Dictionary:
im·mu·no·as·say (ĭm'yə-nō-ăs'ā, ĭ-myū'-) ![]() |
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| Sci-Tech Encyclopedia: Immunoassay |
An assay that quantifies antigen or antibody by immunochemical means. The antigen can be a relatively simple substance such as a drug, or a complex one such as a protein or a virus. See also Antibody; Antigen.
The reactants are first mixed so that a varying quantity of one (A) is added to a constant amount of the other (B). The formation of an immune (antigen-antibody) complex is measured as a function of the varied reactant (A). The result is represented by a “standard curve” for reactant A. An unknown sample is tested by adding it to reactant B. The extent of the measured change is referred to the standard curve, and thereby is obtained the amount of reactant A which produces a comparable change. The amount is represented as the content of reactant A in the unknown sample. See also Immunofluorescence; Immunology; Immunonephelometry; Radioimmunoassay.
| Dental Dictionary: immunoassay |
A competitive-binding assay in which the binding protein is an antibody.
| Veterinary Dictionary: immunoassay |
The quantitative determination of either antibody or antigen, e.g. hormones, drugs, vitamins, and specific proteins, by means of antigen–antibody interaction, as by agglutination, precipitation, ELISA, radioimmunoassay, etc.
| Wikipedia: Immunoassay |
An immunoassay is a biochemical test that measures the concentration of a substance in a biological liquid, typically serum or urine, using the reaction of an antibody or antibodies to its
Both the presence of
For numerical results, the response of the fluid being measured must be compared to standards of a known concentration. This is usually done through the plotting of a standard curve on a graph, the position of the curve at response of the unknown is then examined, and so the quantity of the unknown found.
Detecting the quantity of antibody or
Immunoassays have a particularly important role in the diagnosis of many Infectious Diseases, including HIV. Immunoassays are just one type of diagnostic HIV test.
Immunoassays can be divided into those that involve labelled reagents and those which involve non-labelled reagents. Those which involve labelled reagents are divided into homogenous and heterogeneous (which require an extra step to remove unbound antibody or
Because homogeneous assays do not require this step, they are typically faster and easier to perform.
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See also Chapter 5 and 6 in the book "Bioanalytical Chemistry" by Susan R. Mikkelsen
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| immuno– (prefix) | |
| zymosan | |
| EIA |
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