(medicine) The congenital absence of teeth. Also known as anodontia; oligodontia.
Hypodontia
| Sci-Tech Dictionary: hypodontia |
(′hī·pə′dän·chə)
| 5min Related Video: Hypodontia |
| Dental Dictionary: hypodontia |
| Medical Dictionary: hy·po·don·ti·a |
(hī'pō-dŏn'shē-ə, -shə)
n.
n.
A usually congenital condition of having fewer than the normal number of teeth. Also called oligodontia.
| Veterinary Dictionary: hypodontia |
Partial anodontia.
| Wikipedia: Hypodontia |
| Hypodontia | |
|---|---|
| Classification and external resources | |
| ICD-10 | K00.0 |
| ICD-9 | 520.0 |
| MeSH | D000848 |
In dentistry, hypodontia is the condition at which the patient has missing teeth as a result of their failure to develop. Hypodontia describes a situation where the patient is missing 6 teeth or less, excluding the 3rd molars or wisdom teeth. Missing third molars occur in 9-30% of population. In primary dentition the maxilla is more affected, with the condition usually involving the maxillary lateral incisor.
The condition of missing over 6 teeth, excluding 3rd molars or wisdom teeth, is called oligodontia. The condition for missing all teeth, either primary and/or permanent), is called anodontia. A similar condition is hyperdontia, in which there are more than the usual number of teeth.
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Prevalence
In caucasians, the most common missing teeth are the wisdom teeth (25-35%), the upper lateral incisors (2%) the lower second premolars (3%), or the upper second premolar, with a 4:1 female to male ratio. The prevalance of missing primary teeth is found at 0.1-0.9%, with a 1:1 male to female ratio. Excluding the third molars, missing permanent dentition accounts for 3.5-6.5%.
30-50% of people with missing primary teeth, will have missing permanent teeth .
Etiology
The cause of isolated missing teeth remains unclear, but the condition is believed to be associated with genetic or environmental factors during development. Missing teeth have been reported in association with increased maternal age, low birth weight, multiple births and rubella virus infection during embryonic life.
Hypodontia is often familial, and can also be associated with genetic disorders such as ectodermal dysplasia or Down syndrome. Hypodontia can also been seen in people with cleft lip and palate.
The Journal of the American Dental Association published preliminary data suggesting a statistical association between hypodontia of the permanent teeth and epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The study shows that women with EOC are 8.1 times more likely to have hypodontia than are women without EOC. The suggestion therefore is that hypodontia can serve as a "marker" for potential risk of EOC in women. (Journal of the American Dental Association, vol. 139, p. 163)
Hypodontia is closely associated with environmental factors such as happened in Seveso (Italy) with dioxin [1][2][3].
References
- ^ Alaluusua S, Lukinmaa PL, Torppa J, et al. (1999 pmid=9923879). "Developing teeth as biomarker of dioxin exposure". Lancet 16 (353): 206. http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(05)77214-7/fulltext.
- ^ laluusua S., Calderara P., Gerthoux P.M., et al. (2004 pmid=1247522). "Developmental Dental Aberrations After the Dioxin Accident in Seveso". Environ Health Perspect. 112 (13): 1313–1318. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1247522.
- ^ Guo YL, Lambert GH, Hsu CC, Hsu MM. (2004 pmid=14963712). "Yucheng: health effects of prenatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and dibenzofurans.". Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 77 (3): 153-8.
External links
- JADA article abstract
- Richard R. Welbury Pediatric Dentistry 3rd Edition 2005
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 | Sci-Tech Dictionary. McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms. Copyright © 2003, 1994, 1989, 1984, 1978, 1976, 1974 by McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Dental Dictionary. Mosby's Dental Dictionary. Copyright © 2004 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Medical Dictionary. The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Read more |
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| Veterinary Dictionary. Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary 3rd Edition. Copyright © 2007 by D.C. Blood, V.P. Studdert and C.C. Gay, Elsevier. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Hypodontia". Read more |
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