CPU sockets (or CPU slots) in which one or more microprocessors may be installed

Only I7 CPU family, no other processors.

Cpu

LGA Sockets, most often used by Intel place the CPU Pins in the motherboard instead of on the CPU.

For your viewing pleasure:

PGA Sockets place the pins on the CPU

BGA Sockets solder the CPU to the motherboard, and use rounded beads instead of obvious pins

Slot Sockets look and behave in a manner similar to PCI, and have card slot arrays instead of individual pins

DIP Sockets place the pins only on the outer edges of the chip. These are old and crude.

PLCC Sockets have metal fins on all four sides, with a small chip that fits inside. This chip has receiving points that are flat against the chip, giving them an appearance similar to that of a game cartridge. (Some New BIOS chips still use this. Little chip nested inside of a brown plastic square)

Think thats about it, though I'm sure there's a socket type I missed somewhere!

The architecture used in most CPU sockets and processors today is known as PGA architecture. This is referred to as pin grid array.