute sense of smell.

* Hyposmia - decreased ability to smell

* Olfactory Reference Syndrome - psychological disorder which causes the patient to imagine he has strong body odor

* Parosmia - things smell worse than they should

* Phantosmia - "hallucinated smell," often unpleasant in nature