the input is

and the outpt is

The Input or X values are called the Domain.

There are many examples of input, process, output.

Some of my own are:

Input: Plug iPod into computer

Process: Download music from iTunes

Output: Listen to music

Input: Caterpillar

Process: Chrysalis

Output: Butterfly

If you are talking hardware and not software "input" is in reference to information being added the computer, for instance a keyboard is an "input" device as it adds new information from an outside source (you or me) into the computer.

input

scanf() , getch() , getche()

output

printf() , putch() , putchar()