Below is a list of the Valide Sultans of the Ottoman Empire:
- 1324: Mal Hatun - Wife of Osman I, mother of Orhan I. She was possibly the daughter of Sheik Edebali.
- 1359: Nilüfer Hatun - Wife of Orhan I, mother of Murad I. She was possibly of Persian descent.[1][2][3]
- 1389: Gulcicek Hatun (or Gülçiçek Hatun) - Wife of Murad I, mother of Bayezid I. She was an ethnic Greek.
- 1403: Devlet Hatun (or Devlet Shah Hatun) - Wife of Bayezid I, mother of Mehmed I. She was the daughter of Yakub Shah of Germiyan, according to some sources she was daughter of Serbian noble Prince Lazar, married Bayezid I afther the battle of Kosovo 1389. Her christian name was Mara or Olivera.
- 1421: Emine Hatun or Sitti Mukrime Hatun - The third wife of Mehmed I, mother of Murad II. She was the daughter of Suleyman Bey, ruler of Dirkadiroglu state, and her marriage served as an alliance between the Ottomans and this buffer state.
- 1432: Hüma Hatun - Wife of Murad II, mother of Mehmed II. She was born in Devrekani county of Kastamonu province, daughter of Abd'Allah of Hum. (Huma means "a girl/woman from Hum")
- 1481: Amina Gul-Bahar (also known as Gulbahār Khātun or Gulbahar Hatun) - Wife of Mehmed II, mother of Bayezid II. She was an ethnic Greek of noble birth from the village of Douvera, Trabzon.
- 1512: Ayşe Hatun - Wife of Bayezid II, mother of Selim I. She was an ethnic Greek convert to Islam.
- 1520: Ayşe Hafsa Sultan (or Hafsa Hatun Sultan) - Wife of Selim I, mother of Suleiman I. She was most probably of Georgian descent.
- 1558: Hürrem Sultan - Wife of Suleiman I, mother of Selim II. Her original name was Roxelana Lisowska, and she was of Ruthenian descent.
- 1574: Nurbanu Sultan - Wife of Selim II, mother of Murad III. She was born Cecilia Venier-Baffo, and was of noble Venetian birth.
- 1594: Safiye Sultan - Wife of Murad III, mother of Mehmed III. She was born Sofia Baffo, and like her predecessor (and cousin), was of noble Venetian birth.
- 1603: Handan Sultan - Wife of Mehmed III, mother of Ahmed I and Mustafa I. She was an ethnic Greek, originally named Helena or Jelena.
- 1617: Mahfiruze Hatice Sultan - Wife of Ahmed I, mother of Osman II. She was an ethnic Serb, originally named Maria.
- 1623: Kösem Sultan (also known as Mahpeyker) - Another wife of Ahmed I, mother of Murad IV and Ibrahim I. Of Greek descent, she was originally named Anastasia.
- 1648: Turhan Hatice - Wife of Ibrahim I, mother of Mehmed IV. She was of Ruthenian descent.
- 1687: Saliha Dilashub (or Saliha Dilaşub) - Another wife of Ibrahim I, mother of Suleiman II. She was of Serbian descent.
- 1691: Khadija Muazzez - Yet another wife of Ibrahim I, mother of Ahmed II. She was of Polish Jewish descent.
- 1695: Mah-Para Ummatullah Rabia Gül-Nush (wife of Mehmed IV, mother of Mustafa II and Ahmed III. Originally named Evemia, she was from Crete, and was of Venetian descent.
- 1730: Saliha Sabkati - Wife of Mustafa II, mother of Mahmud I. She was Serbian descent.
- 1754: Shehsuvar - Another wife of Mustafa II, mother of Osman III. She was of Serbian descent.
- 1757: Amina Mihr-i Shah - Wife of Ahmed III, mother of Mustafa III. She was of French descent.
- 1774: Rabia Sharmi - Wife of Ahmed III, mother of Abdul Hamid I. She was of French descent.
- 1789: Mihr-i shah - Wife of Mustafa III, mother of Selim III. She was of Genoese descent.
- 1807: Ayse Seniyeperver (also known as Aisha Sina Parvar or Ayse Sine-perver) - Wife of Abdul Hamid I, mother of Mustafa IV. She was of Bulgarian descent.
- 1808: Naksh-i-Dil Haseki - Another wife of Abdul Hamid I, mother of Mahmud II. (There have been speculations that she was a cousin of Napoleon's wife Josephine[4]. See Aimée du Buc de Rivéry) She was most likely from the Caucasus.
- 1839: Bezmiâlem (or Bazim-i Alam) - The first wife of Mahmud II, mother of Abdülmecid I. She was of Russian Jewish[5] or Georgian Jewish descent[6]
- 1861: Pertevniyal - Wife of Mahmud II, mother of Abdülaziz. She was of Romanian descent.
- 1876: Shevkefza - Wife of Abdülmecid I, mother of Murad V.[7] She was of Circassian descent.
- 1876: Tirimüjgan - Wife of Abdülmecid I, biological mother of Abdul Hamid II. She was of Armenian descent.
- 1876: Rahime Perestu - Wife of Abdülmecid I, adoptive mother of Abdul Hamid II)[8]. She was of Circassian descent.
- 1909: Gülcemal - Wife of Abdülmecid I, mother of Mehmed V. She was of Circassian descent.
- 1918: Gülüstü - Wife of Abdülmecid I, mother of Mehmed VI. She was of Circassian descent.
References
- ^ The Fall of Constantinople, Steven Runciman, Cambridge University Press, p.36
- ^ The Nature of the Early Ottoman State, Heath W. Lowry, 2003 SUNY Press, p.153
- ^ History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey, Stanford Jay Shaw, Cambridge University Press, p.24
- ^ Christine Isom-Verhaaren, Royal French Women in the Ottoman Sultans' Harem: The Political Uses of Fabricated Accounts from the Sixteenth to the Twenty-first Century, Journal of World History, vol. 17, No. 2, 2006
- ^ Ali Kemal Meram, "Padişah anaları", 1977 p. 399 (Turkish)
- ^ Palmer, Alan, The Decline and Fall of the Ottoman Empire, p.106. Barnes & Noble Publishing, 1992. ISBN 156619847X
- ^ Brookes, Douglass Scott, The Concubine, the Princess, and the Teacher, p.290. University of Texas Press, 2008. ISBN 029271842X
- ^ Brookes, Douglass Scott, The Concubine, the Princess, and the Teacher, p.287. University of Texas Press, 2008. ISBN 029271842X
External links
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