Wikipedia:
List of consonants
This is a list of all consonants, ordered by place and manner of articulation.
Ordered by place of articulation
Labial consonants
Bilabial consonants
- bilabial click [ʘ]
- bilabial ejective [pʼ]
- bilabial nasal [m] (man)
- bilabial trill [ʙ]
- bilabial approximant [β̞]
- voiced bilabial fricative [β]
- voiced bilabial implosive [ɓ]
- voiced bilabial plosive [b] (bed)
- Voiced bilabial affricate
- voiceless bilabial fricative [ɸ]
- voiceless bilabial plosive [p] (spin)
- Voiceless bilabial affricate
Labiodental consonants
- labiodental approximant [ʋ]
- labiodental nasal [ɱ] (symphony)
- voiced labiodental fricative [v] (van)
- Voiced labiodental plosive
- Voiced labiodental affricate
- voiceless labiodental fricative [f] (fan)
- Voiceless labiodental plosive
- Voiceless labiodental affricate
Coronal consonants
Dental consonants
- dental click [ǀ]
- dental ejective [t̪ʼ]
- dental nasal [n̪]
- voiced dental fricative [ð] (this)
- voiced dental implosive [ɗ̪]
- voiced dental plosive [d̪]
- voiceless dental fricative [θ] (thing)
- voiceless dental plosive [t̪]
Retroflex consonants
- retroflex approximant [ɻ]
- retroflex flap [ɽ]
- retroflex lateral approximant [ɭ]
- retroflex nasal [ɳ]
- voiced retroflex fricative [ʐ]
- voiced retroflex plosive [ɖ]
- voiced retroflex affricate [ɖ͡ʐ]
- voiceless retroflex fricative [ʂ]
- voiceless retroflex plosive [ʈ]
- voiceless retroflex affricate [ʈ͡ʂ],
Alveolar consonants
- alveolar approximant [ɹ] (red)
- alveolar ejective [tʼ]
- alveolar ejective fricative [sʼ]
- alveolar flap [ɾ]
- alveolar lateral approximant [l] (lead)
- alveolar lateral flap [ɺ]
- alveolar nasal [n] (none)
- alveolar trill [r]
- lateral alveolar click [ǁ]
- velarized alveolar lateral approximant [ɫ]
- voiced alveolar fricative [z] (zoo)
- voiced alveolar implosive [ɗ]
- voiced alveolar lateral fricative [ɮ]
- voiced alveolar plosive [d] (done)
- voiced alveolar affricate d͡z
- voiceless alveolar fricative [s] (son)
- voiceless alveolar lateral fricative [ɬ]
- voiceless alveolar plosive [t] (ton)
- voiceless alveolar affricate t͡s
Postalveolar consonants
- postalveolar click [ǃ]
- voiced postalveolar affricate [dʒ] (jug)
- voiced postalveolar fricative [ʒ] (vision)
- voiceless postalveolar affricate [tʃ] (chip)
- voiceless postalveolar fricative [ʃ] (ship)
Alveolo-palatal consonants
- voiced alveolo-palatal fricative [ʑ]
- voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative [ɕ]
- voiced alveolo-palatal affricate [d̠͡ʑ]
- voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate [t̠͡ɕ]
Dorsal consonants
Palatal consonants
- palatal approximant [j] (yes)
- palatal click [ǂ]
- palatal ejective [cʼ]
- palatal lateral approximant [ʎ]
- palatal nasal [ɲ]
- voiced palatal fricative [ʝ]
- voiced palatal implosive [ʄ]
- voiced palatal plosive [ɟ]
- voiceless palatal fricative [ç] (human, but not hum)
- voiceless palatal plosive [c]
Labial-palatal consonants
Velar consonants
- velar approximant [ɰ]
- velar ejective [kʼ]
- velar lateral approximant [ʟ]
- velar nasal [ŋ] (ring)
- voiced velar fricative [ɣ]
- voiced velar implosive [ɠ]
- voiced velar plosive [g] (get)
- voiceless palatal-velar fricative [ɧ]
- voiceless velar fricative [x]
- voiceless velar plosive [k] (kick, cat)
Labial-velar consonants
- voiced labial-velar approximant [w] (witch)
- voiceless labial-velar approximant [ʍ] (which)
Uvular consonants
- uvular ejective [qʼ]
- uvular nasal [ɴ]
- uvular trill [ʀ]
- voiced uvular fricative [ʁ]
- voiced uvular implosive [ʛ]
- voiced uvular plosive [ɢ]
- voiceless uvular fricative [χ]
- voiceless uvular plosive [q]
Radical consonants
Pharyngeal consonants
Epiglottal consonants
Glottal consonants
- voiced glottal fricative [ɦ]
- voiceless glottal fricative [h] (hat)
- voiceless glottal plosive [ʔ]
Ordered by manner of articulation
Nasal consonants
- alveolar nasal [n]
- bilabial nasal [m]
- dental nasal [n̪]
- labiodental nasal [ɱ]
- palatal nasal [ɲ]
- retroflex nasal [ɳ]
- uvular nasal [ɴ]
- velar nasal [ŋ]
Plosive (stop) consonants
- epiglottal plosive [ʡ]
- voiced alveolar plosive [d]
- voiced bilabial plosive [b]
- voiced dental plosive [d̪]
- voiced palatal plosive [ɟ]
- voiced retroflex plosive [ɖ]
- voiced uvular plosive [ɢ]
- voiced velar plosive [g]
- voiceless alveolar plosive [t]
- voiceless bilabial plosive [p]
- voiceless dental plosive [t̪]
- voiceless glottal plosive [ʔ]
- voiceless palatal plosive [c]
- voiceless retroflex plosive [ʈ]
- voiceless uvular plosive [q]
- voiceless velar plosive [k]
Fricative consonants
- alveolar ejective fricative [sʼ]
- voiced alveolar fricative [z]
- voiced alveolar lateral fricative [ɮ]
- voiced alveolo-palatal fricative [ʑ]
- voiced bilabial fricative [β]
- voiced dental fricative [ð]
- voiced epiglottal fricative [ʢ]
- voiced glottal fricative [ɦ]
- voiced labiodental fricative [v]
- voiced palatal fricative [ʝ]
- voiced pharyngeal fricative [ʕ]
- voiced postalveolar fricative [ʒ]
- voiced retroflex fricative [ʐ]
- voiced uvular fricative [ʁ]
- voiced velar fricative [ɣ]
- voiceless alveolar fricative [s]
- voiceless alveolar lateral fricative [ɬ]
- voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative [ɕ]
- voiceless bilabial fricative [ɸ]
- voiceless dental fricative [θ]
- voiceless epiglottal fricative [ʜ]
- voiceless glottal fricative [h]
- voiceless labiodental fricative [f]
- voiceless palatal fricative [ç]
- voiceless palatal-velar fricative [ɧ]
- voiceless pharyngeal fricative [ħ]
- voiceless postalveolar fricative [ʃ]
- voiceless retroflex fricative [ʂ]
- voiceless uvular fricative [χ]
- voiceless velar fricative [x]
Affricate consonants
Approximant consonants
- alveolar approximant [ɹ]
- alveolar lateral approximant [l]
- bilabial approximant [β̞]
- labial-palatal approximant [ɥ]
- labial-velar approximant (voiced) [w]
- labial-velar approximant (voiceless) [ʍ]
- labiodental approximant [ʋ]
- palatal approximant [j]
- palatal lateral approximant [ʎ]
- retroflex approximant [ɻ]
- retroflex lateral approximant [ɭ]
- velar approximant [ɰ]
- velar lateral approximant [ʟ]
- velarized alveolar lateral approximant [ɫ]
Flap (tap) consonants
- alveolar flap [ɾ]
- alveolar lateral flap [ɺ]
- retroflex flap [ɽ]
Trill consonants
- alveolar trill [r]
- bilabial trill [ʙ]
- uvular trill [ʀ]
Ejective consonants
- alveolar ejective fricative [sʼ]
- alveolar ejective [tʼ]
- bilabial ejective [pʼ]
- dental ejective [t̪ʼ]
- palatal ejective [cʼ]
- uvular ejective [qʼ]
- velar ejective [kʼ]
Implosive consonants
- voiced alveolar implosive [ɗ]
- voiced bilabial implosive [ɓ]
- voiced dental implosive [ɗ̪]
- voiced palatal implosive [ʄ]
- voiced uvular implosive [ʛ]
- voiced velar implosive [ɠ]
Click consonants
- bilabial click [ʘ]
- dental click [ǀ]
- lateral alveolar click [ǁ]
- palatal click [ǂ]
- postalveolar click [ǃ]
See also
This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)
