Theists would probably use theodicies (attempt to solve the problem of evil in the world whilst still retaining the traditional theisitic God). The two main theodicies being the Augustinian theodicy (St Augustine) and the Irenaean theodicy (Irenaeus).

Theodicy is the theological study of the "problem of pain" as CS Lewis put it. Its looking into the question of why there is pain and suffering in the world, especially if there is a good God.

R. Maurice Barineau has written:

'The theodicy of Alfred North Whitehead' -- subject(s): History of doctrines, Theodicy

what is theodicy

Theodicy in religion means to attempt to resolve the evidential problem of evil by reconciling the divine characteristics of omnipotence, omniscience and onmibenevolence with the occurrence of evil or suffering in the world.