Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Email
Answers.com

John Marshall

 
Archaeology Dictionary: Sir John Hubert Marshall
Home > Library > Science > Archaeology Dictionary

(1876–1958) [Bi]

British archaeologist known for his work in India as Director-General of Archaeological Survey in India. Born in Chester and educated at Dulwich and King's College, Cambridge, Marshall received an excellent training in classical archaeology. Between 1898 and 1901 he was based at the British School in Athens, taking part in excavations at Knossos and various other sites on Crete. In 1902 he was appointed Director-General of Archaeology in India and from then until 1934 he set about reorganizing the department, recruiting Indians to work for the Survey, creating scholarship and training programmes, listing and recording ancient remains, and expanding the provision of museums. In addition he excavated many sites, notably Mohenjodaro, reported in a three-volume work entitled Mohenjodaro and the Indus civilization (1931, London: A Probsthain); Sanchi in central India with its fascinating group of Buddhist monuments; and Taxila in the Punjab which is closely associated with Alexander the Great's campaigns in the east, the Buddhist emperor Asoka, the Parthian king Gondofares, and Apolonius of Tyana. He was knighted in 1914 and was awarded many honorary degrees, medals, and prizes. In 1936 he was elected a Fellow of the British Academy.

[Obit.: The Times, 18 August 1958]
Search unanswered questions...

Enter a question here...
Search: All sources Community Q&A Reference topics

Wikipedia: John Marshall (archaeologist)
Top
Home > Library > Miscellaneous > Wikipedia
John Marshall
Born March 19, 1876 (1876-03-19)
Chester
Died August 17, 1958 (1958-08-18)
Guildford
Citizenship British
Nationality British
Fields History, Archaeology
Institutions Archaeological Survey of India
Known for excavations in Harappa ,Mohenjodaro,Sanchi ,Sarnath ,Taxila,Crete and Knossos
Influences James Prinsep,H. H. Wilson,John Leyden,Henry Thomas Colebrooke,Colin Mackenzie and William Jones
Notable awards Knighthood (1914)
Religious stance Christian

Sir John Hubert Marshall (March 19, 1876 Chester - August 17, 1958 Guildford) was the Director-General of the Archaeological Survey of India from 1902 to 1928. He was responsible for the excavation that lead to the discovery of Harappa and Mohenjodaro, two of the main cities that comprise the Indus Valley Civilization.

Marshall was educated at Dulwich College as well as King's College, Cambridge.[1] In 1902 he was appointed Director-General of Archaeology by Lord Curzon within the British Indian administration, and modernised the approach to archaeology on that continent, introducing a programme of cataloguing and conservation of ancient monuments and artefacts.

It was thanks to Marshall that native Indians were allowed for the first time to participate in excavations in their own country. In 1913, he began the excavations at Taxila, which lasted for twenty years. He laid the foundation stone for the Taxila museum in 1918. The museum hosts many artifacts and also hosts one of Marshall's very few portraits. He then moved on to other sites, including the Buddhist centres of Sanchi and Sarnath. His work revealed to the world the true age of Indian civilisation especially Indus Valley Civilization and Mauryan age (Ashoka's Age).

Sir John Marshall is also known for his important part in excavations at Knossos and various other sites on Crete between 1898 and 1901 .

Contents

Knighthood

John Marshall was knighted in 1914.


Publications

  • Marshall, John (ed.) (1931). Mohenjo-Daro and the Indus Civilization. 
  • Marshall, John H. (1960). The Buddhist Art of Gandhara: the Story of the Early School, Its Birth, Growth and Decline. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 
  • Marshall, John H. (1960 (4th ed.)). A Guide to Taxila. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 
  • Marshall, John H.; M. B. Garde (1927). The Bagh Caves in the Gwalior State. London: The India Society. 
  • Marshall, John H.; Foucher, Alfred. The Monuments of Sanchi (3 vol.). 
  • Marshall, John H. (1918). A Guide to Sanchi. Calcutta: Superintendent, Government Printing. 

In British Academy

Sir John Marshall became (was elected as a ) Fellow of the British Academy , United Kingdom in 1936 .

References

  1. ^ Marshall, John Hubert in Venn, J. & J. A., Alumni Cantabrigienses, Cambridge University Press, 10 vols, 1922–1958.

External links

Stub icon This biography article of a United Kingdom academic is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
Stub icon This biographical article about an archaeologist is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)

 
 

 

Copyrights:

Archaeology Dictionary. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology. Copyright © 2002, 2003 by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.  Read more
Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "John Marshall (archaeologist)".  Read more