The legal drinking age refers to the earliest age in a country that a person is legally allowed to buy alcoholic beverages, which may be different from the age at which they may be permitted to drink alcohol, especially in the privacy of their home. The legal drinking age varies around the world in general, from countries in Europe where people may consume alcoholic beverages from a young age, generally 16 or 17, to states in India where the drinking age is as high as 25. Some Islamic nations prohibit alcohol consumption by Muslims, and others by anyone.
|
Contents
|
Africa
-
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
| Country/region | De jure | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Drinking age | Purchase age | ||
| Botswana | 16[1] | ||
| Cameroon | 18[1] | 21[1] | 18 on-premise, 21 off-premise |
| Egypt | 18[1][2] | ||
| Eritrea | 16[1] | ||
| Ethiopia | 18[1] | ||
| Ghana | 18[3] | ||
| Malawi | 18[3] | ||
| Mauritius | none[1] | ||
| Morocco | none[4] | 16[4] | |
| Namibia | 18[1] | ||
| Niger | 18[1] | ||
| Nigeria | 18[1] | ||
| Rwanda | 18[1] | ||
| South Africa | 18[1] | ||
| Swaziland | none[1] | 18[1] | |
| Sudan | illegal[1] | ||
| Uganda | 18[1] | ||
| Tunisia | 15[1] | ||
| Zambia | 16[1] | ||
| Zimbabwe | 16[1] | ||
Americas
|
|
This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. Please improve this article if you can. (May 2009) |
| Country / region | De jure | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Drinking Age | Purchase Age | ||
| Argentina | 18[1] | ||
| Bahamas | 18[1] | ||
| Belize | 18[1] | ||
| Bermuda | 18[1] | ||
| Bolivia | 18[1] | ||
| Brazil | 18[1] | ||
| Canada | 18[1] | in Alberta, Manitoba, and Quebec. Underage drinking by 16-17 year olds under parental supervision is permitted in Manitoba. Underage drinking by minors, under parental supervision in a residence or a temporary residence, is permitted in Alberta.[5] | |
| 19[1] | in British Columbia, Saskatchewan, Ontario, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Labrador, Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut. Underage drinking under parental supervision is permitted at home in the provinces of New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, British Columbia, Ontario[6] and Saskatchewan.[7] (To be clear, in British Columbia, only children of the supervising parents are allowed underage drinking, not any other minors or guests. Consumption of alcohol in another person's home is subject to other laws.)[8] | ||
| Chile | 18[1] | ||
| Colombia | 18[1] | ||
| Costa Rica | 18[1] | ||
| Cuba | none[1] | 18[1] | |
| Dominican Republic | 18[1] | ||
| Ecuador | 18[1] | ||
| El Salvador | 18[1] | ||
| Guatemala | 18[1] | ||
| Haiti | 16[1] | ||
| Honduras | 18[9] | ||
| Jamaica | 18[1] | ||
| Mexico | 18[1] | ||
| Nicaragua | 19[1] | ||
| Panama | 18[1] | ||
| Paraguay | 20[1] | ||
| Peru | 18[1] | ||
| Puerto Rico | 18[1] | ||
| United States (50 states and D.C.) |
21[1] |
The National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984 states that revenue will be withheld from states that allow the purchase of alcohol by anyone under the age of 21. Prior to the effective date of that Act, the drinking age varied from state to state. Some states do not allow those under the legal drinking age to be present in liquor stores or in bars (usually, the difference between a bar and a restaurant is whether food is being served). Contrary to popular belief, since the National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984, few states specifically prohibit minors' and young adults' consumption of alcohol in private settings. As of January 1, 2007, 14 states and the District of Columbia ban underage consumption outright, 19 states do not specifically ban underage consumption, and an additional 17 states have family member and/or location exceptions to their underage consumption laws. Federal law explicitly provides for religious, medical, employment and private club possession exceptions; as of 2005, 31 states have family member and/or location exceptions to their underage possession laws. However, non-alcoholic beer in many (but not all) states, some including Idaho, Texas, and Maryland, is considered legal for minors (those under the age of 21).[10] By a judge's ruling, South Carolina appears to currently allow the possession and consumption of alcohol by those 18–20 years of age,[11] though a circuit court judge said otherwise. |
|
| Uruguay | 18[1] | ||
| Venezuela | 18[1] | ||
Asia
| Country / region | De jure | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Drinking Age | Purchase Age | ||
| Afghanistan | illegal[1] | ||
| Armenia | none | ||
| Azerbaijan | 18[1] | ||
| Brunei | illegal[1] | ||
| Bangladesh | illegal[12] | ||
| Cambodia | none[13] | ||
| Cyprus | 17[1] | ||
| People's Republic of China | 18[1] | Introduced in January 2006.[14] | |
| Georgia | none[1] | 16[1] | |
| Hong Kong | 18[1] | ||
| India | 18–25 (varies between states; e.g., 25 in Delhi).[1] | Consumption of alcohol is prohibited in the states of Manipur and Mizoram.[15] | |
| Indonesia | 21[1] | ||
| Iran | illegal[16] | Legal for certain religious groups if required for ceremonies. | |
| Israel | 18[1] | ||
| Jordan | 18[17] | ||
| Japan | 20[1] | ||
| Kuwait | illegal[18] | ||
| Lebanon | none[1] | ||
| Macau | none[1] | none[1][19] | |
| Malaysia | none[1] | 18[1] | |
| Mongolia | 18[20] | ||
| Nepal | 18[1] | None | |
| North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea) | 18[1] | Alcoholic beverages are served on Saturdays. | |
| Oman | 21[1] | ||
| Pakistan | Illegal, 21 for non-Muslims[1] | ||
| Philippines | 18[1] | 18[21] | |
| Saudi Arabia | illegal | Forbidden by Sharia (Islamic Law, with qur'anic and other traditional legal inspirations). Offenders are typically punished with lashes. | |
| Singapore | 18[1] | ||
| South Korea (Republic of Korea) | 19[1] | Whoever is Korean age of 19 can drink and purchase alcohol (18 in regular age) | |
| Sri Lanka | 21[1] | ||
| Taiwan | 18[22] |
|
|
| Tajikstan | 21[1] | ||
| Thailand | none | 18[1] | |
| Turkey | 18 | Some new laws were introduced since 2005, by the AK Parti government.[28][29][30][31]
A minimum of 16 years of age are allowed to drink non-distilled beverages while being accompanied by parents.[citation needed] |
|
| Turkmenistan | 18[1] | ||
| United Arab Emirates | 21 | Expatriate, non-Muslim residents may request a liquor permit to purchase alcoholic beverages; it is illegal for such holders to provide drinks to others.[32] | |
| Yemen | illegal | ||
Europe
| Country / region | De jure | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drinking Age | Purchase Age | |||
| Albania | none | |||
| Austria | 16, 18 for distilled beverages in some states | Upper Austria, Salzburg and Tirol prohibit the consumption of distilled beverages below the age of 18, while Carinthia and Styria prohibit drinks containing more than 12% or 14% of alcohol respectively in this age bracket. Carinthia additionally requires adolescents to maintain a blood alcohol level below 0.05%, while Upper Austria prohibits "excessive consumption", and Salzburg prohibits consumption that would result in a state of intoxication. Prohibitions in Vienna, Burgenland, Lower Austria and Vorarlberg apply only to alcohol consumption in public. Vienna additionally prohibits the consumption of alcohol in schools under the age of 18.[33] | ||
| Belarus | 18 | |||
| Belgium | (Bars, etc.) 16/18 for distilled & strong spirits (>22%) | 16/18 for distilled & strong spirits (>22%) | ||
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 16 | 18 | ||
| Bulgaria | 18 | |||
| Croatia | 18 | |||
| Cyprus | 17 | |||
| Czech Republic | 18[34] | |||
| Denmark | none | 16 (Shops), 18 (Bars) | To buy alcohol in stores one must be 16, however some bars have a limit at 18. There is no drinking age, only a purchase age, and an adult can buy alcohol for a minor. By tradition youths are privately allowed to drink alcohol after their confirmation.[35] If a shop or bar fails to ask for an ID-card and they are identified having sold alcohol to an underage, they are fined. A national ID-card, obtained in the local town hall, can serve as age verification.[36] This card is rarely used though, since a passport or moped-licence can be used.[37] | |
| Estonia | 18 | |||
| Finland | 18 (bars and restaurants), adult discretion in private[38] | 18 (up to 22% ABV in stores and all alcohol in bars), 20 (all alcohol); alcohol may not be sold to intoxicated customers. | Age limits apply to purchase and possession. Police may search minors in public places and confiscate or destroy alcoholic beverages. Adults are responsible for alcohol use by minors in private. | |
| France | none | 18 | Buying alcohol is illegal below the age of 18.[39] Selling alcohol to a minor can be fined €7,500.[40] The law has been changed recently.[41] Drinking alcohol is not forbidden to minors in private, but supplying them with alcohol that results in intoxication is.[42] | |
| Germany | 16, 18 for distilled beverage,14 together with parents | 16, 18 for distilled beverages[43] | Possession or consumption of alcohol by minors is not outlawed, but it is illegal to sell them alcohol or let them drink in public below the respective drinking age. Fermented alcoholic beverages may be consumed by minors in public when in presence of a legal guardian; drinking in private is not controlled. The restrictions on distilled beverages apply also to mixed drinks containing them.[43] | |
| Gibraltar | none | 16 | ||
| Greece | none | none (Shops), 17 (Bars) | ||
| Hungary | 18 | 18 | ||
| Iceland | 20[44] | Possession or consumption of alcohol by minors is not an offence but supplying them with alcohol is. However, law allows alcohol possessed by a minor to be confiscated. | ||
| Republic of Ireland | 18[1] | 18[1] | ||
| Italy | none | none, 16 (limit to get served alcoholic drinks in public places) | South Tyrol prohibits both serving and purchase for people under the age of 16 and to everybody in a state of inebriation.[45] Milan has enforced a ban on under 16's purchasing alcohol. Heavy fines are given to proprieters and parents if a transaction is completed. | |
| Liechtenstein | 16 for wine, beer and cider 18 for spirits & spirit-based beverages. e.g. alcopops |
Wine, beer and ciders as well as some other party drinks that may not contain spirits can be purchased by the age of 16. Spirits as well as alcopops can be sold only to people above the age of 18.[46] | ||
| Luxembourg | 16 | |||
| Latvia | 18 | |||
| Lithuania | 18 | |||
| Macedonia | 18 | |||
| Malta | 16, drinking in public is not allowed. | 17 | Identification document mandatory. | |
| Moldova | No minimum age (beer), 18 (wine and spirits) |
|||
| Montenegro | none | 18 | ||
| Netherlands | 16 in pubs or cafes | 16 (under 15% ABV), 18 (15% ABV and over) |
Buyers must show id. if under age of 20. Drinking in public is not allowed. Selling alcohol to underaged customers carries a fine of €900–3,600. | |
| Norway | none[47] | 18 (under 22% ABV), 20 (over 22% ABV) |
Drinking age is often erroneously perceived by the public as being 18, even though minors consuming alcohol are never held criminally responsible. | |
| Poland | none | 18 | ||
| Portugal | none | 16 (will be changing to 18 soon) | ||
| Romania | none | 18 | ||
| Russia | 18 | |||
| Serbia | none | none | There is no law that regulates the minimum drinking or purchase age, but some stores display notices saying that the sale of alcoholic beverages to minors is prohibited. | |
| Slovakia | 18 | 18 | ||
| Slovenia | none | 18 | ||
| Spain | 16 | |||
| Sweden | 18 (bars and restaurants) | 20 (Systembolaget[48] stores),
18 (beer with 2.25%–3.5% ABV in normal shops), none (less than 2.25% ABV) |
See also alcohol in Sweden. Bars/clubs often voluntarily choose to have higher age limits than 18, commonly 20 or 23. | |
| Switzerland | 16 (for beer, wine and cider), 18 (for spirits, liquor and alcopops) | |||
| Turkey | 18 | Some new laws were introduced since 2005, by the AK Parti government.[28][29][30][31]
A minimum of 16 years of age are allowed to drink non-distilled beverages while being accompanied by parents.[citation needed] |
||
| Ukraine | 18[1] | |||
| United Kingdom |
5 (in private) 16 (in public with a meal and accompanied by an adult) 18 (otherwise) |
18 | Children under 5 must not be given alcohol unless under medical supervision or in an emergency (Children and Young Persons Act 1933, Children and Young Persons (Scotland) Act 1937).[49][50] However, children aged 5 and over may legally consume alcohol in their own or someone else's home as long as they are under the supervision of an adult, but Social Services are intolerant of this occurring with children under the age of 14.
The minimum age for the purchase of alcohol is 18. People aged 16 or 17 may consume wine, beer or cider on licensed premises (pubs/bars/restaurants) with a table meal. In England & Wales, an adult must order.[51] In Scotland, no adult is required to be present.[52][53] The legal age for the purchase of alcohol from an off-licence (store/supermarket) is 18 (as of 2009 it is illegal to purchase liquor chocolates under the age of 18). Under the BBPA's Challenge 21 scheme, customers attempting to buy alcoholic beverages are asked to prove their age if in the retailer's opinion they look under 21, even though they are only 18. Many supermarket and off-licence chains display Challenge 21 notices stating that they will not serve persons who look under 21 without ID. Some retailers display signs setting ages higher than this, the most common age is 25, however some supermarkets have made this age as high as 30. Purchasing alcohol on behalf of a minor is illegal in Scotland, England and Wales. This means acting as the young person's agent.[54][55] |
|
Oceania
| Country / region | De jure | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Drinking Age | Purchase Age | ||
| American Samoa (US) | 21 | ||
| Australia | 18 | Liquor laws vary by state. See Alcohol laws of Australia for more details. | |
| Fiji | 18 | Was 21 from 2006-2009. Lowered to 18 on May 19, 2009. Very loosely enforced.[56] | |
| Guam (U.S.) | 18 | ||
| Micronesia | 21[1] | ||
| New Zealand | - | 18 | Although there are laws prohibiting alcohol purchase by any person under 18 years of age, to actually drink alcohol (without the element of purchasing) is not currently an offence. Usually any person under 18 without a guardian who is found consuming alcohol in a public place will have the drink removed and if intoxicated will be returned to their home, or be held by police until sober. On 8 November 2006 the New Zealand Parliament rejected a bill to return the legal age to 20[57] after significant lobbying by the Keepit18 group[58] and others. Due to the new "party rule", if there is any person under the age of 18 present while alcohol is being bought in a shop, the shop may refuse to sell the alcohol (unless if the person under 18 is the child or dependant of the purchaser).[59] |
| Northern Mariana Islands (U.S.) | 21 | ||
| Palau | 21 | ||
| Papua New Guinea | 18 | ||
| Samoa | 16 | ||
| Solomon Islands | none | ||
| Tonga | 18 | ||
| Tokelau | 18 | ||
| Vanuatu | 18 | ||
See also
- Amethyst Initiative
- Alcohol consumption by youth in the United States
- National Minimum Drinking Age Act
- National Youth Rights Association
- Age discrimination
- Shoulder tap
- The Century Council
- Choose Responsibility
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca "Minimum Drinking and Purchasing Age Laws". International Center for Alcohol Policies. May 2009. http://www.icap.org/Table/MinimumAgeLimitsWorldwide. Retrieved January 15, 2010.
- ^ Global Status Report: Alcohol Policy, Egypt
- ^ a b "Global Status Report: Alcohol Policy - Country Profiles". World Health Organization. http://www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/alcoholpolicycountryprofiles/en/index.html.
- ^ a b "Minimum Legal Ages for Alcohol Purchase or Consumption Around the World". World Health Organization. http://www.geocities.jp/m_kato_clinic/mini-age-alcohol-eng-1.html.
- ^ Alberta Gaming and Liquor Act section 87.3
- ^ "Liquor Licence Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. L.19". E-laws.gov.on.ca. 2007-07-01. http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/html/statutes/english/elaws_statutes_90l19_e.htm#BK33. Retrieved 2009-06-20.
- ^ Drinking Age Limits - International Center for Alcohol Policies
- ^ [1] - In British Columbia, as confirmed in 2006, only children of the parents supervising are allowed underage drinking, not any other minors.
- ^ http://www.grsproadsafety.org/themes/default/pdfs/Drinking%20Age%20Limits.pdf.
- ^ Exceptions to Minimum Age of 21 for Possession of Alcohol as of January 1, 2007, Alcohol Policy Information System
- ^ Judge: State law barring underage drinking is unconstitutional
- ^ "Bangladesh". Global Status Report on Alcohol 2004. World Health Organization. 2004. http://www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/en/bangladesh.pdf. Retrieved 2009-03-28.
- ^ "Global Status Report: Alcohol Policy, Cambodia" (PDF). http://www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/policy_cambodia.pdf. Retrieved 2009-06-20.
- ^ China bans under-age drinking, China Daily, 2006-01-06. Retrieved 2008-02-03.
- ^ "Alcohol Prohibition and Addictive Consumption in India" (PDF). http://www.eudnet.net/workshops/workshop10-2002/rahman.pdf. Retrieved 2008-03-11.
- ^ "Global Status Report: Alcohol Policy, Islamic Republic of Iran" (PDF). http://www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/policy_iran.pdf. Retrieved 2009-06-20.
- ^ "Global Status Report: Alcohol Policy, Jordan" (PDF). http://www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/policy_jordan.pdf. Retrieved 2009-06-20.
- ^ Who Are The Abstainers?, International Center for Alcohol Policies, June 2000, http://www.icap.org/portals/0/download/all_pdfs/ICAP_Reports_English/report8.pdf
- ^ "Food and Drink". Worldtravelguide.net. http://www.worldtravelguide.net/country/153/entertainment/Far-East-Asia/Macau.html. Retrieved 2009-06-20.
- ^ Global Status Report: Alcohol Policy, Mongolia
- ^ Global Status Report: Alcohol Policy, Philippines
- ^ Article 2 of the Children and Youth Welfare Law (zh:兒童及少年福利法) of the Republic of China, effective since 2003-05-28 in Taiwan Area, defines children and youth as people under the age of 18.
- ^ Clause 1 of Section 1 of Article 26 of the Children and Youth Welfare Law (zh:兒童及少年福利法) of the Republic of China, effective since 2003-05-28 in Taiwan Area
- ^ Section 2 of Article 26 of the Children and Youth Welfare Law of the Republic of China
- ^ Section 1 of Article 55 of the Children and Youth Welfare Law of the Republic of China
- ^ Section 3 of Article 26 of the Children and Youth Welfare Law of the Republic of China
- ^ Section 2 of Article 55 of the Children and Youth Welfare Law of the Republic of China
- ^ a b Turkey: Alcohol ban in government cafes and restaurants Friday, November 25, 2005 @ 09:38 AM Central Standard Time. TURKS.us
- ^ a b Secular Turkey is angered by spectre of alcohol-free zones By Elizabeth Davies. Thursday, 15 December 2005. The Independent
- ^ a b Turkey's Islamist-rooted AKP to propose new bans on alcohol Hurriyet News
- ^ a b New alcohol law prompts fears for Turkish bar trade Robert Tait in Istanbul. The Guardian, Friday 16 May 2008
- ^ "International Drinking Guidelines". International Center for Alcohol Policies. http://www.icap.org/PolicyIssues/DrinkingGuidelines/GuidelinesTable/tabid/204/Default.aspx. Retrieved 2009-02-17.
- ^ information based on the respective state Youth Protection Laws, available at [2], as of December 11, 2007
- ^ "International Center for Alcohol Policies: Age Laws Table". Icap.org. http://www.icap.org/PolicyIssues/YoungPeoplesDrinking/AgeLawsTable/tabid/219/Default.aspx. Retrieved 2009-06-20.
- ^ "Alcohol culture in Denmark". Alcoholcultureindenmark.webbyen.dk. http://alcoholcultureindenmark.webbyen.dk/. Retrieved 2009-06-20.
- ^ "Lov om forbud mod salg af tobak og alkohol til personer under 16 år" (in dk). https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=9878.
- ^ Få unge har købt legitimationskort, Danmarks Radio, 01. July 2006
- ^ Alcoholic beverages act http://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/ajantasa/1994/19941143?search[type]=pika&search[pika]=alkoholi
- ^ French Public Health Code, Art L3342-1
- ^ French Public Health Code, Art L3353-3
- ^ Law passed on 23 July 2009.
- ^ French Public Health Code, Art L3353-4.
- ^ a b German law for the protection of minors
- ^ Practical Information School for Renewable Engergy Science, Iceland
- ^ "Autonomous Province of Bozen/Bolzano-South Tyrol - Press release of the Department for Health (in Italian)". Provinz.bz.it. http://www.provinz.bz.it/sozialwesen/news/news_i.asp?art=194930&HLM=1. Retrieved 2009-06-20.
- ^ "Jugendgesetz vom 19. Dezember 1979". Gesetze.li. http://www.gesetze.li/get_pdf.jsp?PDF=.pdf. Retrieved 2009-06-20.
- ^ "Proposition to Odelstinget rejecting the idea of holding minors criminally responsible for the purchase or consumption of alcohol". Regjeringen.no. http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/aid/dok/regpubl/otprp/19961997/Otprp-nr-7-1996-97-/16/3.html?id=299088. Retrieved 2009-06-20.
- ^ "Systembolaget - Rules on selling". Systembolaget.se. http://www.systembolaget.se/Applikationer/Knappar/InEnglish/Rules+on+selling.htm. Retrieved 2009-06-20.
- ^ "Children and Young Persons Act 1933 (c.12) - Statute Law Database". Statutelaw.gov.uk. http://www.statutelaw.gov.uk/content.aspx?LegType=All+Legislation&title=children+young+persons&Year=1933&searchEnacted=0&extentMatchOnly=0&confersPower=0&blanketAmendment=0&sortAlpha=0&TYPE=QS&PageNumber=1&NavFrom=0&parentActiveTextDocId=1109288&ActiveTextDocId=1109297&filesize=1694. Retrieved 2009-06-20.
- ^ "Children and Young Persons (Scotland) Act 1937 (c.37), section 16 - Statute Law Database". Statutelaw.gov.uk. http://www.statutelaw.gov.uk/content.aspx?LegType=All+Legislation&Year=1937&searchEnacted=0&extentMatchOnly=0&confersPower=0&blanketAmendment=0&sortAlpha=0&TYPE=QS&PageNumber=1&NavFrom=0&parentActiveTextDocId=1111220&ActiveTextDocId=1111230&filesize=1737. Retrieved 2009-06-20.
- ^ Consumption of alcohol by children, Section 150, Licensing Act 2003
- ^ "Licensing (Scotland) Act 1976, section 68". Statutelaw.gov.uk. http://www.statutelaw.gov.uk/content.aspx?LegType=All+Legislation&title=licensing&Year=1976&searchEnacted=0&extentMatchOnly=0&confersPower=0&blanketAmendment=0&sortAlpha=0&TYPE=QS&PageNumber=1&NavFrom=0&parentActiveTextDocId=1478300&ActiveTextDocId=1478375&filesize=4011. Retrieved 2009-06-20.
- ^ "Licensing (Scotland) Act 2005, section 105". Statutelaw.gov.uk. http://www.statutelaw.gov.uk/content.aspx?LegType=All+Legislation&title=licensing&Year=2005&searchEnacted=0&extentMatchOnly=0&confersPower=0&blanketAmendment=0&sortAlpha=0&TYPE=QS&PageNumber=1&NavFrom=0&parentActiveTextDocId=1939670&ActiveTextDocId=1939812&filesize=3052. Retrieved 2009-06-20.
- ^ publisher= Department of Culture Media and SportChapter12 Sale and Supply of Alcohol to Children
- ^ "Alcohol: under aged drinking - law". InfoScotland.com. http://www.infoscotland.com/alcohol/displaypage.jsp;jsessionid=B0A9FD30EB7E73F6C35147B443BBEE80?p_applic=CCC&pContentID=70&p_service=Content.show&.
- ^ "State lowers legal drink age - Fiji Times Online". Fijitimes.com. 2009-05-20. http://www.fijitimes.com/story.aspx?id=121699. Retrieved 2009-06-20.
- ^ "Strong vote against bill to raise drinking age". NZ Herald. November 8, 2006. http://www.nzherald.co.nz/section/1/story.cfm?c_id=1&ObjectID=10409844. Retrieved February 3, 2008.
- ^ MPs back off from drinking age hike, NZ Herald, November 4, 2006. Retrieved February 3, 2008.
- ^ "Sale of Liquor Act 1989". http://www.alac.org.nz/FileLinks/772_SaleOFLiquorAct1989.9bfdc8d8.pdf. Retrieved 2010-01-14.
External links
- Minimum Legal Age for Buying and Drinking Alcohol around the World (Interactive map of the world)
- ARA, Industry Association for Responsible Alcohol Use
- International Center for Alcohol Policies (ICAP)
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)




