Khabarovsk

 

(khəbä'rəfsk, khəbərôfsk') , city (1989 pop. 601,000), capital of Khabarovsk Territory and the administrative center of the Far East district, Russian Far East, on the Amur River near its junction with the Ussuri. An industrial center and a major transportation point on the Trans-Siberian RR, the city has oil refineries, shipyards, wood processing plants, and factories that produce farm machinery, trucks, aircraft, diesel engines, machine tools, and consumer goods. It is connected by regular air service to Alaska, Japan, Korea, and China.

Khabarovsk, formerly a fortified trading post, prospered greatly after the coming of the railroad in 1905. The city was the capital of the Soviet Far East from 1926 to 1938. Since the demise of the Soviet Union, it has experienced an increased Asian presence.

Khabarovsk (English) Хабаровск (Russian)
Location of Khabarovsk on the map of Russia
Coordinates 48°29′N 135°4′E / 48.483, 135.067Coordinates: 48°29′N 135°4′E / 48.483, 135.067
Coat of Arms
City Day: Last Sunday of May
Administrative status
Federal subject In jurisdiction of Administrative center of	Khabarovsk Krai Khabarovsk Krai Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsky District
Local self-government
Charter	Charter of Khabarovsk
Municipal status	Urban okrug
Mayor	Alexander Sokolov
Legislative body	City Duma
Area
Area	km² ( sq mi)
Population (as of the 2002 Census)
Population - Rank - Density	inhabitants 25th /km² (/sq mi)
Events
Founded	May 31, 1858
Town status	1880
Other information
Postal code	680xxx
Dialing code	+7 4212
Official website
http://khabarovsk.kht.ru/

Khabarovsk (Russian: Хаба́ровск; Chinese: 伯力; pinyin: Bólì) is the administrative center and the largest city of Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It is located some 30 km from the Chinese border. It is the second largest city in the Russian Far East, after Vladivostok. The city became the administrative center of the Far Eastern Federal District of Russia in 2002. Population: 579,000 (2005 est.); 583,072 (2002 Census); 600,623 (1989 Census).

History

The area was originally part of Imperial China and was called Boli. The Chinese hamlet dates back to the 12th century. [1].

On March 26 1652, Cossaks were attacked by a joint Manchu cavalry near Achansk (Russian: Ачанск), a Russian fort corresponding to the present-day Khabarovsk, but failed to take the fort. However, in 1654, a joint Manchu-Korean army met a Russian army at the Battle of Hutong (Hangul: 후퉁강 Hanja: 厚通江 (混同江)), which was won by Manchu-Korean allied forces. Four years later,in 1658, Hyojong sent troops once again to help the Qing Dynasty against Russia; 260 Korean musketeers and cannoners were sent to fight against the Russians under command of an Amur Cossack, Onufrij Stepanov (Russian: Онуфрий Степанов-Кузнец). Manchu-Korean forces met the Russians at Sharhody (Chinese: 沙尔虎达 Russian: Шарходы/Шарходе Hangul:의례목성 (어라이무청)), on the mouth of the Sungari River, killing 270 Russians and driving them out of Manchu territory. Those campaigns are better known in Korean chronicles as, Nasun Jeongbeol (Hangul: 나선정벌 Hanja: 羅禪征伐 Russian: Усмирении России).

In 1858, the area was ceded to Russia under the Treaty of Aigun. The Russians founded the military outpost of Khabarovka (Хаба́ровка), [2] named after a Russian explorer Yerofey Khabarov. The post later became an important industrial centre for the region.

The city lies at the confluence of the Amur and Ussuri Rivers, about  kilometers ( mi) north of Vladivostok and is accessible from there by an overnight train running along the Trans-Siberian railway. Rail distance from Moscow is  kilometers ( mi).

In 1894, a department of Russian Geographical Society was formed in Khabarovsk and began initiating the foundation of libraries, theaters, and museums in the city. Since then, Khabarovsk's cultural life has flourished. Much of the local indigenous history has been well-preserved in the Regional Lore Museum and Natural History Museum and in places like near the Nanai settlement of Sikhachi-Alyan, where cliff drawings from more than 1,300 years ago can be found. The Khabarovsk Art Museum exhibits a rare collection of old Russian icons.

Tourism

Visitors to the picturesque city of Khabarovsk are likely to enjoy walking the broad Amursky Boulevard with its many vibrant shops and perhaps visit the local market. The city's five districts stretch for  kilometers ( mi) along the Amur River.

Recently, there have been many renovations in the city's central part, rebuilding with historical perspective. A popular attraction for visitors is a walking tour from the Lenin Square to Utes via Muravyov-Amursky Street, where visitors can find traditional Russian cuisine restaurants and shops with souvenirs. There are many night clubs and pubs in this area.

Unlike Vladivostok, the city has never been closed to foreigners, despite its being the headquarters of the Far East Military District, and retains its historically international flavor. Once the capital of the Soviet Far East (from 1926 to 1938), since the demise of the Soviet Union it has experienced an increased Asian presence. It is estimated that over one million Chinese travel to and through Khabarovsk yearly, and foreign investment by Japanese and Korean corporations has grown in recent years.

Khabarovsk is served by Khabarovsk Novy Airport with international flights to Northeast Asia, Southeast Asia, European Russia, and Central Asia.

The city of Khabarovsk was also the site of the Khabarovsk War Crime Trials, in which twelve former members of the Japanese Kwantung Army were put on trial for the manufacture and use of biological weapons during World War II. See Unit 731.

Notable Residents

• Birthplace of NHL and Russian hockey great Alexander Mogilny

Sister cities

• Bucheon, Korea
• Niigata, Japan
• Anchorage, Alaska, United States
• Portland, Oregon, United States
• Victoria, British Columbia, Canada

Weather averages for Khabarovsk
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	0.2 (32)	6.3 (43)	17.0 (63)	24.8 (77)	31.6 (89)	32.8 (91)	38.3 (101)	35.6 (96)	28.9 (84)	25.8 (78)	15.5 (60)	6.6 (44)	()
Average high °C (°F)	-16.9 (2)	-12.0 (10)	-2.3 (28)	9.2 (49)	17.7 (64)	23.2 (74)	26.1 (79)	24.4 (76)	18.4 (65)	9.6 (49)	-3.5 (26)	-14.0 (7)	()
Average low °C (°F)	-24.4 (-12)	-20.9 (-6)	-11.8 (11)	-0.6 (31)	6.5 (44)	12.8 (55)	16.8 (62)	15.8 (60)	9.3 (49)	0.7 (33)	-11.1 (12)	-21.0 (-6)	()
Record low °C (°F)	-38.9 (-38)	-35.1 (-31)	-28.9 (-20)	-15.1 (5)	-3.1 (26)	2.4 (36)	7.9 (46)	4.8 (41)	-3.3 (26)	-15.6 (4)	-27.4 (-17)	-36.7 (-34)	()
Precipitation mm (inch)	15 (0.6)	11 (0.4)	17 (0.7)	43 (1.7)	58 (2.3)	82 (3.2)	144 (5.7)	154 (6.1)	89 (3.5)	51 (2)	23 (0.9)	18 (0.7)	()
Source: Pogoda.ru.net[1] 8.09.2007

References

External links

• TPC map 1:500,000
• ONC map 1:1,000,000
• Satellite photo from 1986

• (Korean) Manchu-Korean expedition against Russian expansion (나선정벌 (羅禪征伐)
• (Korean) map of the Manchu-Korean expedition against Russian expansion (나선정벌 (羅禪征伐)
• (Russian) Major problems of Russian-Korean relationship
• (Russian) CHINA AND RUSSIA relationship and history

	Cities and towns in Khabarovsk Krai
	Administrative center: Khabarovsk Amursk | Ayan | Bikin | Komsomolsk-on-Amur | Nikolayevsk-on-Amur | Okhotsk | Sovetskaya Gavan | Vyazemsky

be-x-old:Хабараўск

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