June 30

June 30 is the 181st day of the year (182nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 184 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 350 – Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed by troops of the usurper Magnentius, in Rome.
• 1422 – Battle of Arbedo between the duke of Milan and the Swiss cantons.
• 1520 – Spanish conquistadors led by Hernán Cortés fight their way out of Tenochtitlan.
• 1559 – King Henry II of France is mortally wounded in a jousting match against Gabriel de Montgomery.
• 1651 – The Deluge: Khmelnytsky Uprising – the Battle of Beresteczko ends with a Polish victory.
• 1688 – The Immortal Seven issue the Invitation to William (continuing the English rebellion from Rome), which would culminate in the Glorious Revolution.
• 1758 – Seven Years' War: The Battle of Domstadtl takes place.
• 1794 – Native American forces under Blue Jacket attack Fort Recovery.
• 1805 – The U.S. Congress organizes the Michigan Territory.
• 1859 – French acrobat Charles Blondin crosses Niagara Falls on a tightrope.
• 1860 – The 1860 Oxford evolution debate at the Oxford University Museum of Natural History takes place.
• 1864 – U.S. President Abraham Lincoln grants Yosemite Valley to California for "public use, resort and recreation".
• 1882 – Charles J. Guiteau is hanged in Washington, D.C. for the assassination of U.S. President James Garfield.
• 1886 – The first transcontinental train trip across Canada departs from Montreal. It arrives in Port Moody, British Columbia on July 4.
• 1905 – Albert Einstein publishes the article On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies, in which he introduces special relativity.
• 1906 – The United States Congress passes the Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act.
• 1908 – The Tunguska event occurs in remote Siberia.
• 1912 – The Regina Cyclone hits Regina, Saskatchewan, killing 28. It remains Canada's deadliest tornado event.
• 1921 – U.S. President Warren G. Harding appoints former President William Howard Taft Chief Justice of the United States.
• 1922 – In Washington D.C., U.S. Secretary of State Charles Evans Hughes and Dominican Ambassador Francisco J. Peynado sign the Hughes-Peynado agreement, which ends the United States occupation of the Dominican Republic.
• 1934 – The Night of the Long Knives, Adolf Hitler's violent purge of his political rivals in Germany, takes place.
• 1935 – The Senegalese Socialist Party holds its first congress.
• 1936 – Emperor Haile Selassie of Abyssinia appeals for aid to the League of Nations against Italy's invasion of his country.
• 1941 – World War II: Operation Barbarossa – Germany captures Lviv, Ukraine.
• 1944 – World War II: The Battle of Cherbourg ends with the fall of the strategically valuable port to American forces.
• 1953 – The first Chevrolet Corvette rolls off the assembly line in Flint, Michigan.
• 1956 – A TWA Super Constellation and a United Airlines DC-7 (Flight 718) collide above the Grand Canyon in Arizona, United States, killing all 128 on board the two planes.
• 1959 – A United States Air Force F-100 Super Sabre from Kadena Air Base, Okinawa, crashes into a nearby elementary school, killing 11 students plus six residents from the local neighborhood.
• 1960 – Congo gains independence from Belgium.
• 1963 – Ciaculli massacre: a car bomb, intended for Mafia boss Salvatore Greco, kills seven police officers and military personnel near Palermo.
• 1966 – The National Organization for Women, the United States' largest feminist organization, is founded.
• 1968 – Pope Paul VI issues the Credo of the People of God.
• 1969 – Nigeria bans Red Cross aid to Biafra.
• 1971 – The crew of the Soviet Soyuz 11 spacecraft are killed when their air supply escapes through a faulty valve.
• 1971 – Ohio ratifies the 26th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, reducing the voting age to 18, thereby putting the amendment into effect.
• 1972 – The first leap second is added to the UTC time system.
• 1977 – The Southeast Asia Treaty Organization disbands.
• 1985 – Thirty-nine American hostages from the hijacked TWA Flight 847 are freed in Beirut after being held for 17 days.
• 1986 – The U.S. Supreme Court rules in Bowers v. Hardwick that states can outlaw homosexual acts between consenting adults.
• 1987 – The Royal Canadian Mint introduces the $1 coin, known as the Loonie.
• 1990 – East Germany and West Germany merge their economies.
• 1991 – 32 miners are killed when a coal mine catches fire in the Donbass region of Ukraine and releases toxic gas.
• 1997 – The United Kingdom transfers sovereignty over Hong Kong to the People's Republic of China.
• 2009 – Yemenia Flight 626 crashes into the Indian Ocean, near Comoros, killing all but one of the 153 passengers and crew on board.

Births

• 1286 – John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey, English nobleman (d. 1347)
• 1470 – King Charles VIII of France (d. 1498)
• 1503 – John Frederick, Elector of Saxony (d. 1554)
• 1588 – Giovanni Maria Sabino, Italian composer, organist and teacher (d. 1649)
• 1641 – Meinhardt Schomberg, 3rd Duke of Schomberg, Irish general (d. 1719)
• 1685 – John Gay, British writer (d. 1732)
• 1755 – Paul François Jean Nicolas Barras, French politician (d. 1829)
• 1789 – Horace Vernet, French painter and graphic artist (d. 1863)
• 1803 – Thomas Lovell Beddoes, English poet (d. 1849)
• 1807 – Friedrich Theodor von Vischer, German narrator, lyricist and philosopher (d.1887)
• 1817 – Joseph Dalton Hooker, British botanist (d. 1911)
• 1823 – Dinshaw Maneckji Petit, Indian industrialist (d. 1901)
• 1843 – Ernest Mason Satow, British diplomat (d. 1929)
• 1864 – Frederick Bligh Bond, English architect, illustrator, archaeologist and psychical researcher (d. 1945)
• 1884 – Georges Duhamel, French author (d. 1966)
• 1891 – Man Mountain Dean, American professional wrestler (d. 1953)
• 1891 – Ed "Strangler" Lewis, American professional wrestler (d. 1966)
• 1892 – Oswald Pohl, German Nazi leader (d. 1951)
• 1892 – Bo Carter, American blues musician (d. 1962)
• 1893 – Walter Ulbricht, German Communist leader (d. 1973)
• 1899 – Madge Bellamy, American actress (d. 1990)
• 1899 – Harry Shields, American jazz clarinetist (d. 1971)
• 1906 – Ralph Allen, English footballer (d. 1981)
• 1906 – Anthony Mann, American film actor and director (d. 1967)
• 1907 – Roman Shukhevych, Ukrainian politician (d. 1950)
• 1908 – Winston Graham, British writer (d. 2003)
• 1911 – Czesław Miłosz, Polish poet and writer, Nobel laureate (d. 2004)
• 1912 – Ludwig Bölkow, German aeronautical engineer (d. 2003)
• 1912 – Dan Reeves, American sports team owner (d. 1971)
• 1913 – Harry Wismer, American sports team owner (d. 1967)
• 1913 – Alfonso López Michelsen, Colombian politician (d. 2007)
• 1914 – Francisco da Costa Gomes, Portuguese politician (d. 2001)
• 1917 – Susan Hayward, American actress (d. 1975)
• 1917 – Lena Horne, American singer and actress (d. 2010)
• 1919 – Ed Yost, American inventor (d. 2007)
• 1925 – Fred Schaus, American basketball coach and executive (d. 2010)
• 1926 – Paul Berg, American biochemist, Nobel laureate
• 1929 – James Goldman, American screenwriter (d. 1998)
• 1929 – Hans Krondahl, Swedish painter and textile designer
• 1930 – Thomas Sowell, American economist
• 1931 – Bert Eriksson, Flemish neo-Nazi (d. 2005)
• 1931 – Andrew Hill, American jazz pianist (d. 2007)
• 1933 – Lea Massari, Italian actress
• 1933 – M. J. K. Smith, English cricketer
• 1933 – Orval Tessier, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1934 – Harry Blackstone Jr., American stage magician (d. 1997)
• 1935 – John Harlin, American mountaineer (d. 1966)
• 1936 – Assia Djebar, Algerian writer and filmmaker
• 1936 – Nancy Dussault, American actress
• 1936 – Tony Musante, American actor
• 1936 – Dave Van Ronk, American folk singer-songwriter (d. 2002)
• 1938 – Apostolos Nikolaidis, Greek singer (d. 1999)
• 1939 – José Emilio Pacheco, Mexican poet
• 1940 – Mark Spoelstra, American folk singer (d. 2007)
• 1941 – Peter Pollock, South African cricket player
• 1942 – Robert Ballard, American oceanographer
• 1942 – Ron Harris, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1943 – Florence Ballard, American singer (The Supremes) (d. 1976)
• 1943 – Ahmed Sofa, Bangladeshi writer (d. 2001)
• 1944 – Terry Funk, American professional wrestler
• 1944 – Raymond Moody, American parapsychologist
• 1944 – Glenn Shorrock, Australian singer-songwriter (Little River Band)
• 1944 – Ron Swoboda, American baseball player
• 1947 – Barry Bremen, American sports imposter
• 1949 – Uwe Kliemann, German footballer
• 1949 – Andy Scott, British guitarist and singer (Sweet)
• 1950 – Leonard Whiting, British actor
• 1951 – Stanley Clarke, American jazz bass and double bass player (Return to Forever)
• 1952 – David Garrison, American Broadway and TV actor
• 1952 – Athanassios S. Fokas, Greek mathematician
• 1953 – Hal Lindes, American-born British guitarist (Dire Straits)
• 1953 – Lin Feng-Jiao, Taiwanese actress
• 1954 – Pierre Charles, Dominican politician (d. 2004)
• 1954 – Serzh Sargsyan, President of Armenia
• 1955 – David Alan Grier, American actor and comedian
• 1957 – Bud Black, Americab baseball player
• 1957 – Sterling Marlin, American racing driver
• 1957 – Rich Vos, stand-up comedian
• 1958 – Lina Nikolakopoulou, Greek lyricist
• 1958 – Wilhelm Reisinger, German footballer
• 1958 – Esa-Pekka Salonen, Finnish conductor and composer
• 1959 – Vincent D'Onofrio, American actor
• 1959 – Brendan Perry, British multi-instrumentalist (Dead Can Dance)
• 1959 – Sakis Tsiolis, Greek footballer and manager
• 1960 – Murray Cook, Australian singer (The Wiggles)
• 1962 – Tony Fernández, Dominican baseball player
• 1962 – Deirdre Lovejoy, American actress (The Wire)
• 1962 – Julianne Regan, British singer and guitarist (All About Eve)
• 1963 – Yngwie Malmsteen, Swedish guitarist
• 1964 – Alexandra Christina Manley, Hong Kong-born ex-wife of Prince Joachim of Denmark
• 1964 – Mark Waters, American film director
• 1965 – Mitch Richmond, American basketball player
• 1965 – Steve Duchesne, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1965 – Anna Levandi, Russian figure skater
• 1965 – Gary Pallister, English footballer
• 1966 – Mike Tyson, American boxer
• 1966 – Marton Csokas, New Zealand actor
• 1966 – Cheryl Bernard, Canadian curler
• 1966 – Wendy Davis, American actress
• 1967 – David Busst, English former footballer
• 1968 – Phil Anselmo, American singer (Pantera)
• 1969 – Sanath Jayasuriya, Sri Lankan cricketer
• 1970 – Brian Bloom, American actor
• 1970 – Antonio Chimenti, Italian footballer
• 1970 – Mark Grudzielanek, American baseball player
• 1971 – Anette Michel, Mexican actress
• 1971 – Monica Potter, American actress
• 1972 – Sandra Cam, Belgian swimmer
• 1972 – James Martin, English celebrity chef
• 1973 – Chan-ho Park, South Korean baseball player
• 1973 – Frank Rost, German footballer
• 1973 – Noam Zylberman, Israeli-born Canadian actor
• 1974 – Tony Rock, American actor and stand-up comedian
• 1975 – Ralf Schumacher, German Formula One driver
• 1975 – Rami Shaaban, Swedish footballer
• 1975 – James Bannatyne, New Zealand footballer
• 1977 – Justo Villar, Paraguayan footballer
• 1977 – Mark Van Gisbergen, New Zealand/English rugby player
• 1978 – Ben Cousins, Australian football player
• 1978 – Claudio Rivalta, Italian footballer
• 1979 – Matisyahu, American reggae singer
• 1979 – Sylvain Chavanel, French cyclist
• 1979 – Rick Gonzalez, American actor
• 1979 – Faisal Shahzad, Pakistani/American terrorist
• 1980 – Rade Prica, Swedish footballer
• 1980 – Seyi Olofinjana, Nigerian footballer
• 1981 – Can Artam, Turkish racing driver
• 1981 – Matt Kirk, Canadian football player
• 1981 – Karolina Sadalska, Polish kayaker
• 1981 – Ben Utecht, American football player
• 1982 – Andy Knowles, British drummer (Franz Ferdinand)
• 1982 – Mitch Maier, American baseball player
• 1982 – Delwyn Young, American baseball player
• 1982 – Lizzy Caplan, American actress
• 1983 – Brendon James, British drummer (Thirteen Senses)
• 1983 – Marlin Jackson, American football player
• 1983 – Patrick Wolf, English singer-songwriter
• 1983 – Cheryl Cole, British singer (Girls Aloud)
• 1983 – Marcus Burghardt, German cyclist
• 1984 – Miles Austin, American football player
• 1984 – Fantasia Barrino, American singer
• 1984 – Gabriel Badilla, Costa Rican footballer
• 1985 – Trevor Ariza, American basketball player
• 1985 – Rafal Blechacz, Polish pianist
• 1985 – Michael Phelps, American swimmer
• 1985 – Fabiana Vallejos, Argentine footballer
• 1985 – Cody Rhodes, American wrestler
• 1986 – Alicia Fox, American wrestler and model
• 1986 – Allegra Versace, Italian heiress
• 1986 – Nicola Pozzi, Italian footballer
• 1986 – Fredy Guarín, Colombian footballer
• 1989 – Steffen Liebig, German rugby player
• 1989 – Miguel Vítor, Portuguese footballer
• 1989 – David Myers, Australian footballer
• 1991 – Kaho, Japanese actress

Deaths

• 350 – Nepotianus, Roman usurper
• 1181 – Hugh de Kevelioc, 3rd Earl of Chester, English politician (b. 1147)
• 1224 – Adolf of Osnabrück, German monk and bishop (b. 1185)
• 1364 – Arnošt of Pardubice, Polish-born Archbishop of Prague (b. 1297)
• 1538 – Charles, Duke of Guelders, Dutch nobleman (b. 1467)
• 1579 – Mehmed Pasha Sokolović, Turkish Janissary (b. 1506)
• 1607 – Caesar Baronius, Italian cardinal and historian (b. 1538)
• 1660 – William Oughtred, English mathematician (b. 1575)
• 1666 – Alexander Brome, English poet (b. 1620)
• 1670 – Henrietta Anne of England, daughter of King Charles I of England (b. 1644)
• 1704 – John Quelch, English pirate (b. 1665)
• 1709 – Edward Lhuyd, Welsh scientist (b. 1660)
• 1785 – James Oglethorpe, English general and founder of the U.S. state of Georgia (b. 1696)
• 1796 – Abraham Yates, American Congressman (b. 1724)
• 1857 – Alcide d'Orbigny, French naturalist (b. 1802)
• 1882 – Charles J. Guiteau, American assassin of President James A. Garfield (b. 1841)
• 1882 – Alberto Henschel, German-Brazilian photographer and businessman (b. 1827)
• 1890 – Samuel Parkman Tuckerman, American composer (b. 1819)
• 1917 – Antonio de La Gandara, French painter (b. 1861)
• 1919 – John Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh, English physicist, Nobel laureate (b. 1842)
• 1932 – Bruno Kastner, German actor (b. 1890)
• 1934 – Night of the Long Knives murders
  • Kurt von Schleicher, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1882)
  • Gregor Strasser, former German Nazi politician (b. 1892)
  • Gustav Ritter von Kahr, Prime Minister of Bavaria (b. 1862)
  • Karl Ernst, German Sturmabteilung-gruppenführer (b. 1904)
  • Erich Klausener, German politician (b. 1885)
• 1953 – Charles William Miller, Brazilian sportsman, the "father of football in Brazil" (b. 1874)
• 1956 – Thorleif Lund, Norwegian actor (b. 1880)
• 1959 – José Vasconcelos, Mexican writer and politician (b. 1882)
• 1961 – Lee DeForest, American inventor (b. 1873)
• 1966 – Giuseppe Farina, Italian Formula One driver, the winner of the first Formula One championship (b. 1906)
• 1971 – Herbert Biberman, American screenwriter and film director (b. 1900)
• 1971 – Soviet crew of Soyuz 11
  • Viktor Patsayev (b. 1933)
  • Georgi Dobrovolski (b. 1928)
  • Vladislav Volkov (b. 1935)
• 1971 – Nikola Kotkov, Bulgarian footballer (b. 1938)
• 1971 – Georgi Asparuhov, Bulgarian footballer (b. 1943)
• 1973 – Blessed Vasyl Velychkovsky C.Ss.R, Ukrainian-born Canadian Greek-Catholic bishop and martyr (b. 1903)
• 1974 – Vannevar Bush, American engineer and politician (b. 1890)
• 1976 – Firpo Marberry, American baseball player (b. 1898)
• 1984 – Lillian Hellman, American playwright (b. 1905)
• 1985 – Haruo Remeliik, 1st President of Palau (b. 1933)
• 1993 – George "Spanky" McFarland, American actor (b. 1928)
• 1993 – Wong Ka Kui, Hong Kong singer (b. 1962)
• 1995 – Gale Gordon, American actor (b. 1906)
• 1995 – Georgi Beregovoi, Soviet cosmonaut (b. 1921)
• 1995 – Phyllis Hyman, American jazz vocalist (b. 1949)
• 1996 – Lakis Petropoulos, Greek footballer and manager (b. 1932)
• 1997 – Larry O'Dea, Australian professional wrestler (b. 1944)
• 2001 – Chet Atkins, American country guitar player and producer (b. 1924)
• 2001 – Joe Henderson, American jazz saxophonist (b. 1937)
• 2002 – Chico Xavier, Brazilian spiritist medium (b. 1910)
• 2003 – Buddy Hackett, American comedian (b. 1924)
• 2003 – Robert McCloskey, American children's book writer and illustrator (b. 1915)
• 2004 – Jamal Abro, Pakistani writer (b. 1924)
• 2005 – Clancy Eccles, Jamaican reggae singer-songwriter (b. 1940)
• 2006 – Robert Gernhardt, German satirist (b. 1937)
• 2007 – Sahib Singh Verma, Indian politician and Chief Minister of Delhi (b. 1943)
• 2009 – Pina Bausch, German choreographer (b. 1940)
• 2009 – Robert DePugh, American anti-Communist activist (b. 1923)
• 2010 – Park Yong-ha, Korean actor and singer (b. 1977)
• 2011 – Barry Bremen, American sports imposter and business man (b. 1947)

Holidays and observances

• Army Day (Guatemala)
• Christian Feast Day:
  • Martial
  • Theobald of Provins
  • First Martyrs of the Church of Rome
  • June 30 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• General Prayer Day (Central African Republic)
• Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Democratic Republic of the Congo from Belgium in 1960.
• Philippine–Spanish Friendship Day (Philippines)

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: June 30

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada