mandatory appliances and equipments on board

Mandatory safety equipments can help prevent accidents, injuries and mishaps in the workplace. Common equipments includes PPEs or personal protective equipments such as gloves, goggles, suits, etc. Equipments on board are those that can help do the job safety or are emergency safety equipments may include things that can help fight/deal with the emergency which may include things like fire extinguishers, fire exits, fire hose, etc.

Yes. Mandatory training is always compensable.

In Europe yes, they are mandatory. But in the U.S., no, they are not mandatory, but the car must meet stopping distance tests.

In some countries, in certain industries it is mandatory to have regular breaks for safety reasons. However, the drinking of coffee is not mandated at these breaks.