Some of the main causes for fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates are differentials in inflation and differentials in interest rates. Others include currency-account deficits and public debt.

Huge fluctuations in temperature are called thermal fluctuations. This is how it can go from cold to hot.

what are the causes of fluctuations in the exchange rate

The unemployment produced by fluctuations in economic activity is called

Monetarism is a school of economic thought that emphasizes the role of government control over the money supply to achieve economic stability and growth. It argues that fluctuations in the money supply are the primary cause of economic fluctuations, and advocates for central bank intervention to control inflation and stabilize the economy.