Leis

Leis, term deriving from the ‘Kyrie Eleison’ from the Ordinary of the Mass. ‘Kyrrieleison’ occurs in a non-liturgical context in the Ludwigslied (881). The word leis, originally probably only denoting the response, has been extended to cover verses constituting prayers of intercession, in which each stanza is concluded by the refrain ‘Kyrie eleison’. A notable early example is the OHG Petruslied (9th-c.), in which each of the three short strophes is concluded by the ‘Christe’ as well as the ‘Kyrie’. It was probably processional, and the vernacular portions were no doubt sung by a priest, the people contributing the refrain. The intercession of this poem has its origin in the Litany. Leise of this kind were sung at festivals and on other special occasions, and some authorities consider that they were, from time to time, intercalated in the liturgy. A later example of a leis is the vernacular Easter hymn ‘Krist ist erstanden’ (12th-c.). It is maintained by some scholars that the leis is the seed from which later germinated the first beginnings of vernacular hymnody.

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