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jerk1

  (jûrk) pronunciation

v., jerked, jerk·ing, jerks.

v.tr.
  1. To give a sudden quick thrust, push, pull, or twist to.
  2. To throw or toss with a quick abrupt motion.
  3. To utter abruptly or sharply: jerked out the answer.
  4. To make and serve (ice-cream sodas, for example) at a soda fountain.
  5. Sports. To press (a weight) overhead from shoulder height in a quick motion.
v.intr.
  1. To move in sudden abrupt motions; jolt: The train jerked forward.
  2. To make spasmodic motions: My legs jerked from fatigue.
n.
  1. A sudden abrupt motion, such as a yank or twist.
  2. A jolting or lurching motion.
  3. Physiology. A sudden reflexive or spasmodic muscular movement.
  4. jerks Involuntary convulsive twitching often resulting from excitement. Often used with the.
  5. Slang. A foolish, rude, or contemptible person.
  6. Sports. A lift in which the weight is heaved overhead from shoulder height with a quick motion.
phrasal verbs:

jerk off Vulgar Slang.

  1. To masturbate.
jerk around
  1. To take unfair advantage of, deceive, or manipulate.

[Origin unknown.]

jerker jerk'er n.
jerkingly jerk'ing·ly adv.

SYNONYMS  jerk, snap, twitch, wrench, yank. These verbs mean to move with a sudden short, quick motion: jerked the rope twice to pull it taut; snapped the lock shut; was twitching her mouth nervously; wrenched the stick out of his hand; yanks the door open.


jerk2 (jûrk) pronunciation
tr.v., jerked, jerk·ing, jerks.

To cut (meat) into long strips and dry in the sun or cure by exposing to smoke.

adj.

Being or relating to a method of barbecuing meat that has been seasoned and wrapped in leaves of the allspice tree: jerk chicken; jerk pork.

[Back-formation from JERKY2.]


 
 
Thesaurus: jerk

verb

  1. To move or cause to move with a sudden abrupt motion: lurch, snap, twitch, wrench, yank. See move/halt, push/pull.
  2. To proceed with sudden, abrupt movements: bump, jolt. See repetition.

noun

  1. A sudden motion, such as a pull: lurch, snap, tug, twitch, wrench, yank. See move/halt, push/pull.
  2. One deficient in judgment and good sense: ass, fool, idiot, imbecile, jackass, mooncalf, moron, nincompoop, ninny, nitwit, simple, simpleton, softhead, tomfool. Informal dope, gander, goose. Slang cretin, ding-dong, dip, goof, nerd, schmo, schmuck, turkey. See ability/inability.
  3. An unpleasant, tiresome person: bore. Slang drip, dweeb, nerd, pill, poop2. See like/dislike.

 
Antonyms: jerk

v

Definition: lurch
Antonyms: ease, glide

 
Measures and Units: jerk

engineering An informal unit of acceleration, = 1 ft s-2.

 
Sports Science and Medicine: jerk

The sudden contraction of a muscle. Some jerks, such as the knee-jerk, are used to test nerve reflex actions.

 
Veterinary Dictionary: jerk

A sudden reflex or involuntary movement.

 
Word Tutor: jerk
pronunciation

IN BRIEF: A short, sudden pull.

pronunciation She gave the string a jerk to get the kite out of the tree.

 
Wikipedia: jerk
This article is about the physics concept of jerk. For other terms of jerk, see Jerk (disambiguation).


In physics, jerk, jolt (esp in British English), surge or lurch, is the rate of change of acceleration; more precisely, the derivative of acceleration with respect to time, the second derivative of velocity, or the third derivative of position. Jerk is described by the following equation:

\vec j=\frac {\mathrm{d} \vec a} {\mathrm{d}t}=\frac {\mathrm{d}^2 \vec v} {\mathrm{d}t^2}=\frac {\mathrm{d}^3 \vec r} {\mathrm{d}t^3}

where

\vec a is acceleration,
\vec v – velocity,
\vec r – displacement
t stands for time.

Yank is the analog of force with respect to jerk: mass times jerk, or equivalently, the derivative of force with respect to time (this is only true non-relativistically; since mass is velocity dependent in relativistic physics, force is usually written as the first derivative of the momentum, while yank would be the second derivative. For force, it can be shown that dp/dt reduces to the familiar ma when v << c). Jerk is a vector, and there is no generally used term to describe its scalar value.

The units of jerk are metres per second cubed (m/s3). There is no universal agreement on the symbol for jerk, but j is commonly used.

Jerk is often used in engineering, especially when building roller coasters. Some precision or fragile objects—such as passengers, who need time to sense stress changes and adjust their muscle tension, or suffer, e.g., whiplash—can be safely subjected not only to a maximum acceleration, but also to a maximum jerk. Jerk may be considered when the excitation of vibrations is a concern. A device which measures jerk is called a "jerkmeter."

Jerk is also important to consider in manufacturing processes. Rapid changes in acceleration of a cutting tool, for example going from zero to 100 percent instantaneously, result in theoretically infinite jerk. This can lead to premature tool wear and result in uneven lines of a cut. This is why modern motion controllers include such features as jerk limitation.

Higher derivatives of displacement are rarely necessary, and hence lack agreed names. The fourth derivative of position was considered in development of the Hubble Space Telescope's pointing control system, and called jounce. Many other suggestions have been made, such as jilt, jouse, jolt, and delta jerk. As more distinct terms that start with letters other than "j", snap, crackle, and pop have been proposed for the 4th, 5th, and 6th derivatives of displacement, respectively, somewhat facetiously.[1]

Third order motion profile

In motion control, a common need is to move a system from one steady position to another (point-to-point motion). Following the fastest possible motion within an allowed maximum value for speed, acceleration, and jerk, will result in a third-order motion profile as illustrated below:

Image:3rd_order_motion_profile.png

The motion profile consists of up to 7 segments defined by the following equations:

  1. acceleration build-up, with constant jerk = maxJerk
  2. move with constant acceleration, with jerk = 0
  3. approaching the desired maximum velocity, with jerk = -maxJerk# approaching the desired deceleration, with jerk = -maxJerk
  4. move with constant deceleration, with jerk = 0
  5. approaching the desired position, with jerk = maxJerk

For shorter motions, the maximum acceleration or maximum velocity may never be reached.

Jerk systems

A jerk system is a system whose behavior is described by a jerk equation, which is an equation of the form (Sprott, 2003):

  1. move with constant velocity, with jerk = 0 and acceleration = 0
\frac{\mathrm{d}^3 x}{\mathrm{d} t^3}= f\left(\frac{\mathrm{d}^2 x}{\mathrm{d} t^2},\frac{\mathrm{d} x}{\mathrm{d} t},x\right)

For example, certain simple electronic circuits may be designed which are described by a jerk equation. These are known as jerk circuits.

One of the most interesting properties of jerk systems is the possibility of chaotic behavior. In fact, certain well-known chaotic systems such as the Lorenz attractor and the Rössler map are conventionally described as a system of three first-order differential equations, but which may be combined into a single (although rather complicated) jerk equation.

An example of a jerk equation is:

\frac{\mathrm{d}^3 x}{\mathrm{d} t^3}+A\frac{\mathrm{d}^2 x}{\mathrm{d} t^2}+\frac{\mathrm{d} x}{\mathrm{d} t}-|x|+1=0.

Where A is an adjustable parameter. This equation has a chaotic solution for A=3/5 and can be implemented with the following jerk circuit:

JerkCircuit01.png

In the above circuit, all resistors are of equal value, except RA = R / A = 5R / 3, and all capacitors are of equal size. The dominant frequency will be 1 / 2πRC. The output of op amp 0 will correspond to the x variable, the output of 1 will correspond to the first derivative of x and the output of 2 will correspond to the second derivative.


Kinematics

← Integrate ... Differentiate →
Displacement (Distance) | Velocity (Speed) | Acceleration | Jerk | Snap

See also

References

External links


This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)

 
Translations: Translations for: Jerk

Dansk (Danish)
1.
n. - ryk, stød, puf, spjæt, trækning
v. tr. - rykke, støde, puffe, kaste
v. intr. - give et sæt, køre i ryk, standse med et ryk, vågne med et sæt

idioms:

  • jerk around    opføre sig dårligt, gå bag om ryggen på andre
  • jerk off    masturbere

2.
v. tr. - at tørre lange strimler kød
n. - idiot, fjols, original
adj. - idiotisk

Nederlands (Dutch)
ruk, zenuwtrekking, sukkel, (mv) lichamelijke oefeningen, schokken, stoten (gewichtheffen), met een zwaai wegwerpen, reepjes vlees in de zon drogen/verduurzamen, frisdrank mengen en serveren

Français (French)
1.
n. - secousse, saccade, à-coup, (Méd) réflexe tendineux, crispation nerveuse, (US) pauvre type
v. tr. - tirer brusquement, secouer (par saccades), donner une secousse à
v. intr. - se déplacer par saccades, cahoter

idioms:

  • jerk around    (US) fainéanter
  • jerk off    se tourner les pouces, se branler, (US) se tourner les pouces, fous-(moi) le camp (excl)
  • jerk someone around    asticoter (qn)

2.
v. tr. - (Culin) sécher (de la viande de b¯uf)
n. - (Culin) jambon/viande fumé

Deutsch (German)
1.
n. - Ruck, Zuckung, Blödmann, Leibesübungen
v. - rucken, stoßen, zucken

idioms:

  • jerk around    (ugs.) bescheißen
  • jerk off    masturbieren
  • jerk someone around    (ugs) bescheißen

2.
v. - (Fleisch) in Streifen schneiden u. sonnentrocknen
n. - Charque (an der Luft getrockenes Fleisch)
adj. - an der Luft getrockenes Fleisch...

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - κραδασμός, τίναγμα, τράνταγμα, απότομο τράβηγμα, (καθομ.) χαζός
v. - τραντάζω/-ομαι, τινάζω/-ομαι, κινούμαι απότομα, τραβώ απότομα
int. - μαλάκα!

idioms:

  • jerk around    χαζεύω, χαζολογώ
  • jerk off    τραβώ μαλακία

Italiano (Italian)
dare uno strattone, strappo, tic nervoso, spasmo

idioms:

  • jerk around    comportarsi disonestamente
  • jerk off    masturbarsi

Português (Portuguese)
n. - puxão (m), solavanco (m), guinada (f), pessoa (f) idiota (gír.), espasmo (m) (Med.)
v. - sacudir, puxar, arremessar, mover abruptamente, fazer movimentos espasmódicos (Med.)
int. - Idiota! (m) (f)

idioms:

  • jerk around    tomar o tempo ou dificultar as coisas para alguém deliberadamente
  • jerk off    masturbar, esporrar (gír.)

Русский (Russian)
рывок, вздрагиание, толчок, продавец в киоске, вяленое мясо, резко толкать, двигаться резкими толчками, дергаться, говорить отрывисто, работать в киоске, вялить мясо

idioms:

  • jerk around    плутовать с кем-л.
  • jerk off    бестолочь, онанист, вносить неразбериху, онанировать

Español (Spanish)
1.
n. - tirón, sacudida, empellón, tumbo, salto, respingo, tic
v. tr. - mover a tirones, sacudir, dar una sacudida, lanzar bruscamente de, decir de modo seco
v. intr. - mover a tirones o empujones

idioms:

  • jerk around    tratar en forma solapada y deshonesta
  • jerk off    hacerse una paja, masturbarse, quitar de un tirón
  • jerk someone around    tratar en forma solapada y deshonesta, tratar al alguien en mala forma

2.
v. tr. - atasajar (la carne), tasajear, charquear
n. - tasajo, charque
adj. - charqueado, hecho tasajo

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - ryck, knyck, stöt, krampryckning, (ben)sprattel, biträde i glassbar, drummel
v. - kasta, slänga, rycka, stöta, rycka till, skära i strimlor och soltorka
int. - dumbom!, idiot!

中文（简体） (Chinese (Simplified))
1. 把...猛地一拉, 急促地说, 猛然一动, 颠簸, 摇晃, 猛推, 抽搐, 痉挛, 猛然地一拉, 蠢人

idioms:

  • jerk around    猛然转过..., 耍手腕
  • jerk off    急推, 手淫, 走开

2. 把切成长条晒干, 猛地一拉的, 急促说的

中文（繁體） (Chinese (Traditional))
1.
v. tr. - 把...猛地一拉, 急促地說
v. intr. - 猛然一動, 顛簸, 搖晃, 猛推, 抽搐, 痙攣
n. - 猛然地一拉, 抽搐, 痙攣, 顛簸, 搖晃, 蠢人

idioms:

  • jerk around    猛然轉過..., 耍手腕
  • jerk off    急推, 手淫, 走開

2.
v. tr. - 把切成長條曬乾
adj. - 猛地一拉的, 急促說的

한국어 (Korean)
1.
n. - 급작한 움직임, 경련, 반사운동, 체조, 얼간이
v. tr. - 갑자기 당기다, 갑자기 말하다, 급히 흔들다
v. intr. - 급격히 움직이다, 갑자기 말하다

idioms:

  • jerk around    ~의 시간을 낭비하게 하다, 어렵게 만들다
  • jerk off    자위하다

2.
v. tr. - 얇게 저미어 말리다, 육포로 말리다
n. - 말린 저장용 쇠고기
adj. - 얇게 저미어 말린

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - ぐいと引くこと, ぐいと動くこと, けいれん
v. - ぐいと引っ張る, 急に動く, ぐいと動かす

idioms:

  • jerk around    ガタガタ動きまわる
  • jerk off    自慰する, むだに時間をつぶす

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) هزة, ارتعاش, غبي (فعل) اهتز, ارتج, هز, رج, شد (نداء) تعبير احتقار لشخص‏

עברית (Hebrew)
v. tr. - ‮משך בתנופה, דחף בתנופה‬
v. intr. - ‮הזדעזע, רטט, נע בטלטולים‬
n. - ‮משיכת פתע, היזרקות, טלטול, זעזוע, התקף עוויתי בשריר, טיפש (מדוברת)‬
v. tr. - ‮שימר בשר (ע"י ייבוש)‬
n. - ‮בשר שנחתך לפרוסות ויובש בשמש לשם שימורו‬

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Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2007. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.  Read more
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