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What are the long term effects [of what, exactly?] on the ecosystem and animals?
Please be more specific.
Long term change let's an ecosystems flora and fauna to adapt easily over time, short term they are forced to adapt right away.
Ecosystem is a shorthand term for ecological system.
define and compare the term species, population, and ecosystem
No!
Even if we feel or have felt that we have had valid justification in altering the ecosystem for our needs at the time.
The long term effect of such actions are hard to ignore!