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This article's introduction section may not adequately summarize its contents. To comply with Wikipedia's lead section guidelines, please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of the article's key points. (September 2009) |
| Ivo Sanader | |
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| In office 23 December 2003 – 6 July 2009 |
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| President | Stjepan Mesić |
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| Deputy | Đurđa Adlešič Jadranka Kosor Slobodan Uzelac Damir Polančec |
| Preceded by | Ivica Račan |
| Succeeded by | Jadranka Kosor |
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President of the Croatian Democratic Union
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| In office April 2000 – 2009 |
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| Preceded by | Vladimir Šeks (Acting) |
| Succeeded by | Jadranka Kosor |
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| Born | 8 June 1953 Split, Croatia, Yugoslavia |
| Political party | Croatian Democratic Union |
| Spouse(s) | Mirjana Sanader |
| Children | Bruna Sanader Petra Sanader |
| Alma mater | University of Innsbruck |
| Religion | Roman Catholic |
Ivo Sanader (Croatian pronunciation: [ˈiːʋɔ saˈnaːdɛr]; formerly Ivica Sanader;[1] born 8 June 1953 in Split) is a Croatian politician who served as the Prime Minister of Croatia from 2003 to 2009.
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Early life, education and family life
After completing his high school education he left for Rome to pursue higher education in philosophy, but he soon realized that he did not like the academic environment there very much. Following his return from Rome he met his future spouse, Mirjana, whom he married in 1978. After their wedding, Ivo and Mirjana left Split for Innsbruck. His wife studied archaeology, while Ivo studied comparative literature and Romance languages at the University of Innsbruck. The young couple was accompanied, while studying in Innsbruck, by Ivo’s younger brother Miro who also lived and studied in Innsbruck. During that time Sanader also reported for the Zagreb sport newspaper Sportske novosti. In 1982, Sanader graduated, and returned to Croatia with his wife. He found a job in the marketing department of Dalmacijaturist, however he did not stay very long. He found his next job at the publishing house Logos in 1983 where he was employed as a program editor. In 1988, he became a chief editor and at one time he was working on the organization of the magazine Mogućnost. His career at the publishing house was later terminated suddenly. At that time his wife also received a notice of termination from her workplace. After that Ivo Sanader decided to move back to Austria with his family. In Austria he founded two unsuccessful private businesses. One favorable thing for him was that he never lost touch with his homeland while in Austria. Sanader achieved a PhD in Romance languages and comparative literature from Innsbruck University in Austria. Besides his native language of Croatian he is fluent in English, German, French, and Italian[2][3], as well as basic communication in Spanish, Czech, and Greek.
Early political career
At the end of 1980s, he founded the first branch of the Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) in Austria and at this time he first came into contact with Franjo Tuđman. He returns to Split, on persuasion from Franjo Tuđman, although his wife was against their return to Croatia, at the morning of war for Croatia independence. His first public office was manager of Croatian National Theatre in Split. In 1992 he was elected as an HDZ deputy to the lower house of the Croatian parliament. Shortly thereafter he became Minister of Science and Technology (1992-1993). From 1993 to 1995 and 1996 to 2000, he was a Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs. His biggest success as Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs was the termination of required visas for Croatia citizens who traveled to Greece. But Sanader's sense for negotiation was also used for other purposes. He used his negotiation skills for bringing people around to the Croatian Democratic Union from other Croatian parliament parties. At the end of November 1995 he became a head of the President of Croatia's office and general secretary of Croatia national security and defense council (VONS) after Hrvoje Šarinić was released from his duty. In January 1996 he became a member of the council for cooperation between Croatia and the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. During his second term as a Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs he worked hard to bring Croatia and Israel together. The peak of these efforts was the meeting between himself, Hrvoje Šarinić and Eytan Bentsur, Vice Minister for Foreign Affairs in the Israeli government, in Budapest in 1997, after which diplomatic relationships between Croatia and Israel were established.[4]
Political career
In 2000, following Tuđman's death, HDZ suffered defeat in a parliamentary election. Furthermore, their candidate Mate Granić also failed to enter the second round of the presidential election. Granić then left to form the Democratic Centre party hoping to attract moderates from the HDZ. Inner-party election within the HDZ ensued in April that year and Sanader emerged victorious as a compromise candidate.
Initially Sanader criticized the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) indictments against Croatian Army generals which had provoked much discontent in Croatia. In 2001, he took part in a massive rally against a war crimes indictment against general Mirko Norac. Sanader also criticised Ivica Račan and his cabinet's stance towards the ICTY. Afterwards, he gradually began to distance the party and himself from the protests somewhat softening his criticism towards the government.
Sanader focused his efforts on transforming the HDZ into a modern pro-European right-of-center party. However, his course was challenged by the right-wing of the party led by Ivić Pašalić. The ensuing leadership struggle culminated at the 2002 party convention. Sanader, who was supported by Vladimir Šeks and Branimir Glavaš, managed to win his second mandate. Pašalić left the party to form his Croatian Bloc, but failed to draw many of his former supporters from the HDZ.
Sanader was now able to concentrate on defeating Ivica Račan and his left-of-centre coalition at the 2003 parliamentary elections. HDZ, nevertheless, failed to win the absolute majority in Sabor. After the victory of his Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) the President of the Republic named Sanader the Prime Minister-designate on 9 December 2003. In the post-election negotiations Sanader ensured the support of ethnic minority representatives, nominally left-wing Croatian Party of Pensioners and the Independent Democratic Serbian Party. When the Croatian Parliament subsequently gave its consent by 88 votes (out of 152) on 23 December 2003, Sanader was formally appointed.
Sanader as Prime Minister
The Sanader government's main foreign goal was Croatia's entry into the European Union and NATO. As a result of the successful implementation of the Association Agreement - signed with the European Union in 2001 - Croatia did become an official candidate for entry into the EU.
Sanader's HDZ also sought to establish better relations with minority parties and to promote minority rights. Amongst other factors contributing to the positive opinion of the European Commission and the European Council regarding Croatia's bid to become an EU member were Croatia's cooperation with the ICTY, continued economic growth and the country's compliance with political and economic criteria established by the 1993 Copenhagen European Council.
In October 2005, following the formal start of EU accession negotiations, opinion polls showed Sanader to be the most popular Croatian politician.
Croatia was expected to complete negotiations with the EU in 2009, which would have been about halfway through Sanader's term had he never resigned.
As Prime Minister, Sanader had close relations with other moderate conservative politicians in Europe: including former Austrian Chancellor Wolfgang Schüssel, former Bavarian Prime Minister Edmund Stoiber, Chancellor of Germany Angela Merkel, and Irish prime minister Bertie Ahern.
Owing in part to the global recession that set in during Sanader's term, Croatia's economic growth stalled and foreign direct investments slowed down. While displaying symptoms of economic decline shared by larger nations, Croatia's decline during Sanader's term was amplified in comparison with the fortunes of Serbia and next door Montenegro - who gained greater investments due to major reforms. Under Sanader, judicial reforms in Croatia stopped and the land registry issue was not resolved. Over 1.3 million court cases (in a country of 4.1 million people) were yet to be resolved when Sanader resigned.
The cabinet saw some curious changes during Sanader's term, notably the departure of the foreign minister Miomir Žužul who was accused of conflict of interest. Furthermore, Sanader's government was challenged by the rising tide of Euroscepticism in the country.
Nearly 10 cabinet members were tainted by allegations of corruption and Sanader's unexplained wealth was not investigated by Croatian authorities.[citation needed]
Resignation and withdrawal from politics
On 1 July 2009, Sanader announced his resignation as the Prime Minister of Croatia and President of Croatian Democratic Union.[5] Furthermore, Sanader announced his intentions to completely withdraw from all active politics. At his press conference in Zagreb, Sanader remarked, "There is always a time in life for a new beginning. Such a moment has come and now it's time for others to take over."[6] According to BBC News, the announcement "came as a surprise", as Croatian media had quite recently named Sanader as a potential candidate for the 2010 presidential election.[7] Sanader announced that his prime minister-designate would be deputy Prime Minister Jadranka Kosor.[6][7] The Parliament of Croatia accepted his resignation on 2 July 2009 and informed the President of the Republic.
Controversies
The biggest affair that has hindered Sanader as Prime Minister was a mostly tabloid-fueled affair regarding his collection of wrist watches. He reportedly possesses a collection of wrist watches worth in excess of €150,000.[8] Former Minister of Justice Vesna Škare-Ožbolt in the Sanader government was the one who reported Sanader to a resolution council for conflict of interests.[8] Škare Ožbolt stated that Prime Minister Sanader hadn’t reported a collection of expensive wrist watches in his assets.
Nacional, an independent political weekly, did an investigative report on Sanader which showed that he was a part of two bankrupt businesses in Austria, received bribe in 1995 and 1996 from a tycoon in the amount of 800,000 DEM.[9]
Sanader was also accused by Ivan Drmić, former member of Croatian Democratic Union, for framing the presidential election at the 5th convention of the Croatian Democratic Union.[10] Spokesman for the Croatian Democratic Union Vlatko Maček said such accusations "belong in the anthology of political stupidity."[11]
In July 2006, Sanader was named in the "Verona Affair", accused by the opposition in the Croatian parliament for fixing the sale of pharmaceutical company Pliva to Barr Pharmaceuticals from the US.[12] Such accusations against Sanader have been denied,[13] and they were never proven.
Relations with US
The government of Croatia, under Prime Minister Sanader, improved its relations with the US, which were strained under former Prime Minister Račan due to Račan's refusal to accept an American pact calling for US soldiers to not face extradition to the International Criminal Court if indicted. During Sanader's premiership the US did not demand the agreement, or any like it, be signed by Croatia.
The chairman of the US House International Relations Committee Henry Hyde said, in a very emotional appearance, that Croatia's desire to join NATO and the EU would be reached, and that the US government backed Croatia fully in its goal regarding NATO and EU membership. In October 2006, President Bush said that Croatia would enter NATO and he had set 2008 as the year for Croatian membership in the bloc. Croatia formally joined NATO in April, 2009. The US recognized Croatia as an ally in the war on terror.[14][15]
Views on Croatia's economy
At the 2009 Global Creative Economic Summit, Sanader discussed Croatia’s shift from a heavily controlled economy to a bustling “knowledge-based” economy. According to Sanader, fostering the “competitiveness in everyday life” played an important role in this process. [16]
Other
Sanader was the last statesman to visit Pope John Paul II in Vatican City, in February 2005, a few weeks before his death on 2 April 2005.[citation needed]
References
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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (May 2009) |
- ^ Prime Minister Earned His Doctoral Degree as Ivica
- ^ "Ivo Sanader" (in Croatian). moljac.hr. http://www.moljac.hr/biografije/sanader.htm. Retrieved 2009-10-09.
- ^ "Životopis predsjednika hrvatske Vlade Ive Sanadera" (in Croatian). Index.hr. 23 December 2003. http://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak.aspx?id=177669. Retrieved 2009-10-09.
- ^ Prime Minister Ivo Sanader / Croatian prime minister - Ivo Sanader - official web
- ^ "Sanader dao ostavku na mjesto premijera i predsjednika stranke" (in Croatian). Jutarnji list. 1 July 2009. http://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/clanak/art-2009,7,1,,168101.jl. Retrieved 2009-10-09.
- ^ a b Ilic, Igor (2009-07-01). "Croatia's PM Sanader resigns, quits politics". Reuters. http://in.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idINIndia-40733720090701. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
- ^ a b "Croatia's PM Sanader steps down". BBC News. 2009-07-01. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8128746.stm. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
- ^ a b Ćustić, Marko (9 January 2007). "All the Premier’s watches". Nacional. http://www.nacional.hr/en/clanak/30495/all-the-premiers-watches. Retrieved 2009-10-09.
- ^ Bajruši, Robert (16 January 2007). "Sanaderovi austrijski poslovi" (in Croatian). Nacional. http://www.nacional.hr/clanak/30645/sanaderovi-austrijski-poslovi. Retrieved 2009-10-09.
- ^ Marković, Stjepan (23 November 2006). "Drmić: Krao sam glasove za Sanadera" (in Croatian). Nacional. http://www.nacional.hr/clanak/29325/drmic-krao-sam-glasove-za-sanadera. Retrieved 2009-10-09.
- ^ "Maček: Drmićev istup ulazi u antologiju političke gluposti" (in Croatian) (PDF). Vjesnik. 24 November 2006. http://www.vjesnik.hr/Pdf/2006%5C11%5C24%5C04A4.PDF. Retrieved 2009-10-09.
- ^ Barković, Neven (5 September 2006). "Zašto je Sanaderu put u Veronu bio važniji od proslave Dana državnosti u Vukovaru?" (in Croatian). Index.hr. http://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/zasto-je-sanaderu-put-u-veronu-bio-vazniji-od-proslave-dana-drzavnosti-u-vukovaru/326362.aspx. Retrieved 2009-10-09.
- ^ "Premijer Sanader: U Veronu sam išao na poziv organizatora" (in Croatian). Government of Croatia. 27 September 2006. http://www.vlada.hr/hrvatski/naslovnica/novosti_i_najave/2006/rujan/premijer_sanader_u_veronu_sam_isao_na_poziv_organizatora. Retrieved 2009-10-09.
- ^ "U američkom Kongresu predložena rezolucija o ulasku Hrvatske u NATO" (in Croatian). Vjesnik. 15 March 2004. http://www.vjesnik.hr/html/2004/03/15/Clanak.asp?r=van&c=6. Retrieved 2009-07-02.
- ^ "President Bush Welcomes Prime Minister Sanader of Croatia to the White House". Office of the White House Press Secretary. 17 October 2006. http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2006/10/20061017-5.html. Retrieved 2009-07-02.
- ^ A Celebration of Innovation 2009 Global Creative Leadership Summit.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Ivo Sanader |
| Political offices | ||
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| Preceded by Jure Radić |
Minister of Science and Technology 1991–1993 |
Succeeded by Branko Jeren |
| Preceded by Ivica Račan |
Prime Minister of Croatia 2003–2009 |
Succeeded by Jadranka Kosor |
| Party political offices | ||
| Preceded by Vladimir Šeks Acting |
President of the Croatian Democratic Union 2000–2009 |
Succeeded by Jadranka Kosor |
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