In mathematics a game is a situation where there are multiple
people with conflicting interests. Game theory is a field of
applied mathematics which is divided into two fields. The first is
classical game theory and the second is combinatorial game
theory.
In combinatorial game theory, one deals with games such as
chess, checkers, and other two person games. The idea is that every
possible move can be predicted and analyzed. Combinatorics is used
to do this. A key element in combinatorial game theory is one
player moves at a time.
In classical game theory, more than one player can make a move
at the same time.
There are often hidden elements, unlike in combinatorial game
theory.
Classical game theory is related to economics as well. In
addition, there are a lot of psychological games studied
Mathematical game theory was founded by Émile Bore. John von
Neumann is a very important mathematician who is credited with
finding and proving much of game theory.