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Leg lengthening is performed under general anesthesia, so that the patient is deep asleep and can't feel pain.
Leg shortening surgery is also performed under general anesthesia. Generally, femoral shortening is preferred to
a leg bone grows more slowly in one leg than on the other leg.
Jean Marc Guichet
1) Doppler shift
2) shortening or lengthening the wavelength produced by the source.