In Greek Mythology, Lycus was a ruler of the ancient city of Thebes, Greece. His rule was preceded by the regency of Nycteus, and he was succeeded by the twins Amphion and Zethus.
Genealogy
Lycus and his brother Nycteus were the sons of either Chthonius, one of the Sparti[1], or of the nymph Clonia and Hyreius, the son of Poseidon and the Atlantid Alkyone [2], or of Poseidon and the Pleiad Celaeno [3]. The two brothers fled from Euboea after they murdered King Phlegyas, settling in Hyria and then moving to Thebes, because they were friends with Pentheus, its king[4].
Regency of Thebes
Pentheus's successor was Polydorus, who married Nycteis, the daughter of Nycteus. Nycteus served as regent for Labdacus, the son of Polydorus, when Polydorus died at a young age. Nycteus's daughter, Antiope, was impregnated by Zeus, and fled to Sicyon to marry King Epopeus.
Pausanias writes that Nycteus waged war on Epopeus, but in battle was wounded, and died after being carried back to Thebes, appointing Lycus as regent for Labdacus. Nycteus urged Lycus to continue to attack Epopeus, and to retake and punish Antiope. Epopeus died of a wound just as Nycteus did, and his heir Lamedon gave Antiope up freely to avoid war.[5]
Apollodorus, however, writes that Lycus was the one chosen regent after the deaths of Pentheus and Labdacus. Nycteus killed himself from shame when he discovered Antiope's pregnancy, and Lycus initiated the attack because he himself desired to punish her, successfully carrying her off after the battle.[6]
In either case, Antiope gave birth to the twins Amphion and Zethus on the way back to Thebes, at Mount Cithaeron. Lycus abandoned the babies, leaving them with shepherds.
Once he returned to Thebes, Lycus gave Antiope to his wife, Dirce, who treated her cruelly. After many years Antiope escaped and found her sons, who returned to Thebes to kill Lycus and Dirce and take command of the city.[7] According to Euripides, Hermes forbade the twins from killing Lycus, although he forced Lycus to give them Thebes[8].
Notes
- ^ Apollodorus, Library, 3.5.5
- ^ Apollodorus, Library, 3.10.1
- ^ Tripp, Edward. "Crowell's Handbook of Classical Mythology." New York, Thomas Y. Crowell Company, 1970, p. 351
- ^ Apollodorus, Library, 3.5
- ^ Pausanias, Description of Greece, 2.6
- ^ Apollodorus, Library, 3.5.5
- ^ Pausanias, Description of Greece, 9.5
- ^ Gantz, Timothy. Early Greek Myth. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1993, p. 485
External links
| Preceded by Nycteus |
Mythical King
of Thebes (first regency) |
Succeeded by Labdacus |
| Preceded by Labdacus |
Mythical King
of Thebes (second regency) |
Succeeded by Amphion and Zethus |
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