DefinitionBeckwith-Wiedemann syndrome is a congenital (present from birth) growth disorder that causes large body size, large organs, and other symptoms.
Causes, incidence, and risk factorsThe cause of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome is unknown, but it may be genetic. Most cases are associated with a defect in chromosome number 11.
Infancy can be a critical period because of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), omphalocele (when present), and an increased rate of tumor development. Wilm's tumor and adrenal carcinoma are the most common tumor's in patients with this syndrome.
SymptomsSigns and testsThe signs of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome include:
- A ridge in the forehead caused by premature closure of the bones (metopic ridge)
- Enlarged fontanelle (soft spot)
- Enlarged kidneys, liver, and spleen
- Large size (90th percentile)
- Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia)
Tests for Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome include:
TreatmentInfants with low blood sugar may be treated fluids given through a vein ( intravenous solutions).
Defects in the abdominal wall may need to be repaired. The child must be watched closely for the development of tumors.
Expectations (prognosis)Children with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome who survive infancy do well, although no long-term follow-up information is available. Mental development appears to be normal to very slightly decreased. Swelling of the tongue can cause problems with feeding and sleeping.
Complications- Development of tumors
- Feeding problems
- Hypoglycemia
- Respiratory difficulties from obstruction due to large tongue
- Seizures
Calling your health care providerIf you have a child with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and worrisome symptoms develop, call your pediatrician immediately.
PreventionThere is no known prevention for Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. Genetic counseling may be of value for families who would like to have additional children.
