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iambic pentameter
Iambic pentameter couplets are often called Heroic couplets.
Unrimed Iambic Pentameter is called Blank Verse.
But I do not know of a generic alternate term for Iambic Pentameter.
Yes, "Shall I compare thee........." is in Iambic Pentameter, and all of Shakespeare's Sonnets are in iambic pentameter.
Yes, iambic pentameter is unstressed-stressed, unstressed-stressed, and so on.