| Isobutane | |
|---|---|
 |
 |
 |
|
| IUPAC name |
Methylpropane
2-Methylpropane |
| Other names | Isobutane |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 75-28-5  |
| SMILES |
CC(C)C
|
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C4H10 |
| Molar mass | 58.12 g mol−1 |
| Appearance | colorless gas |
| Density | 2.51 kg/m3, gas (15 °C, 1 atm) 593.4 kg/m3, liquid |
| Melting point |
-159.6 °C, 114 K, -255 °F |
| Boiling point |
-11.7 °C, 261 K, 11 °F |
| Solubility in water | Insoluble |
| Hazards | |
| MSDS | External MSDS |
| EU classification | Highly flammable (F+) |
| R-phrases | R12 |
| S-phrases | (S2), S9, S16 |
| NFPA 704 |
 4
1
0
|
| Flash point | flammable gas |
| Autoignition temperature |
460 °C |
| Explosive limits | 1.8–8.4% |
| Related compounds | |
| Related alkane | Butane |
| Related compounds | Isopentane Neopentane |
| Supplementary data page | |
| Structure and properties |
n, εr, etc. |
| Thermodynamic data |
Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas |
| Spectral data | UV, IR, NMR, MS |
| (what is this?) (verify) Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) |
|
| Infobox references | |
Isobutane, also known as methylpropane or 2-methylpropane, is an alkane, isomeric with butane. It is the simplest alkane with a tertiary carbon. Recent concerns with depletion of the ozone layer by freon gases have led to increased use of isobutane as a gas for refrigeration systems, especially in domestic refrigerators and freezers, and as a propellant in aerosol sprays. When used as a refrigerant or a propellant, isobutane is also known as R-600a. Some portable camp stoves use a mixture of isobutane with propane, usually 80:20. Isobutane is used as a feedstock in the petrochemical industry, for example in the synthesis of isooctane.[1]
Its UN number (for hazardous substances see shipping) is UN 1969. Isobutane is the R group for the amino acid leucine.
Contents |
Nomenclature
Isobutane is the trivial name retained by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) in its 1993 Recommendations for the Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry.[2]
Methylpropane is the systematic name. The substituent number (2-) is unnecessary because there is no isomer of this molecule with methylpropane as part of its name.
Uses
- As a refrigerant.
- As a propellant for aerosol cans and foam products, such as reddi wip.
Safety Concerns
Reports surfaced in late 2009 suggesting the use of isobutane as a refrigerant in domestic refrigerators was potentially dangerous. Several explosions resulting from the isobutane leaking into the refrigerator cabinet and a spark from the electrical system have been reported in the United Kingdom. [3] Although unclear how serious this could be, at the time this report came out it was estimated 300 million refrigerators worldwide use isobutane as a refrigerant.
References
- ^ Patent Watch, July 31, 2006.
- ^ Panico, R.; & Powell, W. H. (Eds.) (1994). A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds 1993. Oxford: Blackwell Science. ISBN 0-632-03488-2. http://www.acdlabs.com/iupac/nomenclature/93/r93_679.htm
- ^ http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/picturegalleries/howaboutthat/6120297/Exploding-fridges-ozone-friendly-gas-theory-for-mystery-blasts.html
External links
- International Chemical Safety Card 0901
- NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
- IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry (online version of the "Blue Book")
- Data from Air Liquide
|
|||||
This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)
