| Kaempferol | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| IUPAC name |
3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-
(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1- benzopyran-4-one |
| Other names | Kaempherol; Robigenin; Pelargidenolon; Rhamnolutein; Rhamnolutin; Populnetin; Trifolitin; Kempferol; Swartziol |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 520-18-3  |
| PubChem | 5280863 |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C15H10O6 |
| Molar mass | 286.23 g/mol |
| Exact mass | 286.047738 |
| Melting point |
276-278 °C |
| (what is this?) (verify) Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) |
|
| Infobox references | |
Kaempferol is a natural flavonoid that has been isolated from tea,[1] broccoli, Delphinium, Witch-hazel, grapefruit, brussel sprouts, apples and other plant sources. Kaempferol is a yellow crystalline solid with a melting point of 276-278 °C. It is slightly soluble in water but soluble in hot ethanol and diethyl ether.
Many glycosides of kaempferol, such as kaempferitrin and astragalin, have been isolated as natural products from plants. Kaempferol consumption in tea and broccoli has been associated with reduced risk of heart disease.[citation needed]
Kaempferol is what gives the flowers of Acacia decurrens and Acacia longifolia their color.[2] The compound has antidepressant properties.[3][unreliable source?]
An 8-year study found that three flavonols (kaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin) reduced the risk of pancreatic cancer by 23 percent.[4]
UCLA cancer researchers have found that study participants who ate foods containing certain flavonoids seemed to be protected from developing lung cancer. Dr. Zuo-Feng Zhang, of the UCLA's Jonsson Cancer Center and a professor of public health and epidemiology at the UCLA School of Public Health said the flavonoids that appeared to be the most protective included catechin, found in strawberries and green and black teas; kaempferol, found in brussel sprouts and apples; and quercetin, found in beans, onions and apples.[5]
Contents |
Metabolism
The enzyme kaempferol 4'-O-methyltransferase uses S-adenosyl methionine and kaempferol to produce S-adenosylhomocysteine and kaempferide.
Glycosides
- Astragalin (Astragaline, asragalin, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside)
- Sophoraflavonoloside (kaempferol 3-O-sophoroside)
- Kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside, a known bitter-tasting flavonoid glycoside, can be isolated from the rhizomes of
Selliguea feei [6].
List of the plants that contains the chemical
Toxicology
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This section requires expansion. |
References
- ^ Jun Seong Park, Ho Sik Rho, Duck Hee Kim, and Ih Seop Chang (2006). "Enzymatic Preparation of Kaempferol from Green Tea Seed and Its Antioxidant Activity". J. Agric. Food Chem. 54 (8): 2951–2956. doi:.
- ^ Lycaeum -- Phytochemistry Intro
- ^ "ANTIDEPRESSANT EFFECT OF KAEMPFEROL, A CONSTITUENT OF SAFFRON (CROCUS SATIVUS) PETAL, IN MICE AND RATS". Pharmacologyonline.
- ^ Ute Nöthlings, Suzanne P. Murphy, Lynne R. Wilkens, Brian E. Henderson & Laurence N. Kolone. 2007. Flavonols and Pancreatic Cancer Risk. American Journal of Epidemiology 166(8): 924–931. doi:10.1093/aje/kwm172
- ^ UCLA news - Fruits, vegetables, teas may protect smokers from lung cancer
- ^ Flavonoids and a proanthrocyanidin from rhizomes of Selliguea feei. Baek Nam-In; Kennelly E.J.; Kardono L.B.S.; Tsauri S.; Padmawinata K.; Soejarto D.D.; Kinghorn A.D., Phytochemistry, 1994, vol. 36, no2, pp. 513-518 (19 ref.)
- [Kaempferol treatment increased the expression and the mitochondria localization of the NAD-dependent deacetylase SIRT3. The chronic myelogenous leukemiae K562 cells stably overexpressing SIRT3 were more sensitive to kaempferol, whereas SIRT3 silencing did not increase the resistance of K562 cells to kaempferol ( Marfe G et al 2009).]
External links
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-mitochondrial effect.
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