A ballestra is a rapid attack in fencing made by a jump forward
and a lunge.
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The correct spelling of the word is "lunging." It refers to the action of thrusting forward, as in a lunge exercise or a fencing move.
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if you're talking about the move you do (extending your arm and
thrusting forward) to hit your opponent and score a point, then it
is mainly called a lunge, although the part where you thrust
forward could be called a "thrust". <<nooo, reeeally?
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In fencing, the opposite of lunged (attacked) is parried(defended).
There is no opposite for the act to lunge, except that the opposite move might be to retreat or to evade.