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lecture

 
Dictionary: lec·ture   (lĕk'chər) pronunciation
 
n.
  1. An exposition of a given subject delivered before an audience or a class, as for the purpose of instruction.
  2. An earnest admonition or reproof; a reprimand.

v., -tured, -tur·ing, -tures.

v.intr.

To deliver a lecture or series of lectures.

v.tr.
  1. To deliver a lecture to (a class or an audience).
  2. To admonish or reprove earnestly, often at length: always lecturing me about my manners.

[Middle English, a reading, from Old French, from Medieval Latin lēctūra, from Latin lēctus, past participle of legere, to read.]


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Thesaurus: lecture
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noun

    A usually formal oral communication to an audience: address, allocution, declamation, oration, prelection, speech, talk. See words.

verb

    To talk to an audience formally: address, prelect, speak. Archaic bespeak. See words.

 
Antonyms: lecture
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n

Definition: criticism
Antonyms: commendation

v

Definition: criticize lengthily
Antonyms: praise


 
Word Tutor: lecture
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pronunciation

IN BRIEF: A talk on some subject to an audience or class. Also: A long or tiresome scolding.

pronunciation I recall once saying that when I had given the same lecture several times I couldn't help feeling that they really ought to know it by now. — J. E. Littlewood (1885-1977)

 
Wikipedia: Lecture
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A lecture is an oral presentation intended to present information or teach people about a particular subject, for example by a university or college teacher. Lectures are used to convey critical information, history, background, theories and equations. A politician's speech, a minister's sermon, or even a businessman's sales presentation may be similar in form to a lecture. Usually the lecturer will stand at the front of the room and recite information relevant to the lecture's content.

Though lectures are much criticized as a pedagogical method, universities have not yet found practical alternative teaching methods for the large majority of their courses. Critics point out that lecturing is mainly a one-way method of communication that does not involve significant audience participation. Therefore, lecturing is often contrasted to active learning. But lectures delivered by talented speakers can be highly stimulating; at the very least, lectures have survived in academia as a quick, cheap and efficient way of introducing large numbers of students to a particular field of study.

Lectures have a significant role outside the classroom, as well. Academic and scientific awards routinely include a lecture as part of the honor, and academic conferences often center around "keynote addresses", i.e., lectures. The public lecture has a long history in the sciences and in social movements. Union halls, for instance, historically have hosted numerous free and public lectures on a wide variety of matters. Similarly, churches, community centers, libraries, museums, and other organizations have hosted lectures in furtherance of their missions or their constituents' interests.

Contents

Etymology

The noun "lecture" dates from 14th century, meaning "action of reading, that which is read," from the Latin lectus, pp. of legere "to read." Its subsequent meaning as "a discourse on a given subject before an audience for purposes of instruction" is from the 16th century. The verb "to lecture" is attested from 1590. The noun "lectern" refers to the reading desk used by lecturers. In British English and several other languages the noun "lecture" must grammatically be the object of the verb "to read."

History

A lecture at a medieval university (1350s) showing the lecturer reading a text from the lectern to students.

The practice in the medieval university was for the instructor to read from an original source to a class of students who took notes on the lecture. The reading from original sources evolved into the reading of glosses on an original and then more generally to lecture notes. Throughout much of history, the diffusion of knowledge via handwritten lecture notes was an essential element of academic life.

Rembrandt's The Anatomy Lecture of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp

Even in the twentieth century the lecture notes taken by students, or prepared by a scholar for a lecture, have sometimes achieved wide circulation (see, for example, the genesis of Ferdinand de Saussure's Cours de linguistique générale). Many lecturers were, and still are, accustomed to simply reading their own notes from the lectern for exactly that purpose. Nevertheless, modern lectures generally incorporate additional activities, e.g. writing on a chalk-board, exercises, class questions and discussions, or student presentations.

The use of multimedia presentation software such as Microsoft PowerPoint has changed the form of lectures, e.g. video, graphics, websites, or prepared exercises may be included. Most commonly, however, only outlines composed of "bullet points" are presented. Critics such as Edward Tufte [1] contend that this style of lecture bombards the audience with unnecessary and possibly distracting or confusing graphics.

Research

William Hogarth's 1736 engraving, Scholars at a Lecture

Bligh, in What's the Use of Lectures? argues that lectures "represent a conception of education in which teachers who know give knowledge to students who do not and are therefore supposed to have nothing worth contributing." Based on his review of numerous studies, he concludes that lecturing is as effective, but not more effective, as any other teaching method in transmitting information. Nevertheless, lecturing is not the most effective method for promoting student thought, changing attitudes, or teaching behavioral skills.

Other forms

Many university courses relying on lectures supplement them with smaller discussion sections, tutorials, or laboratory experiment sessions as a means of further actively involving students. Often these supplemental sections are led by graduate students, tutors, Teaching Assistants or Teaching Fellows rather than senior faculty. Those other forms of academic teaching include discussion (recitation if conducted by a Teaching Assistant ), seminars, workshops, observation, practical application, case examples/case study, experiential learning/active learning, computer-based instruction and tutorials.

In schools the prevalent mode of student-teacher interaction is lessons.

The term "parlor lecture" gained currency throughout the British Commonwealth of Nations and the United States of America during the mid-19th Century. It referred to the custom of inviting noted speakers to deliver private lectures, which were typically hosted in the parlors of wealthy and socially influential families.[2]

See also

References

External links


 
Translations: Lecture
Top

Dansk (Danish)
n. - forelæsning, foredrag, præken, moralpræken
v. intr. - holde forelæsning, præke, docere
v. tr. - holde forelæsning, forelæse, præke, docere

Nederlands (Dutch)
lezing, college, referaat, voordracht, preek, de les lezen, berispen, lezing/ college geven

Français (French)
n. - conférence, (GB, Univ) cours magistral, sermon
v. intr. - sermonner, (GB, Univ) faire un cours, donner une conférence sur
v. tr. - (GB, Univ) donner en cours à, sermonner, faire la leçon à

Deutsch (German)
n. - Vortrag, Strafpredigt, Vorlesung
v. - einen Vortrag halten, eine Vorlesung halten, eine Strafpredigt halten

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - διάλεξη, (διδασκόμενο) μάθημα, "παράδοση", νουθεσία, ορμήνια
v. - δίνω διάλεξη, νουθετώ, κάνω μάθημα

Italiano (Italian)
fare una paternale a, conferenza, predica, lezione

Português (Portuguese)
n. - conferência (f), preleção (m)
v. - fazer conferência, dissertar

Русский (Russian)
читать лекцию, отчитывать, лекция, нотация

Español (Spanish)
n. - conferencia, ponencia, discurso, sermón, reprimenda, clase
v. intr. - dar una conferencia, echar una reprimenda, disertar
v. tr. - dar clase, sermonear, reprender

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - föreläsning, föredrag, straffpredikan, skrapa
v. - föreläsa, hålla föreläsningar, läxa upp, ge en skrapa

中文(简体)(Chinese (Simplified))
演讲, 教训, 谴责, 讲演, 说教, 训诫

中文(繁體)(Chinese (Traditional))
n. - 演講, 教訓, 譴責
v. intr. - 講演
v. tr. - 演講, 說教, 訓誡

한국어 (Korean)
n. - 강의 , 설교
v. intr. - 강의를 하다 , 훈계하다
v. tr. - 강연하다

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - 講義, 講演, 説教
v. - 講義する, 説教する

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) محاضرة, توبيخ رسمي (فعل) يلقي محاضرة أو سلسله محاضرات, يوبخ رسميا‏

עברית (Hebrew)
n. - ‮הרצאה, נאום, הטפה‬
v. intr. - ‮הטיף מוסר‬
v. tr. - ‮הירצה‬


 
 
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