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Proto-Methodist theologians
- Jacobus Arminius - ordained pastor of the Dutch Reformed church, studied under Theodore Beza and rejected the teachings of John Calvin, inspired the Remonstrance and the soteriological system now known as Arminianism.
- Hugo Grotius - playwright, poet, and humanist philosopher of the Aristotelian tradition, systematized Arminianism and developed the moral government theory of Christ's atonement.
18th century
19th century
- Adam Clarke - Biblical theologian uncomfortable with systematic approaches to Christian theology, argued that Christ's Sonship began with the Incarnation.
- Richard Watson - outspoken British abolitionist, wrote against Clarke in defense of the eternal Sonship of Christ, one of the first theologians to systematize Wesley's theology.
- Wilbur Fisk - religious educator, favored ending slavery progressively (rather than in the revolutionary way proposed by other notable abolitionists, so as to avoid a split in the Church), early influence on the temperance movement.
- Nathan Bangs - Arminian apologist, first editor of the Methodist magazine Christian Advocate, opposed the antinomianism of the New Light Baptist community.
- Hugh Price Hughes - Welsh social reformer, first editor of the Methodist Times and first superintendent of the West London Methodist Mission.
- William Burt Pope
- John Miley
- James Strong
- Borden Parker Bowne
- Martin Ruter
- Henry Clay Dean
20th century
- Edgar S. Brightman - Christian pacifist, associated with process philosophy and liberal theology of the school known as Boston personalism.
- Justo Gonzalez
- José Miguez Bonino
- E. Stanley Jones
- Albert C. Knudson
- Edwin Lewis
- H. Orton Wiley
- Georgia Harkness
- William Edwin Sangster (1900-1960) - Renowned preacher and theologian of the Wesleyan understanding of sanctification and perfection
- Albert C. Outler - influenced the paleo-orthodox movement, coined the term "Wesleyan Quadrilateral" with respect to John Wesley's method of theological reflection.
- J. Kenneth Grider - scholar of the Wesleyan holiness tradition, served on the translation committee for the New International Version (NIV) of the Bible.
- John B. Cobb
- Young-Ho Chun
- The people of The United Methodist Church
21st century
- William J. Abraham
- Marcella Althaus-Reid - first female professor of theology at the University of Edinburgh in 160 years, associated with feminist, liberation, and queer theology.
- Thomas Jay Oord
- Thomas C. Oden - responsible in large part for founding the theological school known as paleo-orthodoxy, associated also with the confessing movement connected with neo-evangelicalism.
- Mercy Oduyoye - Ghanaian feminist theologian.
- Stanley Hauerwas - theological ethicist and outspoken anti-nationalist Christian pacifist, studied under neo-orthodox theologian H. Richard Niebuhr, associated with narrative theology and was influential in the formation of the Ekklesia Project.
- Christopher Morse - developed a prescriptive type of via negativa, described as "faithful disbelief."
- Scott J. Jones - bishop of the United Methodist Church, international evangelist, and prominent Protestant ecumenical figure who has been involved in relations between the Roman Catholic Church and the World Methodist Council.
- Marjorie Suchocki - current director of the Whitehead International Film Festival, one of the leading thinkers in the field of process theology.
- William H. Willimon - bishop of the United Methodist Church, sometimes associated with postliberal narrative theology, named one of the top twelve best preachers in the English-speaking world in a 1996 Baylor University survey.
- Geoffrey Wainwright
- Andrew S. Park - systematic theologian and pioneer in Asian American liberation theology, associated with Christian mysticism and the debate over the relationship between religion and science.
- The people of The United Methodist Church
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